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THE VALIDITY PROBLEM OF PURCHASING POWER PARITY IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE: A TIME SERIES ANALYSIS FOR TURKEY

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 17 - 30, 02.04.2018

Abstract

Hypothesis of purchasing power parity basically depends on the presumption of unique price in international trade. The price of a good is the same all over the world when it is converted to a common currency. In other words, one unit of national currency has the same purchasing power everywhere in the world. The other form of purchasing power parity (PPP) does not depend on the assumption of unique price, instead it is based on the argument that exchange rates changes by the amount of differences in inflations of the involved countries. In this article, the validities of these two forms of PPP for Turkey have been evaluated by imposing time series applications on the quarterly data for the period of 1986Q1-2017Q4. For the sake of 2001 economic crisis, the sample period has been divided into two subperiods; 1986Q1-2001Q3 and 2001Q4-2017Q4. The unit root and cointegration tests have been applied to both of the subperiods. The statistical evidence supporting the absolute form of PPP could not have been gained. On the other hand, for both of the subperiods, the validity of relative version of PPP has been approved by the application results

References

  • Adler, M and Lehman, B.1983 “Deviations from Purchasing Power Parity in the Long Run.” Journal of Finance, 38, (1983): 1471-1487.
  • Alba, J.D. and Park, D. 2005 “An Empirical Investigation of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for Turkey. Journal of Policy Modelling”, 27, 989-1000.
  • Ardeni, P. G. and Lubian, D. 1991 “Is There Trend Reversion in Purchasing Power Parity?” European Economic Review, 35, 1035- 1055.
  • Aslan, N.ve Kanbur, N. 2007 “Türkiye’de 1980 Sonrası Satın Alma Gücü Paritesi Yaklaşımı”, Marmara Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 23(2), 9-43.
  • Balassa Bela 1964 “The Purchasing Power Parity Doctrine: A Reappraisal” The Journal of Political Economy 72: 584-596.
  • Bayoumi T., P. Clark, S. Symansky ve M. Taylor 1994 “The Robustness of Equilibirium Exchange Rate clculations to Alternative Assumptions and Methodologies” içinde John Williamson (ed.), Estimating Equilibrium Exchange Rates (Washington D.C. :Institute for International Economics)
  • Cassel, G. 1921 The World's Monetary Problems, London: Constable
  • Corbae Dean ve Ouliaris Sam 1988 “Cointegration and Tests of Purchasing Power Parity” The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol: 70, 508-511.
  • Doğanlar Murat 1999 “Testing long-run validity of purchasing power parity for Asian countries” Applied Economics Letters, No:6, 147-151.
  • Doğanlar M. ve Özmen M. 2000 “Satınalma Gücü Paritesi ve Reel Döviz Kurları: Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler Üzerine Bir İnceleme” İMKB Dergisi.
  • Dornbusch, Rudiger 1985 “Purchasing Power Parity” NBER Working Paper, No: 1591
  • Dornbusch, Rudiger 1988 “Purchasing Power Parity” R. Dornbusch (ed.) Exchange Rates and Inflation, MIT Press, Londra, 265-292
  • Enders, Walter. 1988 “ARIMA and cointegration tests of PPP under fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes” Review of Economics and Statistics 70:504-8.
  • Enders, W. and Granger, C.W.J. 1998 “Unit-Root Tests and Asymmetric Adjustment with an Example Using the Term Structure of Interest Rates” Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 16(3), 304–311.
  • Frenkel J. A. ve M. Goldstein 1986 “A Guide to Target Zones” IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 33 No:4, 633-673.
  • Hakkio, C. S. 1992 Is Purchasing Power Parity a Useful Guide to the Dollar?. Economic ReviewFederal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 77(3), 37-51.
  • Johansen, S. (1991): “Estimation and hythtesisi Testing of Cointegrating vectors in Gauissian vectors autoreggessive models”, Econometrica, 59, 1551-80
  • Kim, Yoonbai, 1990 "Purchasing Power Parity in the Long Run: A Cointegration Approach," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 22(4), 491-503, November.
  • Kugler, P. and Lenz, C.1993 “Multivariate Cointegration Analysis and the Long-Run Validity of PPP.” Review of Economics and Statistics, 75, 180-184.
  • Liu, P. C. (1992) "Purchasing Power Parity in Latin America: A Cointegration Analysis", Welwirtschaftliches Archive, 28,662-79.
  • MacDonald, R.1993 “Long-Run Purchasing Power Parity: Is It for Real?” Review of Economics and Statistics, 75, 690-695.
  • Mussa Michael L. 1990 “Exchange Rates in Theory and In Reality” Essays in International Finance No. 179
  • Patel, J. 1990 “Purchasing power parity as a long-run relations.” Journal of Applied Econometrics, 367- 379.
  • Roll, R. 1979 “Violations of Purchasing Power Parity and Their Implications for Efficient International Commodity Markets,” in M. Sarnat and G. Szego (eds), International Finance and Trade 1 (Cambridge, MA: Bollinger)
  • Seyidoğlu Halil 1997 “Uluslararası Finans” Güzem Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Seyidoğlu Halil 1991 “Uluslararası İktisat” Güzem Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Şener, S., Yılancı, V. ve Canpolat, E. 2015 “Satın Alma Gücü Paritesi ve Varyaslarının Türkiye için Sınanması. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi”, 11(25), 53-63.
  • Taylor, M. P. and McMahon, P. C. 1988. “Long run purchasing power parity in the 1920s” European Economic Review, 32: 179–197.
  • Williamson, John. 1994a “Introduction” içinde John Williamson (ed.), Estimating Equilibrium Exchange Rates (Washington D.C. :Institute for International Economics)
  • Yıldırım, S. ve Yıldırım, Z. 2012 “Reel Efektif Döviz Kuru Üzerine Kırılmalı Birim Kök Testleri ile Türkiye için Satın alma Gücü Paritesi Hipotezinin Geçerliliğinin Sınanması”, Marmara Üniversitesi İ.İ.B. Dergisi, 33(2), 221-238.

