Magnitude of Environmentally Induced Migration: A Study on Developed and Developing Countries

Year 2020, Issue: 39, 123 - 128, 29.06.2020

Md Moynul Ahsan , Nehir Varol

https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.694151

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Although the environmental migrations has become a triggering factor nowadays as the result of climate change effects, the issue of migration is still controversial for the international poltics. It is estimated that by 2050 one in every 45 people in the world will be displaced by the impact of climate change. More than 143 million (around 2,8%) internal climate migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America could be forced to move within their own countries to escape the slow-onset disasters by the 2050. Therefore, it becomes a responsibility at the international level, however there is no concrete international law to protect the environmentally induced migrants. As both developed and developing countries are facing huge challenges they should, therefore, portray its urgency, depth and coordinated framework for addressing challenges with “hotspot”s to reduce their vulnerability to the impacts of environmental disasters and manage the risks. This paper tries to explain how big the problem is, what international liability lies on developed and developing countries in reducing risk, and the problems of environmentally induced migrants.

Keywords

Environmental migration, international environmental responsibility, adaptation to climate change

Çevreden Kaynaklanan Göçün Boyutu: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Günümüzde iklim değişikliğinin etkileri sonucu tetiklenen çevresel göçler, yoğun olarak yaşanmasına rağmen, uluslararası politikalar açısından hala tartışmalı bir konu olmaya devam etmektedir. Dünyada her 45 kişiden birinin 2050 yılına kadar iklim değişikliği nedeniyle yer değiştirme zorunda kalacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Dünya Bankası’nın son yayımlanan raporunda, Sahra altı Afrika, Güney Asya ve Latin Amerika’daki 143 milyondan fazla (yaklaşık %2,8) vatandaşın 2050 yılına kadar iklim değişikliğinin etkilerinden kaçmak için kendi ülkeleri içerisinde yer değiştirmek zorunda kalacakları belirtilmektedir. Bu durum bile iklim değişikliklerinden kaynaklanan göçün küresel bağlamda bir problem haline geldiğinin bir göstergesidir. Ancak halen, çevre kaynaklı göçmenleri korumak için somut uluslararası bir yasa yoktur. Gelişmekte olan ve gelişmiş ülkeler bu problemden dolayı büyük zorluklarla karşı karşıya olduğundan dolayı, çevresel afetlerin etkilerine karşı “sıcak noktaların” kırılganlıklarını azaltmak ve riski yönetmek için acil, kapsamlı bir çerçeve planı geliştirilmelidir. Bu makale ile sorunun ne kadar büyük olduğu ortaya koyulmakta, gelişmiş ve az gelişmiş ülkelerde çevrekaynaklı göçmenlerin risklerini, sorunlarını azaltmada uluslararası sorumluluğun önemine vurgu yapılmaktadır.

Keywords

Çevresel göç, uluslararası çevresel sorumluluk, iklim değişikliğine uyum

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