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Günlük fiziksel aktivitelerin alt ekstremite üzerindeki biyomekanik etkileri

Year 2015, , 85 - 90, 19.03.2015
https://doi.org/10.3944/AOTT.2015.3180

Abstract

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Amaç: Bu çalışmada gündelik fiziksel aktivitelerin başında gelen oturup kalkma, çömelip kalkma ve basamak çıkma hareketleri esnasında alt ekstremite eklemlerinde oluşan momentlerin harici bir aparat kullanmadan tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Çalışma planı: Çalışmaya 26 yaşında fiziksel herhangi bir sorunu olmayan sağlıklı bir erkek birey katıldı.

Bireyin antropometrik özelliklerine uygun olarak oluşturulan eklem-uzuv modeli, eklem momentlerinin hesaplanacağı MATLAB yazılımına aktarıldı. Bu işlem için SimMechanics yazılımı kullanıldı.

Birey, hareketleri (20 cm ve 40 cm yükseklikten oturup kalkma, yere çömelip kalkma, 10 cm ve 20 cm yükseklikteki basamaklara çıkma) gerçekleştirirken görüntüler tek bir dijital kamera ile izlendi ve sayısallaştırma işlemi yapılarak eklemlere ait konum verileri elde edildi. Ayrıca eklem uzuv modelinin doğruluğunu test etmek amacıyla dikey yöndeki yer tepki kuvvetleri kuvvet platformu aracılığıyla ölçüldü.

Yapılan benzetim işlemi sonucunda alt ekstremite eklemlerinde meydana gelen momentler hesaplandı.

Bulgular: Elde edilen veriler incelendiğinde en büyük eklem momentlerinin diz ekleminde oluştuğu görülmektedir. Diz ve ayak bileği eklemlerini en çok zorlayan hareket, 20 cm yükseklikteki basamağa çıkış hareketidir. Bu hareket sırasında diz eklemi ve ayak bileğinde oluşan en büyük momentler sırasıyla 157.2 Nm ve 146 Nm olarak hesaplanmıştır. Oturuş yüksekliği artınca diz eklemi ve ayak bileğindeki momentlerin arttığı anlaşılmaktadır. Hareketler esnasında en az zorlanan eklemin kalça eklemi olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Çıkarımlar: Bulgular, diz ekleminin ekstansiyon ve fileksiyon hareketleri sırasında oluşan yüksek momentleri taşıyabilecek nitelikte olduğunu açıklamaktadır. Eklem-uzuv modeli ve MATLAB yazılımında ters dinamik yöntem kullanılarak yapılan benzetim işlemi, eklem momentlerinin hesaplanmasında başarılı sonuçlar ortaya koymuştur. Çalışmanın en büyük sınırlılığı tek bir deneğin hareketlerinin incelenmesidir.

Bu çalışma eklem momentlerinin uzuvlar üzerine takılan harici bir aparat kullanılmadan başarılı bir şekilde hesaplanabileceğini göstermiştir. Elde edilen veriler; protez, ortez tasarımlarında vekemiklere yönelik yapısal analizlerde kullanılabilir.

