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ANTİKÇAĞ’DA BİR GERMEN HALKI: SUEVİLER (SUEBİLER)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 161 - 182, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.46931/aran.1414007

Öz

Sueviler ya da bir diğer adlandırma ile Suebiler, kökenleri oldukça eski olan Germen kavimlerinden biridir. Germania olarak adlandırılan geniş coğrafyanın siyasal ve kültürel gelişiminde önemli bir role sahip olmuşlardır. İlk ortaya çıktıkları bölge olarak Elbe Nehri ve çevresi bilinmektedir. Erken Roma Dönemi’nde Marcomanni, Quadi, Hermunduri, Semnone ve Lombard gibi kendi adlarına sahip birçok halkı bünyesinde barındıran Germen kavimlerinin içinden daha sonra Alemanniler ve Bavyeralılar gibi yeni gruplar ortaya çıkmış, göç döneminde ise Suevi adı adeta tek tanımlayıcı Germen halkı halini almıştır. Bu halkın kökeni ile ilgili Antikçağ yazarlarının zaman zaman birbiriyle paralel, zaman zaman da birbiriyle uyuşmayan tanımlamaları görülmektedir. M.Ö. I. yüzyılda bu halk ile ilgili ilk bilgiler mevcuttur. Bu dönemden M.S. VI. yüzyıla kadar bu halkın ismine rastlamak mümkündür. Bu halk yalnızca Germania topraklarında hüküm sürmekle kalmamış ilerleyen süreç içerisinde Hispania’ya göç ederek bu coğrafyada da varlığını sürdürmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • Amm. Ammianus Marcelinus = Ammianus Marcelinus. Rerum Gestarum, Trans. John C. Rolfe, London, 1935-1940.
  • Aurel. Aurelius Victor, Epitome de Caesaribus, Trans. Thomas M. Banchich, New York, 2009.
  • Caes. Caesar = Caesar. Gallic War, Trans. W.A. McDevitte, W.S. Bohn, New York, 1869.
  • Cass. Dio. Cassius Dio = Dio’s Rome, e-book, Vol.3, Trans. Herbert Baldwin Foster, 2003.
  • Claud. Claudianus = Claudian, The War Against Eutropius, Vol. I, Trans. Maurice Platnauer, London, 1922.
  • Eut. Eutropius = Eutropius, Breviarium, Trans. H.W. Bird, Liverpool, 2011.
  • Flor. Florus = Lucius Annaeus Florus, Epitome of Roman History, Trans. Edward Seymour Forster, London, 1929.
  • Gregory of Tours Gregory of Tours, The History of the Franks, Trans. Lewis Thorpe, London, 1974.
  • Iord. Iordanes, Romana and Getica, Trans. Peter Van Nuffelen, Lieve Van Hoof, Liverpool, 2020.
  • Oros. Orosius = Orosius, History Against The Pagans, VI-VII, Trans. Irwing W. Raymond, New York, 1936.
  • Paul De Deacon Paul De Deacon, History of the Langobards, Trans. William Dudley Foulke, Philadelphia, 1907.
  • Plin. Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, Trans. John Bostock, F.R.S.H.T. Riley, London, 1855.
  • Plut. Caes. Plutharkhos, Caesar, Trans. Bernadotte Perrin, London, 1919.
  • Pomp. Mela Pomponius Mela, Description of the World, Trans. Frank E. Romer, Michigan, 1998.
  • Proc. Procopius, History Of The Wars: The Gothic War, Vol. V, Trans. H.B. Dewing, London, 1919.
  • Sid. Sidonis, Poems and Letters, Books I-II, Trans. W. B. Anderson, London, 1936.
  • Soz. Sozomenus, Ecclesiastical History, Trans. Edward Walford, London, 1855.
  • Strab. Strabo, Geography, Trans. H.L. Jones, London, 1924.
  • Suet. Suetonius, Tranquillus, The Life of Augustus, Trans. J.C. Rolfe, Cambridge, 1914. Tac. Ger. Tacitus, Germania, Çev. Mine Sarucan, İstanbul, 2016.
  • Tac. Ann. Tacitus, The Annals, Trans. Alfred Jhon Church and William Jackson Brodribb, New York, 1942.
  • Tac. His. Tacitus, The History, Trans. Alfred Jhon Church and William Jackson Brodribb, New York, 1942.
  • Scr. Hist. Aug. Anonymous, The Scriptores Historiae Augustae, Vol. III, Trans. David Magie, London, 1932.
  • Vel. Velleius, Paterculus, Compendium of Roman History, Trans. Frederick W. Shipley, London, 1924.
  • Zos. Zosimus, Nova Historia, Trans. W. Green, T. Chaplin, London, 1814.

