HEDONİK AÇLIK VE OBEZİTE

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 102 - 108, 11.08.2024

Zehra Teymur , Başak Öney

Abstract

Bireyin açlık ve tokluk uyaranlarının etkisinde, yaşamını sağlıklı bir şekilde devam ettirebilmesi için belirli bir
denge halinde, gerekli olan enerji ve besin öğelerini alması anlamına gelen besin alımı, fizyolojik süreçler ve
çevresel ipuçları tarafından kontrol edilir. Bu süreçte hipotalamus ve beyin sapı, sinirsel ve hormonal sinyalleri
birleştirerek besin alımını düzenler. Ancak bireyin sadece fizyolojik ihtiyaçlarına bağlı olmadığı bilinen besin alımı;
beynin ödül ve zevke dayalı sistemleriyle ilişkili olan çevresel uyaranların etkisi, alışkanlık gücü ve gıda ipuçlarının
varlığında yüksek kalorili ve yüksek enerjili besin alımını teşvik eden ve bireyin yediği besinlerden haz almasına
odaklanıp kendini daha iyi hissetmesini sağlayan hedonik açlık ile de doğrudan ilişkilidir. Modern yaşam tarzı,
kolay erişilebilir ve yüksek kalorili gıdaların tüketimini teşvik ederken reklamlar ve görsel ipuçları da besin alımını
etkiler. Gıdanın Gücü Ölçeği gibi araçlar, hedonik açlığı değerlendirmekte ve besinlerle ilişkilendirilen duygusal
tepkileri ölçmektedir. Bu bağlamda besin alımını düzenleyen psikolojik ve çevresel faktörlerin anlaşılması,
obeziteye karşı mücadelede önemlidir. Çünkü yüksek hedonik açlık, sağlıksız yeme davranışlarını teşvik eder ve
obezite riskini artırır.

Keywords

Besin, hedonik açlık, obezite, ödül

HEDONIC HUNGER AND OBESITY

Abstract

Under the influence of hunger and satiety stimuli, the individual must reach a certain level to continue his life in a healthy nutrient intake, which means taking the necessary energy and nutrients in balance, physiological processes and controlled by environmental cues. In this process, the hypothalamus and the brainstem send neural and hormonal signals to regulate nutrient intake by combining them. However, food intake depends not only on an individual's physiological needs but also on the influence of environmental stimuli, strength of habituation, and food cues, which are related to the brain's reward and pleasure-based systems. The presence of a diet that encourages the intake of high-calorie and high-energy foods and helps the individual to feel pleasure from the food they eat. It is also directly related to hedonic hunger, which allows them to focus and feel better. Modern lifestyle encourages the consumption of easily accessible and high-calorie foods, while advertisements and visual cues influence food intake. Instruments such as the Power of Food Scale assess hedonic hunger and the emotional measures responses. Understanding the psychological and environmental factors that regulate food intake in this context is essential in the fight against obesity. Because high hedonic hunger promotes unhealthy eating behaviors and increases the risk of obesity.

Keywords

Food, hedonic hunger, obesity, reward

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