Nif Dağı Metal Üretim Alanının Kaba Küme Temelli Mekansal Analizi

Year 2022, Issue: 84, 65 - 81, 01.07.2022

Tutku Tuncalı Yaman

Abstract

Nif (Olympus) Kazı Projesi, İzmir'in doğusundaki Nif Dağı'nın güneydoğusunda yer alan dört farklı kazı alanına sahiptir. Projenin önemli bir sahası, Arkaik Dönem'e ait bir kırsal metal üretim alanı olarak tanımlanan ve 500'e yakın demir ve bronz ok ucu, metal üretim fırınları ve cüruf gibi zengin buluntularıyla öne çıkan Karamattepe’dir. Söz konusu bağlam her ne kadar mekânsal analize uygun görünse de, Kuzey-Güney ekseninde doğal bir eğime sahip olan alan, modern dönemde yaklaşık 100 yıl boyunca tarım arazisi olarak bile kullanılmıştır. Bilindiği gibi hem doğal eğim hem de arkeolojik alanlarda gerçekleştirilen tarımsal uygulamalar özellikle küçük buluntuların yer değiştirmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu koşullar altında bağlam, deterministik yöntemler kullanılarak yapılacak mekansal analiz için uygun görünmemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Karamattepe'deki metal üretiminin özelliklerini anlamak adına kaba küme teorisine dayalı mekansal bir analiz yapmaktır. Çalışılan veriler, CBS'den elde edilen ok uçlarının coğrafi konumlarını, alanda tespit edilen fırınlara Öklid mesafelerini, (ağırlık, uzunluk, v.b.) çeşitli metrikleri ve ok uçlarının analog tipolojisini içerir. Önerilen yaklaşımla metal buluntular ile üretim noktaları arasındaki ilişki belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın, peyzaj arkeolojisinde mekansal analiz için çok boyutlu belirsizliklerin üstesinden gelmek için araştırmacılara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Kaba Kümeler, Mekansal Analiz, Metal Üretimi, Ok Ucu, Karamattepe

Rough Sets Based Spatial Analysis for Metal Production Area at Mount Nif

Abstract

Nif (Olympus) Excavation Project has four different excavation areas where southeast of Nif Mountain, located in the east of Izmir, Turkey. A significant spot of the project is Karamattepe, defined as a rural metal production area in the Archaic Period, which outshines rich metal finds such as nearly 500 pieces of iron and bronze arrowheads, metal production furnaces, and slags. Albeit mentioned context seems suitable to spatial analysis, per contra, the area which has a natural incline in the North-South axis, had even been used as agricultural land for approximately 100 years in the modern period. As known, both natural slope, and agricultural practices such as plowing and spudding in archaeological sites cause translocation, especially in small finds. Under these circumstances, the context does not seem suitable for spatial analysis with deterministic methods. The goal of the study is to understand the specs of the rural metal production area at Karamattepe by spatial analysis. Studied data include geolocations of arrowheads that are obtained from GIS, their Euclidean distances to the furnaces, various metrics (weight, length, i.e.), and analogical typology as inputs. With the proposed Rough Sets-based approach, the relation between metal finds and production points is determined. It is thought that this study will shed light on the researchers to cope out multi-dimensional uncertainties for spatial analysis in landscape archaeology.

Keywords

Rough Sets, Spatial Analysis, Metal Production, Arrowheads, Karamattepe

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