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Adli antropolojide yaş tahmini metodları

Year 2018, Issue: 35, 35 - 54, 30.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.1501/antro_0000000352

Abstract

Adli antropoloji, insan kemiklerinden biyolojik profil oluşturulan bir bilim dalıdır. İnsan kemiklerinden biyolojik profil elde etme safhalarının en önemlilerinden biri, bireyin ölüm zamanındaki yaşını tespit etmektir. Antropologlar yaş belirlemek için erişkin olmayan ve erişkin bireylerde farklı yöntemler kullanmakta ve erişkin bireylerin cinsiyetine göre değişen çeşitli metotlar uygulamaktadırlar. Bu metotlar genel olarak dental, osteolojik, histolojik ve kompozit metotları içermektedir. Bu makalede, insan iskeletlerinin incelendiği vakalarda ölüm zamanındaki yaş tahmininde kullanılan geleneksel ve popüler metotlardan, bu metotların uygulanabilirliğinden ve bazı durumlarda karşılaşılan zorluklardan bahsedilecektir

References

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  • AlQahtani, S. J, Hector, M.P. ve Liversi, H.M. (2014). Accuracy of dental age estimation charts: Schour and Massler, Ubelaker and the London Atlas. Am. J. of Physical Anthropology, 154(1), 70–78.
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  • Boldsen, J. L., Milner, G. R., Konigsberg L. W. ve Wood, J. W (2002). “Transition Analysis: A new method for estimating age from skeletons”. Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples. R. Hoppa ve J. Vaupel (Ed.), pp. 73-106, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
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  • Meindl, R. S., Lovejoy, C. O., Mensforth, R. P. ve Walker, R. A. (1985). A revised method of age determination using the os pubis, with a review and tests of accuracy of other current methods of pubic symphyseal aging. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 68, 29 – 45.
  • Nawrocki, S. P. (2010). “The Nature And Sources Of Error in The Estimation of Age At Death From The Skeleton”. Age Estimation of the Human Skeleton. K. Latham and M. Finnegan (Ed.), pp. 79-101, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
  • Nawrocki, S. P. (1998). “Regression formulae for the estimation of age from cranial suture closure”. Forensic Osteology: Advances in the Identification of Human Remains, 2nd Edition. K. J. Reichs (Ed.), pp. 276-292, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
  • İşcan, M. Y. (1989). “Research strategies in age estimation: The multiregional approach”. Age Markers in the Human Skeleton. M. Y. İşcan (ed.), pp. 325- 339, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL
  • İşcan, M. Y., Loth, S. R. ve Wright, R. K. (1985). Age estimation from the rib by phase analysis: white females. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 30, 853 – 863.
  • İşcan, M. Y., Loth, S. R. ve Wright, R. K. (1984a). Metamorphosis at the sternal rib end: a new method to estimate age at death in white males. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 65, 147 – 156.
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  • Katz, D. ve Suchey, J. M. (1986). Age Determination of The Male Os Pubis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 69, 427 – 435.
  • Kerley, E. R. ve Ubelaker, D. H. (1978). Revisions in the microscopic method of estimating age at death in human cortical bone. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 49, 545 – 546.
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  • Kroman, A. M. ve Thompson, G. A. (2009). Cranial suture closure as a reflection of somatic dysfunction: lessons from osteopathic medicine applied to physical anthropology. Proceedings American Academy of Forensic Sciences Annual Meeting, Denver, CO, pp. 326– 237.
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  • Osborne, D. L., Simmons, T. L. ve Nawrocki, S. P. (2004). Reconsidering the auricular surface as an indicator of age at death. Journal of Forensic Sciences 49, 905 – 911.
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Age Estimation Methods in Forensic Anthropology

Year 2018, Issue: 35, 35 - 54, 30.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.1501/antro_0000000352

Abstract

Forensic anthropology is a branch of science that biological profiles can be established from human bones. One of the most important phases in establishing biological profile from human bones is to determine the age of the individuals at the time of death. Anthropologists use various methods to determine age in sub-adult and adult individuals, and apply various techniques according to the sex of adult individuals. The age estimation methods generally include dental, osteological, histological and composite methods. This article will discuss the utility and the challenges of traditional and popular methods and techniques used to estimate the age at death where human skeletons are examined