A Germanic People in Antiqıity: Suevians (Suebians)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 161 - 182, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.46931/aran.1414007

Öz

The Suevis, or Suebis as they are also called, are one of the Germanic tribes with ancient origins. They had an important role in the political and cultural development of the vast geography called Germania. The Elbe River and its surroundings are known as the region where they first appeared. In the Early Roman period, the Germen tribes, which included many people with their own names such as Marcomanni, Quadi, Hermunduri, Semnone and Lombard in the Early Roman period, later emerged new groups such as Alemannis and Bavarians, and during the migration period, the name Suevi became almost the only descriptive Germanic people. The ancient authors’ descriptions of the origin of this people are sometimes parallel and sometimes incompatible with each other. The first information about this people is available in the first century BC. It is possible to find the name of this people from this period until the VI century AD. These people not only ruled in Germania, but also migrated to Hisapania and continued their existence in this geography.

Kaynakça

  • Amm. Ammianus Marcelinus = Ammianus Marcelinus. Rerum Gestarum, Trans. John C. Rolfe, London, 1935-1940.
  • Aurel. Aurelius Victor, Epitome de Caesaribus, Trans. Thomas M. Banchich, New York, 2009.
  • Caes. Caesar = Caesar. Gallic War, Trans. W.A. McDevitte, W.S. Bohn, New York, 1869.
  • Cass. Dio. Cassius Dio = Dio’s Rome, e-book, Vol.3, Trans. Herbert Baldwin Foster, 2003.
  • Claud. Claudianus = Claudian, The War Against Eutropius, Vol. I, Trans. Maurice Platnauer, London, 1922.
  • Eut. Eutropius = Eutropius, Breviarium, Trans. H.W. Bird, Liverpool, 2011.
  • Flor. Florus = Lucius Annaeus Florus, Epitome of Roman History, Trans. Edward Seymour Forster, London, 1929.
  • Gregory of Tours Gregory of Tours, The History of the Franks, Trans. Lewis Thorpe, London, 1974.
  • Iord. Iordanes, Romana and Getica, Trans. Peter Van Nuffelen, Lieve Van Hoof, Liverpool, 2020.
  • Oros. Orosius = Orosius, History Against The Pagans, VI-VII, Trans. Irwing W. Raymond, New York, 1936.
  • Paul De Deacon Paul De Deacon, History of the Langobards, Trans. William Dudley Foulke, Philadelphia, 1907.
  • Plin. Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, Trans. John Bostock, F.R.S.H.T. Riley, London, 1855.
  • Plut. Caes. Plutharkhos, Caesar, Trans. Bernadotte Perrin, London, 1919.
  • Pomp. Mela Pomponius Mela, Description of the World, Trans. Frank E. Romer, Michigan, 1998.
  • Proc. Procopius, History Of The Wars: The Gothic War, Vol. V, Trans. H.B. Dewing, London, 1919.
  • Sid. Sidonis, Poems and Letters, Books I-II, Trans. W. B. Anderson, London, 1936.
  • Soz. Sozomenus, Ecclesiastical History, Trans. Edward Walford, London, 1855.
  • Strab. Strabo, Geography, Trans. H.L. Jones, London, 1924.
  • Suet. Suetonius, Tranquillus, The Life of Augustus, Trans. J.C. Rolfe, Cambridge, 1914. Tac. Ger. Tacitus, Germania, Çev. Mine Sarucan, İstanbul, 2016.
  • Tac. Ann. Tacitus, The Annals, Trans. Alfred Jhon Church and William Jackson Brodribb, New York, 1942.
  • Tac. His. Tacitus, The History, Trans. Alfred Jhon Church and William Jackson Brodribb, New York, 1942.
  • Scr. Hist. Aug. Anonymous, The Scriptores Historiae Augustae, Vol. III, Trans. David Magie, London, 1932.
  • Vel. Velleius, Paterculus, Compendium of Roman History, Trans. Frederick W. Shipley, London, 1924.
  • Zos. Zosimus, Nova Historia, Trans. W. Green, T. Chaplin, London, 1814.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Eski Yunan ve Roma Tarihi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Rahim Kızgut 0000-0001-8898-1859

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 28 Haziran 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Ocak 2024
Kabul Tarihi 2 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Kızgut, Rahim. “ANTİKÇAĞ’DA BİR GERMEN HALKI: SUEVİLER (SUEBİLER)”. Archivum Anatolicum-Anadolu Arşivleri 18, sy. 1 (Haziran 2024): 161-82. https://doi.org/10.46931/aran.1414007.