ULUSLARARASI TİCARETTE SATIN ALMA GÜCÜ PARİTESİNİN GEÇERLİLİĞİ SORUNU: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ZAMAN SERİSİ ANALİZİ

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 17 - 30, 02.04.2018

Abstract

Satın alma gücü paritesi hipotezi, temel anlamda uluslararası ticarette tek fiyat varsayımına dayanmaktadır. Bir malın fiyatı ortak bir paraya çevrildiğinde bütün dünyada eşittir. Bir başka ifadeyle, bir birim ulusal para dünyanın her bölgesinde aynı satın alma gücüne sahiptir. Satın alma gücü hipotezinin (SGP) bir diğer yorumu sürekli fiyat eşitliği anlamındaki tek fiyat varsayımına dayanmaz; bunun yerine ülkelerin enflasyon farkları kadar döviz kurlarında oynama olacağı fikrini esas alır. Bu çalışmada her iki SGP yaklaşımı, 1986Q1-2017Q4 dönemi çeyrek yıllık verileriyle Türkiye için zaman serisi uygulamaları yapılarak ele alınmıştır. 2001 krizinin etkisi dikkate almak amacıyla, 2001 öncesi ve sonrası alt dönemlerine ayrılarak her bir alt dönem için birim kök ve eş bütünleşme testleri uygulanmıştır. Adı geçen alt dönemlerde mutlak anlamda SGP için kanıt bulunamazken, nispi SGP’nin varlığına ilişkin bulgulara ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • Adler, M and Lehman, B.1983 “Deviations from Purchasing Power Parity in the Long Run.” Journal of Finance, 38, (1983): 1471-1487.
  • Alba, J.D. and Park, D. 2005 “An Empirical Investigation of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) for Turkey. Journal of Policy Modelling”, 27, 989-1000.
  • Ardeni, P. G. and Lubian, D. 1991 “Is There Trend Reversion in Purchasing Power Parity?” European Economic Review, 35, 1035- 1055.
  • Aslan, N.ve Kanbur, N. 2007 “Türkiye’de 1980 Sonrası Satın Alma Gücü Paritesi Yaklaşımı”, Marmara Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 23(2), 9-43.
  • Balassa Bela 1964 “The Purchasing Power Parity Doctrine: A Reappraisal” The Journal of Political Economy 72: 584-596.
  • Bayoumi T., P. Clark, S. Symansky ve M. Taylor 1994 “The Robustness of Equilibirium Exchange Rate clculations to Alternative Assumptions and Methodologies” içinde John Williamson (ed.), Estimating Equilibrium Exchange Rates (Washington D.C. :Institute for International Economics)
  • Cassel, G. 1921 The World's Monetary Problems, London: Constable
  • Corbae Dean ve Ouliaris Sam 1988 “Cointegration and Tests of Purchasing Power Parity” The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol: 70, 508-511.
  • Doğanlar Murat 1999 “Testing long-run validity of purchasing power parity for Asian countries” Applied Economics Letters, No:6, 147-151.
  • Doğanlar M. ve Özmen M. 2000 “Satınalma Gücü Paritesi ve Reel Döviz Kurları: Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler Üzerine Bir İnceleme” İMKB Dergisi.
  • Dornbusch, Rudiger 1985 “Purchasing Power Parity” NBER Working Paper, No: 1591
  • Dornbusch, Rudiger 1988 “Purchasing Power Parity” R. Dornbusch (ed.) Exchange Rates and Inflation, MIT Press, Londra, 265-292
  • Enders, Walter. 1988 “ARIMA and cointegration tests of PPP under fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes” Review of Economics and Statistics 70:504-8.
