“Biraderler Rejimi”nden “Zorba Biraderin Rejimi”ne: Otoriter Sağ Popülizm, Liberal Demokrasi ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet

Year 2023, , 289 - 314, 13.06.2023

Seda Demiralp , Feyda Sayan-cengiz

https://doi.org/10.53376/ap.2023.11

Abstract

Otoriter sağ popülizmin yükselişinde, anti-feminist ve reaksiyoner söylem ve politikaların etkili olduğu, sağ popülist liderlerin siyasi iletişim ve üsluplarında da erkeklik vurgusunun yoğunluğu, popülizme toplumsal cinsiyet perspektifinden bakan araştırmacıların sıklıkla vurguladığı bir nokta olagelmiştir. Bu çalışma, otoriter sağ popülist liderlerin, liberal demokrasiye itiraz ederken, neden agresif bir maskülinist söylemi merkeze aldığı sorusuna yanıt aramaktadır. Otoriter sağ popülizm, liberal demokrasinin temsil ve çoğulculuk anlayışına karşı çıkarken nasıl bir toplumsal cinsiyet tahayyülüyle hareket etmektedir? Bu soruya yanıt ararken, feminist teorinin liberal demokrasi eleştirisinden ve analitik bir araç olarak aile metaforundan, özellikle de “kardeşler arası ilişkiler” metaforundan yararlanıyoruz. Çalışmada, otoriter sağ popülizmin, halkı homojen bir yapı olarak, lideri ise halk ile yekvücut olarak kurgulayışına odaklanıyor ve farklılıklara karşı takınılan agresif tavrın temelindeki toplumsal cinsiyet tahayyüllerinin analizini sunuyoruz.

Keywords

Popülizm, Erkeklik, Feminist Eleştiri, Çoğunlukçuluk

From the “Regime of The Brothers” to the “Regime of the Tyrant Brother”: Authoritarian Right-Wing Populism, Liberal Democracy and Gender

Abstract

Researchers of populism have long noted the anti-feminist and reactionary discourses of authoritarian right-wing populist leaders, along with their aggressively masculine political performances. This study attempts to answer the following questions: Why do authoritarian right-wing populist leaders ground their objections to liberal democracy on a masculinist discourse? What kind of gendered imaginations do they act upon while attacking liberal democratic understanding of representation and pluralism? In order to answer these questions, we employ feminist theory’s critique of liberal democracy, and metaphors of family, particularly of relations between siblings, as an analytical tool. By focusing on the authoritarian right-wing populism’s construct of “the people” as a homogeneous entity, and the leader as the embodiment of that entity, we analyse the gendered imaginations that underlie the populists’ aggressive attitudes concerning plurality and difference.

Keywords

Populism, Masculinity, Feminist Critique, Majoritarianism

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