References

  • Oçgüder A, Gök H, Heycan C, Tecimel O, Tönük E, Boz- kurt M. Effects of custom-made insole on gait pattern of patients with unilateral displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture: evaluation with computerized gait analysis. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2012;46:1-7.
  • Jamshidi N, Rostami M, Najarian S, Menhaj MB, Saadat- nia M, Firooz S. Modelling of human walking to optimise the function of ankle-foot orthosis in Guillan-Barré pa- tients with drop foot. Singapore Med J 2009;50:412-7.
  • Mavrikios D, Karabatsou V, Alexopoulos K, Pappas M, Gogos P, Chryssolouris G. An approach to human motion analysis and modelling. Int J Ind Ergonom 2006;36:979-89.
  • Hubbard M, Hibbard RL, Yeadon MR, Komor A. A mul- tisegment dynamic model of ski jumping. International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 1989;5:258-74.
  • Cavanagh PR, Lafortune MA. Ground reaction forces in distance running. J Biomech 1980;13:397-406.
  • Daumas B, Xu WL, Bronlund J. Jaw mechanism modelling and simulation. Mech Machine Theor 2005;40:821-33.
  • Winder SB, Esposito JM. Modeling and control of an upper- body exoskeleton. 40th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory; 2008 March 16-18; New Orleans, USA. p. 263-8.
  • Winter DA. Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. 2nd edition. Canada: John Wiley & Sons; 1990.
  • Deighan MA, Nevill AM, Maffulli N, Cheng JC, Gleeson N. Evaluation of knee peak torque in athletic and seden- tary children. [Article in Turkish] Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2009;43:484-90.
  • Vaughan CL, Davis BL, O’Connor JC. Dynamics of Human Gait. 2nd edition. Cape Town: Kiboho Publishers; 1999.
  • Silva MP, Ambrósio JA. Kinematic data consistency in the inverse dynamic analysis of biomechanical systems. Multi- body Sys Dyn 2002;8:219-39.
  • Chandler RF, Clauser CE, McConville JT, Reynolds HM, Young JW. Investigation of Inertial Properties of The Hu- man Body. Washington, D.C: Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory; 1975. p. 1-162.
  • Robertson DG, Caldwell GE, Hamill J, Kamen G, Whit- tlesey SN. Research Methods in Biomechanics. USA: Hu- man Kinetics; 2004.
  • Solidworks. Vélizy-Villacoublay, France: Dassault Sys- tèmes; 2010.
  • SimMechanics™ User’s Guide. Natick, MA, USA: The MathWorks Inc.; 2008.
  • MATLAB® 7.6.0. Natick, MA, USA: The MathWorks Inc.; 2008.
  • Gourgoulis V, Aggeloussis N, Kalivas V, Antoniou P, Ma- vromatis G. Snatch lift kinematics and bar energetics in male adolescent and adult weightlifters. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2004;44:126-31.
  • Janssen WG, Bussmann HB, Stam HJ. Determinants of the sit-to-stand movement: a review. Phys Ther 2002;82:866-79.
  • Mak MK, Levin O, Mizrahi J, Hui-Chan CW. Joint torques during sit-to-stand in healthy subjects and people with Parkinson’s disease. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2003;18:197-206.

Biomechanical effects of daily physical activities on the lower limb

Year 2015, , 85 - 90, 19.03.2015
https://doi.org/10.3944/AOTT.2015.3180

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the joint torques on the lower extremity during the daily physical activity movements of sit-to-stand, crouch down-stand up, and stair climbing without using an external device.

Methods: The study subject was a healthy 26-year-old male without any physical problems. A linksegment model was prepared according to the subject’s individual anthropometric characteristics and transferred to the MATLAB® program. Joint torques were calculated using SimMechanics™ software.

Motions were recorded by one digital video camera as the subject performed the movements (sit-tostand from 20 cm and 40 cm height, crouch down-stand up, and climbing 10 cm and 20 cm high step) and the joint’s position data was obtained using a digitization process. In addition, the vertical ground reaction forces were measured using a force plate in order to test the accuracy of the link-segment model. Lower extremity joint torques were calculated.

Results: Maximum joint torques occurred in the knee joint. The knee and the ankle joints were the most loaded joint during the high step movement. The highest torques of the knee and ankle joint were 157.2 Nm and 146 Nm, respectively, during the movements. Knee joint torque and the ankle joint torque increased when the sitting height increased. The hip joint experienced the least amount of load during the movements.

Conclusion: The knee joint has enough strength against high torques during extension and flexion movement. Joint torques can be successfully calculated using a simulation process involving an inverse dynamics method without an external device mounted on the limbs. The obtained data can be used in the design of prosthetics and orthotics and for structural analysis of the bones.

