Terörizm Araştırmalarında Devlet Merkezliliğin Bir Sonucu Olarak Devlet Terörizmine Yönelik Sessizlikler

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 106 - 141, 28.02.2022

Ömer Çona

https://doi.org/10.53376/ap.2022.04

Abstract

Bu çalışmada geleneksel terörizm çalışmalarının epistemolojik, ontolojik ve metodolojik yaklaşımlarına eleştirel bir analiz getirilerek, terörizm araştırmalarında devlet terörizmi konusuna yönelik noksanlıkların nedenlerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Makalede araştırmacıların devlet terörizmini görmezden gelerek, devlet dışı aktörlerden kaynaklanan şiddete odaklanmasının gerekçesinin devlet merkezli tutum olduğu, bu tutumun da altı nedenden kaynaklandığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışmada bunlar şu şekilde ortaya konulmuştur; terörizm çalışmalarının ortaya çıkış süreci, geleneksel güvenlik çalışmalarının etkisi, araştırmacıların tarafsızlık sorunları, meseleye yönelik problem çözücü yaklaşımlar, şiddetin meşruluğu üzerine devlet ile devlet dışı aktör ayrışması ve akademik özgürlüklerin sınırlılığı. Bu bağlamda ana akım terörizm araştırmalarına tepki olarak doğan Eleştirel Terörizm Çalışmaları’nın disiplindeki ortodoksiye ilişkin yaklaşımları temel alınarak, okuyucuya bir literatür analizi sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Devlet Terörizmi, Devlet Dışı Aktörler, Eleştirel Terörizm Çalışmaları, Geleneksel Terörizm Araştırmaları, Devlet Merkezlilik

Silence Against State Terrorism as a Result of State Centrism in Terrorism Research

Abstract

In this study, it is aimed to determine the reasons for the deficiencies in the subject of state terrorism in terrorism research by bringing a critical analysis to the epistemological, ontological and methodological approaches of traditional terrorism studies. In the article, it is concluded that the reason for the researchers to ignore state terrorism and focus on violence originating from non-state actors is the state-centered attitude, and this attitude stems from six reasons. In the study, these were revealed as follows; The emergence process of terrorism studies, the effect of traditional security studies, the impartiality problems of researchers, problem-solving approaches to the issue, the separation of state and non-state actors on the legitimacy of violence, and the limitation of academic freedoms. In this context, it is aimed to present a literature analysis to the reader, based on the approaches to orthodoxy in the discipline of Critical Terrorism Studies, which emerged as a reaction to mainstream terrorism studies.

Keywords

State Terrorism, Non-State Actors, Critical Terrorism Studies, Traditional Terrorism Studies, State Centrism

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