An evaluation of the construction and formation process of the “Islamic Art” image

Year 2023, Issue: 47, 16 - 25, 31.12.2023

Oytun Doğan

https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.1317817

Abstract

Islamic art, as an indicator, defined art productions determined by religious and geographical limitations. Islamic works of art, in general terms, are the productions of societies governed under the rule of sharia. This situation aims to name and give meaning to the perspective of the definer and the society in which the definition takes place. Art, as a branch of science in the West, has built its development on secular thought. For this reason, the canon knowledge of art was formed by the stylistic changes that Western society experienced culturally and politically. Islamic art, like all non-Western societies’ art research, began on the basis of ethnographic research. In this context, research objects were seen as cultural production, not as works of art. For this reason, Islamic art experts have become experts in anthropology, religion and political history, as well as art history. The research will evaluate the problems caused by the inclusiveness of Islamic art, which has become socialized with this orientation, by examining the formation of the Islamic art image. In this analysis, it is aimed to reveal the ideological background of the image of Islamic art, which has developed as a unifying term by ignoring differences. The research is limited to evaluating Islamic art as an indicator in the knowledge construction process carried out by Western museums on Islamic societies.

Keywords

Islamic art, anthropology, cultural studies, postcolonialism, Middle East

“İslam sanatı” imgesinin inşası ve oluşum süreci hakkında bir değerlendirme

Abstract

İslam sanatı, bir gösterge olarak dini ve coğrafi sınırlamalarla belirlenen sanat üretimlerini tanımlamıştır. İslam sanat eserleri genel bir tanımlamayla şeriat hükmü altında yönetilen toplumların üretimleri olmuştur. Bu durum, tanımlayanının bakış açısını ve tanımlamanın gerçekleştiği toplumu adlandırma ve anlamlandırma amacı taşımıştır. Sanat, Batı’da bir bilim dalı olarak gelişimini seküler düşünce üzerinden inşa etmiştir. Bu nedenle sanatın kanon bilgisi Batı toplumunun kültürel ve siyasal olarak kendi içinde yaşadığı üslup değişimleriyle oluşmuştur. İslam sanatı, tüm Batı dışı toplumların sanat araştırmalarında olduğu gibi etnografya araştırmaları temelinde başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırma nesneleri sanat eseri olarak değil bir kültürel üretim olarak görülmüştür. Bundan dolayı İslam sanat uzmanları sanat tarihi dışında antropoloji, din ve siyasi tarihte de uzman kişiler olmuştur. Araştırma bu yönelimle toplumsallaşan İslam sanatının kapsayıcılığının yol açtığı problemleri İslam sanat imgesinin oluşumunun incelenmesiyle değerlendirecektir. Bu incelemede, farklılıkların göz ardı edilerek tekleştirici bir terim olarak gelişen İslam sanatı imgesinin ideolojik arka planının ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, Batılı müzelerin İslam toplumları üzerine gerçekleştirdikleri bilgi inşa sürecinde İslam sanatının bir gösterge olarak değerlendirilmesiyle sınırlandırılmıştır.

Keywords

İslam sanatı, antropoloji, kültürel çalışmalar, postkolonyalizm, Orta Doğu

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