  • Enders, W. and Granger, C.W.J. 1998 “Unit-Root Tests and Asymmetric Adjustment with an Example Using the Term Structure of Interest Rates” Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 16(3), 304–311.
  • Frenkel J. A. ve M. Goldstein 1986 “A Guide to Target Zones” IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 33 No:4, 633-673.
  • Hakkio, C. S. 1992 Is Purchasing Power Parity a Useful Guide to the Dollar?. Economic ReviewFederal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, 77(3), 37-51.
  • Johansen, S. (1991): “Estimation and hythtesisi Testing of Cointegrating vectors in Gauissian vectors autoreggessive models”, Econometrica, 59, 1551-80
  • Kim, Yoonbai, 1990 "Purchasing Power Parity in the Long Run: A Cointegration Approach," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 22(4), 491-503, November.
  • Kugler, P. and Lenz, C.1993 “Multivariate Cointegration Analysis and the Long-Run Validity of PPP.” Review of Economics and Statistics, 75, 180-184.
  • Liu, P. C. (1992) "Purchasing Power Parity in Latin America: A Cointegration Analysis", Welwirtschaftliches Archive, 28,662-79.
  • MacDonald, R.1993 “Long-Run Purchasing Power Parity: Is It for Real?” Review of Economics and Statistics, 75, 690-695.
  • Mussa Michael L. 1990 “Exchange Rates in Theory and In Reality” Essays in International Finance No. 179
  • Patel, J. 1990 “Purchasing power parity as a long-run relations.” Journal of Applied Econometrics, 367- 379.
  • Roll, R. 1979 “Violations of Purchasing Power Parity and Their Implications for Efficient International Commodity Markets,” in M. Sarnat and G. Szego (eds), International Finance and Trade 1 (Cambridge, MA: Bollinger)
  • Seyidoğlu Halil 1997 “Uluslararası Finans” Güzem Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Seyidoğlu Halil 1991 “Uluslararası İktisat” Güzem Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Şener, S., Yılancı, V. ve Canpolat, E. 2015 “Satın Alma Gücü Paritesi ve Varyaslarının Türkiye için Sınanması. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi”, 11(25), 53-63.
  • Taylor, M. P. and McMahon, P. C. 1988. “Long run purchasing power parity in the 1920s” European Economic Review, 32: 179–197.
  • Williamson, John. 1994a “Introduction” içinde John Williamson (ed.), Estimating Equilibrium Exchange Rates (Washington D.C. :Institute for International Economics)
  • Yıldırım, S. ve Yıldırım, Z. 2012 “Reel Efektif Döviz Kuru Üzerine Kırılmalı Birim Kök Testleri ile Türkiye için Satın alma Gücü Paritesi Hipotezinin Geçerliliğinin Sınanması”, Marmara Üniversitesi İ.İ.B. Dergisi, 33(2), 221-238.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA87GY25EU
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Cevat Bilgin This is me

Publication Date April 2, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bilgin, C. (2018). ULUSLARARASI TİCARETTE SATIN ALMA GÜCÜ PARİTESİNİN GEÇERLİLİĞİ SORUNU: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ZAMAN SERİSİ ANALİZİ. Academic Review of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(1), 17-30.

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