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UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE IN NIGERIA AND ITS DETERMINANTS: THE CASE OF NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 97 - 111, 15.06.2020

Abstract

The research disaggregated some micro level factors against the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) to determine the accessibility and utilization of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Nigeria. Data from 2018 Nigeria Health and Demographic Survey was used and analysed using logistic regression model for the study. The results revealed that only 2.5% Nigerians are covered by NHIS and micro-level factors such as age, region, level of education, wealth index, marital status and household size significantly determined both accessibility and utilization of the scheme. This result indicates that many Nigerians pay Out-of-Pockets (OOP) for healthcare service. Therefore, until due attention is given to these identified micro-level factors as determinants of health insurance, achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on UHC by year 2030 becomes a mirage despite huge spending on NHIS by the government.

References

  • Adewole, D.A. & Osungbade, K.O (2016). Nigeria National Health Insurance Scheme: A Highly Subsidized Healthcare Program for a Privileged Few. International Journal of Tropical Disease and Health. 9 (3):1-11. Article No. IJTDH.27680. NLM ID: 101632866. www.sciencedomain.org
  • Adewole, D.A., Dairo, M.D., & Bolarinwa, O.A. (2016). Awareness and Coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme among Formal Sector Workers in Ilorin Nigeria. Afr. J. Biomed. Res. 19 (1). www.afbrui.net
  • Apeloko, D.O (2017). Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Nigeria: An Empirical Survey. International journal of Politics and Good Governance. 3 (8-4).
  • Aregbeshola, B. S & Khan, S.M (2018) Out-of-Pocket Payments, Catastrophic Health Expenditure & and Poverty among Households in Nigeria 2010. Int. J. Health Policy Management 2018; 7 (9): 798-806. Doi: 10.151/ijhpm.2018.19. http://ijhpm.com
  • Awosusi, A. & Folaranmi, T. (2015). Nigeria’s New Government and Public Financing for Universal Health Coverage. Global Health 3 (9): 514-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(15)00088-1
  • Azuogu, B.N,. Madubueze, U.C., Alo, C., Ogbonnaya, L.U., & Ajayi, N.A. (2016). Level of Awareness, and Factors Associated with Willingness to Participate in the National Health Insurance Scheme among Traders in Abakaliki Main Market, Ebonyi State. Nigeria. Afr. J. Med Health Sci. 15:18-23. Doi: 10.4103/2384-5589.183887. http://www.ajmhs.org.
  • Badu, E., Agyei-Baffour, P., Acheampong. I.O., Opoku. M.P. & Addai-Donkor. K (2018). Households Sociodemographic Profile as Predictors of Health Insurance Uptake and Service Utilization: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Municipality of Ghana. Advances in Public Health. Article ID 7814206, 13pp. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7814206
  • BugIT (2018). Nigeria: Health Budget Analysis. Policy Brief 1st Quarters, 2018. www.yourbudgit.com
  • Fan, V.Y., Karan, A. & Mahal, A. (2012). State Health Insurance and Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures in Andhra Pradesh, India. Int. j. Healthcare Finance Econ. Doi:10.1007/s10754-012-9110-5
  • Gustafsson-Wright, E & Schellekens, O. (2013). Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria. One State at a Time. A Public-Private Partnership Community-Based Health Insurance Model. Working Paper 2 2/June 2013. Global Economy and Development.
  • Kurfi, M.M. & Aliero, I.H. (2017) A Study on Clients’ Satisfaction on the National Health Insurance Scheme among Staff of Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto. IOSR journal of Economics & Finance (IOSR-JEF). 8(5): 44-52. www.iosrjournal.org
  • Latunji, O.O & Akinyemi, O.O (2018). Factors Influencing Health Seeking Behaviour Among Civil Servants in Ibadan, Nigeria. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine. 16(1): 52-60.
  • National Health Insurance Scheme (2012) Operational Guidelines Revised, October, 2012. www.nhis.gov.ng
  • Onoka, C.A., Onwujekwe, O.E., Hanson, K. & Uzochukwu, B. (2010). Measuring Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditures in Nigeria: Implication for Financial Risk Protection. CREHS: Research Brief, March 2010. www.crehs./lshtm.ac.uk
  • United Nations (2015) Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. A/RES/701/1. https://www.un.org
  • Vander Wielen, N; Channon, A.A & Falkingham, J (2017). Does Insurance Enrolment Increase Healthcare Utilization among Rural-Dwelling Older Adults? Evidence from the NHIS in Ghana. PubMed Journal. PMCID: PMC 5841530. Doi: 10:1136/bmjgh-201-000590
  • Wang, W. Temsah, G & Carter, E (2016). Levels and Determinants Expenditures in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Liberia, Namibia and Rwanda. DHS Analysis Studies No. 59, Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF International
  • World Health Organization & International Banks for Reconstruction and Development (2017). Tracking Universal Health Coverage. Geneva
  • World Health Organization (2005) Designing Health Financing Systems to Reduce Catastrophic Health Expenditure. Technical Briefs for Policy-makers. No.2 WHO/EIP/PB/05.02
  • World Health Organization (2018). Universal Health Coverage. Executive Board 144th Session. Provisional Agenda. Item 5.5. EB144/14
  • World Health Organization (2019). Primary Healthcare on the Road to Universal Health Coverage (2019 Monitoring Conference Report). Geneva

UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE IN NIGERIA AND ITS DETERMINANTS: THE CASE OF NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 97 - 111, 15.06.2020

Abstract

The research disaggregated some micro level factors against the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) to determine the accessibility and utilization of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Nigeria. The results revealed that only 2.5% Nigerians are covered by NHIS and micro-level factors such as age, region, level of education, wealth index, marital status and household size significantly determined both accessibility and utilization of the scheme. This result indicates that many Nigerians pay Out-of-Pockets (OOP) for healthcare service. Therefore, until due attention is given to these identified micro-level factors as determinants of health insurance, achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on UHC by year 2030 becomes a mirage despite huge spending on NHIS by the government

References

  • Adewole, D.A. & Osungbade, K.O (2016). Nigeria National Health Insurance Scheme: A Highly Subsidized Healthcare Program for a Privileged Few. International Journal of Tropical Disease and Health. 9 (3):1-11. Article No. IJTDH.27680. NLM ID: 101632866. www.sciencedomain.org
  • Adewole, D.A., Dairo, M.D., & Bolarinwa, O.A. (2016). Awareness and Coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme among Formal Sector Workers in Ilorin Nigeria. Afr. J. Biomed. Res. 19 (1). www.afbrui.net
  • Apeloko, D.O (2017). Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Nigeria: An Empirical Survey. International journal of Politics and Good Governance. 3 (8-4).
  • Aregbeshola, B. S & Khan, S.M (2018) Out-of-Pocket Payments, Catastrophic Health Expenditure & and Poverty among Households in Nigeria 2010. Int. J. Health Policy Management 2018; 7 (9): 798-806. Doi: 10.151/ijhpm.2018.19. http://ijhpm.com
  • Awosusi, A. & Folaranmi, T. (2015). Nigeria’s New Government and Public Financing for Universal Health Coverage. Global Health 3 (9): 514-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(15)00088-1
  • Azuogu, B.N,. Madubueze, U.C., Alo, C., Ogbonnaya, L.U., & Ajayi, N.A. (2016). Level of Awareness, and Factors Associated with Willingness to Participate in the National Health Insurance Scheme among Traders in Abakaliki Main Market, Ebonyi State. Nigeria. Afr. J. Med Health Sci. 15:18-23. Doi: 10.4103/2384-5589.183887. http://www.ajmhs.org.
  • Badu, E., Agyei-Baffour, P., Acheampong. I.O., Opoku. M.P. & Addai-Donkor. K (2018). Households Sociodemographic Profile as Predictors of Health Insurance Uptake and Service Utilization: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Municipality of Ghana. Advances in Public Health. Article ID 7814206, 13pp. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7814206
  • BugIT (2018). Nigeria: Health Budget Analysis. Policy Brief 1st Quarters, 2018. www.yourbudgit.com
  • Fan, V.Y., Karan, A. & Mahal, A. (2012). State Health Insurance and Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures in Andhra Pradesh, India. Int. j. Healthcare Finance Econ. Doi:10.1007/s10754-012-9110-5
  • Gustafsson-Wright, E & Schellekens, O. (2013). Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria. One State at a Time. A Public-Private Partnership Community-Based Health Insurance Model. Working Paper 2 2/June 2013. Global Economy and Development.
  • Kurfi, M.M. & Aliero, I.H. (2017) A Study on Clients’ Satisfaction on the National Health Insurance Scheme among Staff of Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto. IOSR journal of Economics & Finance (IOSR-JEF). 8(5): 44-52. www.iosrjournal.org
  • Latunji, O.O & Akinyemi, O.O (2018). Factors Influencing Health Seeking Behaviour Among Civil Servants in Ibadan, Nigeria. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine. 16(1): 52-60.
  • National Health Insurance Scheme (2012) Operational Guidelines Revised, October, 2012. www.nhis.gov.ng
  • Onoka, C.A., Onwujekwe, O.E., Hanson, K. & Uzochukwu, B. (2010). Measuring Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditures in Nigeria: Implication for Financial Risk Protection. CREHS: Research Brief, March 2010. www.crehs./lshtm.ac.uk
  • United Nations (2015) Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. A/RES/701/1. https://www.un.org
  • Vander Wielen, N; Channon, A.A & Falkingham, J (2017). Does Insurance Enrolment Increase Healthcare Utilization among Rural-Dwelling Older Adults? Evidence from the NHIS in Ghana. PubMed Journal. PMCID: PMC 5841530. Doi: 10:1136/bmjgh-201-000590
  • Wang, W. Temsah, G & Carter, E (2016). Levels and Determinants Expenditures in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Liberia, Namibia and Rwanda. DHS Analysis Studies No. 59, Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF International
  • World Health Organization & International Banks for Reconstruction and Development (2017). Tracking Universal Health Coverage. Geneva
  • World Health Organization (2005) Designing Health Financing Systems to Reduce Catastrophic Health Expenditure. Technical Briefs for Policy-makers. No.2 WHO/EIP/PB/05.02
  • World Health Organization (2018). Universal Health Coverage. Executive Board 144th Session. Provisional Agenda. Item 5.5. EB144/14
  • World Health Organization (2019). Primary Healthcare on the Road to Universal Health Coverage (2019 Monitoring Conference Report). Geneva
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Olukemi Grace Adebola

Publication Date June 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Adebola, O. G. (2020). UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE IN NIGERIA AND ITS DETERMINANTS: THE CASE OF NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME. Academic Review of Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(1), 97-111.

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