Eksozom Proteinleri ve Hastalıklarda Önemi

Year 2024, Issue: 10, 59 - 65, 23.12.2024

Hüsamettin Vatansev , M. Gizem Keser

https://doi.org/10.58252/artukluhealth.1549406

Abstract

Giriş: Eksozomlar, endozomlardan temel alan ve çapı yaklaşık 30-150 nanometre olan hücre dışı veziküllerdir. 1980’lerin sonlarına doğru hücre dışı boşlukta tanımlanan ekzosomların, başlangıçta hücre hasarından kaynaklanan hücresel atık veya hücre homeostazisinin yan ürünleri olduğu ve komşu hücreler üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olmadığı öne sürülmüştür. Daha sonra bu hücre dışı keseciklerin; hücrelerarası iletişimi sağlayan karmaşık ve fonksiyonel araçlar haline geldiği görülmüştür. Sahip oldukları farklı fonksiyonlar nedeniyle çeşitli hastalıkların tanı ve tedavisinde rol oynayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı eksozom proteinlerinin farklı hastalıklardaki önemini güncel çalışmalar ışığında derlemektir.
Yöntem: Bu derlemede; eksozom proteinleri ve bu proteinlerin farklı hastalıklardaki önemi veri tabanlarındaki güncel çalışmalar eşliğinde incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Eksozomlar; yara iyileşmesinde, tromboz oluşumunda, merkezi sinir sistemi ile ilişkili hastalıklarda, inflamasyon, otoimmünitede ve kanserde hastalığın ilerleyişini takip etmek ve tedaviye olan yanıtı değerlendirmek için önemi artan hücre dışı veziküllerden birisidir.
Sonuç: Eksozomların hücreleri hedefleme özellikleri; dolaşımdaki stabiliteleri ve iç biyomolekülleri bozulmadan korumalarından dolayı alternatif bir ilaç dağıtım aracı haline gelmektedir. Literatür incelendiğinde; eksozomların pek çok hastalığın tanı ve tedavisinde kullanımının söz konusu olabileceği ve gelecekte etkinleşebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Eksozom, Hücredışı vezikül, Hastalıklar

Ethical Statement

Çalışma derleme çalışması olduğu için etik kurul izni gerektirmemektedir.

Supporting Institution

Destekleyen kurum yoktur.

Exosome Proteins and their Importance in Diseases

Abstract

Introduction: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles derived from endosomes and measuring approximately 30–150 nanometer in diameter. Exosomes, identified in the extracellular space towards the end of the 1980s, were initially suggested to be cellular waste resulting from cell damage or byproducts of cell homeostasis and had no significant effect on neighboring cells. Later, it was observed that these extracellular vesicles became complex and functional tools that provide intercellular communication. It is thought that they may play a role in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases due to their different functions. The aim of this study is to compile the importance of exosome proteins in different diseases in the light of current studies.
Methods: In this review, exosome proteins and their importance in different diseases were examined with the help of current studies in databases.
Results: Exosomes are one of the extracellular vesicles that are increasingly important in wound healing, thrombosis formation, central nervous system-related diseases, inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer to monitor disease progression and evaluate response to treatment.
Conclusion: The cell-targeting properties of exosomes, their stability in circulation, and their ability to protect internal biomolecules from degradation make them an alternative drug delivery vehicle. When the literature is examined, it is thought that the use of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases will be especially effective in the future.

Keywords

Exosomes, Extracellular vesicles, Diseases

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