İle-İfe: Geleneksel Yoruba Dininde Yaratılışın ve Dünyanın Merkezi

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 229 - 252, 30.12.2019

Canan Seyfeli

https://doi.org/10.34247/artukluakademi.638802

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Makalenin konusu, Geleneksel Yoruba Dininde
yaratılışın ve dünyanın merkezi kabul edilen İle-İfe’dir. Konu inançsal ve
uygulama, mitolojik ve insan yaşamı boyutlarıyla işlenmiştir. Mitolojiye göre
İle-İfe yaratılışın, insanlığın (Yorubaların) ve kutsal krallığın beşiğidir. Gök,
yer ve yeraltının birleştiği eksendir. Bu eksen Orişaların diktiği Hayat
Ağacıdır. Göklerin yere, yeryüzünün göklere açılan kapısı bu eksendedir. Evrenin
ve insanın yaratılışının başladığı nokta İle-İfe’nin merkezidir. Burası şimdi sarayın
ve tapınağın bulunduğu yerdir. İle-İfe farklı Yoruba yaratılış mitlerinde ortak
unsurlardan birisidir. Yorubalara göre tanrısal alemden inip yeryüzünde
krallığını kuran Oduduva atasal Orişaya dönüşmüş ilk ata ve kraldır, İle-İfe
merkezli en etkili Orişadır. Obatala yaratılışta rol oynasa da etkisi ikinci
derecededir. İle-İfe, Olodumare’ye tek somut tapınım yeridir. Merkezde Oduduva’nınki
ve etrafında diğer Orişaların tapınakları bulunur. Şehirde çok çeşitli festivaller,
ritüeller, sunular icra edilir. Burası bütün yolların kendisine çıktığı
dünyanın merkezidir. İle-İfe, Yoruba kültür ve sanat merkezidir. 

Keywords

Geleneksel Yoruba Dini, İle-İfe, Merkez Simgeciliği, Yaratılış, Oduduva

Ile-Ife: The Center of Creation and the World in Traditional Yoruba Religion

Abstract

The
subject of the article is Ile-Ife, the center of creation and the world in the
Yoruba religion. In mythology, Ile-Ife is the cradle of the earth, the Yorubas
and the kingdom, and the gate of the heavens to the earth and the earth to the
heavens. The Tree of Lİle-İfe planted by the Orishas is the axis that connects
the sky, the earth and the underworld. The center of this axis is the Ifa-Vara,
the royal palace. Oduduva, the first ancestor, the first king, is both
primordial and ancestral Orisha. He is the most influential Orisha in Ile-Ife.
But Obatala, which shapes man, is in the second degree. Ile-İle-İfe is the only
place where Olodumare is the only concrete ritual. The temple of Oduduva is at
the center of the other Orisha temples. Ile-Ife is the center of festivals,
rituals, presentations, even Yoruba culture and art.

Keywords

Traditional Yoruba Religion, Ile-Ife, Center Symbolism, Creation, Oduduwa

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