References

  • Oçgüder A, Gök H, Heycan C, Tecimel O, Tönük E, Boz- kurt M. Effects of custom-made insole on gait pattern of patients with unilateral displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture: evaluation with computerized gait analysis. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2012;46:1-7.
  • Jamshidi N, Rostami M, Najarian S, Menhaj MB, Saadat- nia M, Firooz S. Modelling of human walking to optimise the function of ankle-foot orthosis in Guillan-Barré pa- tients with drop foot. Singapore Med J 2009;50:412-7.
  • Mavrikios D, Karabatsou V, Alexopoulos K, Pappas M, Gogos P, Chryssolouris G. An approach to human motion analysis and modelling. Int J Ind Ergonom 2006;36:979-89.
  • Hubbard M, Hibbard RL, Yeadon MR, Komor A. A mul- tisegment dynamic model of ski jumping. International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 1989;5:258-74.
  • Cavanagh PR, Lafortune MA. Ground reaction forces in distance running. J Biomech 1980;13:397-406.
  • Daumas B, Xu WL, Bronlund J. Jaw mechanism modelling and simulation. Mech Machine Theor 2005;40:821-33.
  • Winder SB, Esposito JM. Modeling and control of an upper- body exoskeleton. 40th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory; 2008 March 16-18; New Orleans, USA. p. 263-8.
  • Winter DA. Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. 2nd edition. Canada: John Wiley & Sons; 1990.
  • Deighan MA, Nevill AM, Maffulli N, Cheng JC, Gleeson N. Evaluation of knee peak torque in athletic and seden- tary children. [Article in Turkish] Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2009;43:484-90.
  • Vaughan CL, Davis BL, O’Connor JC. Dynamics of Human Gait. 2nd edition. Cape Town: Kiboho Publishers; 1999.
  • Silva MP, Ambrósio JA. Kinematic data consistency in the inverse dynamic analysis of biomechanical systems. Multi- body Sys Dyn 2002;8:219-39.
  • Chandler RF, Clauser CE, McConville JT, Reynolds HM, Young JW. Investigation of Inertial Properties of The Hu- man Body. Washington, D.C: Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory; 1975. p. 1-162.
  • Robertson DG, Caldwell GE, Hamill J, Kamen G, Whit- tlesey SN. Research Methods in Biomechanics. USA: Hu- man Kinetics; 2004.
  • Solidworks. Vélizy-Villacoublay, France: Dassault Sys- tèmes; 2010.
  • SimMechanics™ User’s Guide. Natick, MA, USA: The MathWorks Inc.; 2008.
  • MATLAB® 7.6.0. Natick, MA, USA: The MathWorks Inc.; 2008.
  • Gourgoulis V, Aggeloussis N, Kalivas V, Antoniou P, Ma- vromatis G. Snatch lift kinematics and bar energetics in male adolescent and adult weightlifters. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2004;44:126-31.
  • Janssen WG, Bussmann HB, Stam HJ. Determinants of the sit-to-stand movement: a review. Phys Ther 2002;82:866-79.
  • Mak MK, Levin O, Mizrahi J, Hui-Chan CW. Joint torques during sit-to-stand in healthy subjects and people with Parkinson’s disease. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2003;18:197-206.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Experimental Study
Authors

Kasım Serbest This is me

Murat Cilli This is me

Osman Eldogan This is me

Publication Date March 19, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015

Cite

APA Serbest, K., Cilli, M., & Eldogan, O. (2015). Biomechanical effects of daily physical activities on the lower limb. Acta Orthopaedica Et Traumatologica Turcica, 49(1), 85-90. https://doi.org/10.3944/AOTT.2015.3180
AMA Serbest K, Cilli M, Eldogan O. Biomechanical effects of daily physical activities on the lower limb. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica. March 2015;49(1):85-90. doi:10.3944/AOTT.2015.3180
Chicago Serbest, Kasım, Murat Cilli, and Osman Eldogan. “Biomechanical Effects of Daily Physical Activities on the Lower Limb”. Acta Orthopaedica Et Traumatologica Turcica 49, no. 1 (March 2015): 85-90. https://doi.org/10.3944/AOTT.2015.3180.
EndNote Serbest K, Cilli M, Eldogan O (March 1, 2015) Biomechanical effects of daily physical activities on the lower limb. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica 49 1 85–90.
IEEE K. Serbest, M. Cilli, and O. Eldogan, “Biomechanical effects of daily physical activities on the lower limb”, Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 85–90, 2015, doi: 10.3944/AOTT.2015.3180.
ISNAD Serbest, Kasım et al. “Biomechanical Effects of Daily Physical Activities on the Lower Limb”. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica 49/1 (March 2015), 85-90. https://doi.org/10.3944/AOTT.2015.3180.
JAMA Serbest K, Cilli M, Eldogan O. Biomechanical effects of daily physical activities on the lower limb. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica. 2015;49:85–90.
MLA Serbest, Kasım et al. “Biomechanical Effects of Daily Physical Activities on the Lower Limb”. Acta Orthopaedica Et Traumatologica Turcica, vol. 49, no. 1, 2015, pp. 85-90, doi:10.3944/AOTT.2015.3180.
Vancouver Serbest K, Cilli M, Eldogan O. Biomechanical effects of daily physical activities on the lower limb. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica. 2015;49(1):85-90.