Kanatlılarda koksidiyozise karşı probiyotiklerin kullanım olanakları

Öz

Günümüzde kanatlı sektörü büyümesini hızla devam ettirmektedir. Ancak bakteriyel, viral ve özellikle genç kanatlıları hedef alan koksidiyozis hastalığı gibi paraziter hastalıklar dünya genelinde kanatlı sektörüne her yıl büyük ekonomik zarar vermektedir. Koksidiyozis hastalığı Eimeria türlerinin neden olduğu bağırsak epitel hücrelerini hedef alan enterik bir hastalıktır. Yemden yararlanmayı azaltarak büyümede gerilemeye neden olan ve ciddi vakalarda ölüme yol açan bu hastalık antikoksidiyal ilaçlar ve aşılarla kontrol altında tutulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ancak antikoksidiyal ilaçlara karşı gelişen direnç ve bu ilaçların hayvansal ürünlerde kalıntı bırakma riski göz önüne alındığında kemoterapotik ilaçların kullanımına mesafeli yaklaşılmaktadır. Aşılama ile bağışıklık kazandırma yöntemi daha güvenli bulunsa da aşıların erken büyüme performansında düşüşe neden olabileceği ve civcivlerin nekrotik enteritis gibi sekonder enfeksiyonlara karşı duyarlılığını arttırabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle son dönemlerde alternatif koruma yöntemi olarak probiyotiklerle yapılan çalışmalara ağırlık verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kanatlı
• Eimeria
• koksidiyozis
• probiyotik.

Possibilities of Use of Probiotics Against Coccidiosis in Poultry

Öz

Today, the poultry industry continues to grow rapidly. However, bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases such as coccidiosis, which mainly target young poultry, cause significant economic damage to the poultry industry every year around the world. Coccidiosis is an enteric disease that targets intestinal epithelial cells caused by Eimeria species. This disease, which causes regression in growth by reducing feed efficiency and causes death in severe cases, is tried to be controlled with anticoccidial drugs and vaccines. However, chemotherapeutic drugs are approached with a distance, considering the resistance developed against anticoccidial drugs and the risk of this drugs leaving residues in animal products. Although the method of immunization by vaccination is found to be safer, it is thought that vaccines may cause a decrease in early growth performance and increase the susceptibility of chicks to secondary infections such as necrotic enteritis. For this reason, studies with probiotics as an alternative protection method have recently been emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Poultry
• Eimeria
• coccidiosis
• probiotic

Kaynakça

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