References

  • Aka, P. S., Yagan, M., Canturk, N. ve Dagalp, R. (2015). Primary Tooth Development in Infancy: A Text and Atlas, August 26, 2015, CRC Press.
  • Albert, A. M. ve Maples, W. R. (1995). Stages of epiphyseal union for thoracic and lumbar vertebral centra as a method of age determination for teenage and young adult skeletons, J Forensic Sci, 40(4), 623-33.
  • AlQahtani, S. J, Hector, M.P. ve Liversi, H.M. (2014). Accuracy of dental age estimation charts: Schour and Massler, Ubelaker and the London Atlas. Am. J. of Physical Anthropology, 154(1), 70–78.
  • AlQahtani, S. J. (2008). Atlas of tooth development and eruption. Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Queen Mary University of London, MClinDent.
  • Barchilon, V., Hershkovitz, I., Rothschild, B., Wish-Baratz, S., Latimer, B., Jellema, L., Hallel, T. ve Arensburg, B. (1996). Factor affecting the rate and pattern of the first costal cartilage ossification. Am J Forensic Med Pathol, 17(3), 239-47.
  • Barres, D. R., Durigon, M. ve Paraire, F. (1989). Age estimation from quantification of features of “chest plate” x-rays. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 34, 28 – 33.
  • Bethard, J. (2005). A Test of the Transition Analysis Method for Estimation of Age- at- Death in Adult Human Skeletal Remains. MA Thesis, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN.
  • Boldsen, J. L., Milner, G. R., Konigsberg L. W. ve Wood, J. W (2002). “Transition Analysis: A new method for estimating age from skeletons”. Paleodemography: Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples. R. Hoppa ve J. Vaupel (Ed.), pp. 73-106, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
  • Brooks, S. ve Suchey, J. M. (1990). Skeletal Age Determination Based on the Os Pubis: A comparison of the Acsadi-Nemeskeri and Suchey-Brooks Methds. Human Evolution, 5(3), 227-238.
  • Brooks, S. T. (1955). Skeletal age at death: The reliability of cranial and pubic age indicators. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 13, 567 – 589.
  • Brothwell, D.R. (1963). Dental Anthropology. Pergamon Press, New York.
  • Buckberry, J. L. ve Chamberlain, A. T. (2002). Age estimation from the auricular surface of the ilium: a revised method. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 119, 231 – 239.
  • Buikstra, J. E.ve Ubelaker, D. H. (1994). Standarts for data collection from human skeletal remains. Arkansas Archaeological Survey Research Series, 44. Arkansas Archeological Survey, Fayetteville.
  • Christensen, M. A., Passalacqua, V. N. ve Bartelink J. E. (2014) Forensic Anthropology: Current Methods and Practice. Academic Press.
  • Crews, D. E. (1993). Biological anthropology and human aging: Some current directions in human aging research. Annual Review of Anthropology, 22, 395 – 423.
  • Demirjian, A., Goldstein, H., Tanner, J. M. (1973). A new system of dental age assessment. Human Biol., 45, 211-227.
  • Ericksen, M. F. (1991). Histologic examination of age at death using the anterior cortex of the femur. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 84, 171 – 179 .
  • Falys, C. G., Schutkowksi, H. ve Weston D. A. (2006). Auricular surface aging: Worse than expected? A test of revised method on documented historic skeletal assemblage. Am J Phys Anthropol, 130(4), 508-13.
  • Fazekas, G. ve Kosa, F. (1978) Forensic Fetal Osteology. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest.
  • Garvin, H. M. (2010). “Limitations of cartilage ossification as an indicator of age at death”. Age Estimation of the Human Skeleton. K. Latham ve M. Finnegan (Ed.), pp. 118-133., Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
  • Garvin, M. H, Passalacqua, V. N., Uhl, M. N, Gipson, R.D., Overbury, S. R. ve Cabo, L. L. (2012). “Developments in Forensic Anthropology: Age-at-Death Estimation”. A Companion to Forensic Anthropology. D. C. Dirkmaat (Ed.), 202-223, Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Garvin, H. M. ve Passalacqua, N. V. (2011). Current practices by forensic anthropologists in adult skeletal age estimation, Journal of Forensic Sciences, 57(2), 427-433
  • Gilbert, B. M. ve McKern, T. W. (1973). A method for aging the female os pubis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 38, 31 – 38.
  • Gustafson, G. (1950). Age determination on teeth. J Am Dent Assoc, 41(1), 45-54.
  • Hartnett, K. M. (2010a). Analysis of age-at-death estimation using data from a new, modern autopsy sample--part II: sternal end of the fourth rib. J Forensic Sci, 55(5),1152-1156.
  • Hartnett, K. M. (2010b). Analysis of age-at death estimation using data from a new, modern autopsy sample - part I: pubic bone. J Forensic Sci, 55(5),1145-1151.
  • Hoffman, J. M. (1979). Age estimations from diaphyseal lengths: Two months to twelve years. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 24, 461 – 469.
  • Meindl, R. S., Lovejoy, C. O., Mensforth, R. P. ve Walker, R. A. (1985). A revised method of age determination using the os pubis, with a review and tests of accuracy of other current methods of pubic symphyseal aging. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 68, 29 – 45.
  • Nawrocki, S. P. (2010). “The Nature And Sources Of Error in The Estimation of Age At Death From The Skeleton”. Age Estimation of the Human Skeleton. K. Latham and M. Finnegan (Ed.), pp. 79-101, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
  • Nawrocki, S. P. (1998). “Regression formulae for the estimation of age from cranial suture closure”. Forensic Osteology: Advances in the Identification of Human Remains, 2nd Edition. K. J. Reichs (Ed.), pp. 276-292, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL.
  • İşcan, M. Y. (1989). “Research strategies in age estimation: The multiregional approach”. Age Markers in the Human Skeleton. M. Y. İşcan (ed.), pp. 325- 339, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL
  • İşcan, M. Y., Loth, S. R. ve Wright, R. K. (1985). Age estimation from the rib by phase analysis: white females. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 30, 853 – 863.
  • İşcan, M. Y., Loth, S. R. ve Wright, R. K. (1984a). Metamorphosis at the sternal rib end: a new method to estimate age at death in white males. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 65, 147 – 156.
  • İşcan, M. Y., Loth, S. R. ve Wright, R. K. (1984b) Age estimation from the rib by phase analysis: white males. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 29, 1094 – 1104 .
  • Johnston, F. E. (1962). Growth of the long bones of infants and children at Indian Knoll. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 20, 249 – 254.
  • Katz, D. ve Suchey, J. M. (1986). Age Determination of The Male Os Pubis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 69, 427 – 435.
  • Kerley, E. R. ve Ubelaker, D. H. (1978). Revisions in the microscopic method of estimating age at death in human cortical bone. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 49, 545 – 546.
  • Kerley, E. R. (1965). The microscopic determination of age in human bone.
  • Kim, Y. K., Kho, H. S. ve Lee, K. H. (2000). Age estimation by occlusal tooth wear. J Forensic Sci, 45, 303‑309.
  • Kroman, A. M. ve Thompson, G. A. (2009). Cranial suture closure as a reflection of somatic dysfunction: lessons from osteopathic medicine applied to physical anthropology. Proceedings American Academy of Forensic Sciences Annual Meeting, Denver, CO, pp. 326– 237.
  • Lamendin, H., Baccino, E., Humbert, J. F., Tavernier, J. C., Nossintchouk, R. M. ve Zerille, A. (1992). A simple technique for age estimation in adult corpses: the two criteria dental method. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 37, 1373 – 1379.
  • Langley-Shirley, N. ve Jantz R. L. (2010). A Bayesian approach to age estimation in modern Americans from the clavicle. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 55(3), 571 – 583.
  • Lovejoy, C.O. (1985). Dental wear in the Libben population: its functional pattern and role in the determination of adult skeletal age at death. Am J Phys Anthropol, 68(1), 47-56.
  • Lovejoy, C. O., Meindl, R. S., Pryzbeck, T. R. ve Mensforth, R. P. (1985b). Chronological metamorphosis of the auricular surface of the ilium: a new method for the determination of adult skeletal age at death. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 68, 15 – 28.
  • Lynnerup, N., Thomsen, J. L. ve Frolich, B. (1998). Intra- and inter-observer variation in histological criteria used in age at death determination based on femoral cortical bone. Forensic Science International, 91, 219 – 230.
  • Masset, C. (1989). “Age estimation on the basis of cranial sutures”. Age Markers in the Human Skeleton. M. Y. İşcan (ed.), pp. 71-103, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL
  • Meindl, R. S. ve Lovejoy, C. O. (1985). Ectocranial suture closure: a revised method for the determination of skeletal age at death based on the lateral anterior sutures. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 68, 57 – 66.
  • McKern, T. W. ve Stewart, T. D (1957). Skeletal Age Changes in Young American Males Analysed from the Standpoint of Age Identification. Technical Report EP-45, Quartermaster Research and Development Command, Natick, MA.
  • Moorrees, C. F. A., Fanning, E. A. ve Hunt, E. E. (1963a). Formation and restoration of three deciduous teeth in children. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 21, 205 – 213.
  • Moorrees, C. F. A., Fanning, E. A. ve Hunt, E. E. (1963b) Age variation of formation stages for ten permanent teeth. Journal of Dental Research, 42(6), 1490 – 1502.
  • Mulhern, D. M. ve Jones, E. B. (2005). Test of revised method of age estimation from the auricular surface of the ilium. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 126, 61 – 65.
  • Murphy, T. (1959). Gradients of dentin exposure in human molar tooth attrition. Am J Phys Anthropol 17, 179-86.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Anthropology
Other ID JA82MH34PT
Journal Section Review Articles
Authors

Deren Çeker

Publication Date June 30, 2018
Submission Date April 2, 2018
Acceptance Date May 9, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 35

Cite

APA Çeker, D. (2018). Adli antropolojide yaş tahmini metodları. Antropoloji(35), 35-54. https://doi.org/10.1501/antro_0000000352

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