Üre formaldehitin (UF) ahşap yüzey kaplama malzemesi olarak değerlendirilmesi: Karaçam ve yönlendirilmiş yonga levhaların (OSB) kaplanması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, üre formaldehit (UF) reçinesinin ahşap yüzey kaplayıcısı olarak kullanım olanakları araştırılmıştır. UF reçinesi ile kaplanan yüzeylerde çatlak oluşumunu önlemek için reçine çözeltisine organik dolgu maddeleri eklenmiştir. Ahşap malzeme olarak yönlendirilmiş yonga levha (OSB) ve Karaçam (Pinus nigra Arnold.) odunu kullanılmıştır. Kontrol grubu 100 gr UF' ye 4 gr amonyum sülfat (AS) ilâve edilip 1000 rpm'de 5 dakika karıştırılarak elde edilmiştir. Birinci grupta organik dolgu maddesi olarak buğday unu (WF-100 gr UF içine 5 gr WF), ikinci grupta ise selüloz lifi (CF-100 gr UF içine 5 gr CF) kullanılmıştır. Numunelerin üst yüzey mekanik özellikleri (aşınma ve çizilme analizleri) ile leke tutma analizleri ilgili standartlara göre belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca örneklere periyodik olarak nemlendirme ve kurutma işlemi yapılarak hızlı yaşlandırma uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre karaçam örneklerinin aşınma ve çizilme direncinin OSB örneklerine göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. WF ilâvesi yüzeylerin aşınma ve çizilme direncini düşürmesine rağmen yaşlandırma öncesi yüzeydeki çatlak oluşumlarını engellemiştir. UF kaplı levhaların aşınma ve çizilme analiz sonuçlarının, dekoratif kâğıt kaplı yonga levha ve lif levhalara kıyasla çok daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaşlandırma işlemi tüm örneklerde, özellikle WF ekli örneklerde leke görünürlük oranını artırmıştır. Yaşlandırma sonrasında, tüm örneklerin çizilme aşınma dirençlerinin %30-40 azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmayla UF'nin organik dolgularla birlikte yarı kapalı ortamlarda ahşap levha yüzeylerinin kaplanmasında kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Üre formaldehit
• kaplama
• yönlendirilmiş yonga levha (OSB)
• dolgu maddesi
• ahşap yüzeyler

Evaluation of urea formaldehyde (UF) as a surface coating material: Black pine wood and oriented strand board (OSB) coating by enhanced UF

Abstract

In this study, the applicability of a urea formaldehyde (UF) resin as a wood surface coater was investigated. Organic fillers were used in the resin solution to prevent crack formation on the surface covered with UF resin. Oriented strand board (OSB) and Black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold.) massive wood were used to prepare the samples. To prepare the control group, 4 g of ammonium sulfate (AS) was added to 100 g of UF and blended at 1000 rpm for 5 min. The first group was prepared using 5 g of wheat flour (WF) in 100 g UF as an organic filler. The second group was prepared by adding 5 g of cellulose fiber (CF) to a 100 g of glue solution, and the results were compared with those of the control group. The mechanical characterization of the samples (abrasion and scratch analysis) and staining analyses of the samples were determined according to the relevant standards. In addition, the samples were subjected to accelerated weathering by manually applying periodic moisturizing and drying. According to the results, the abrasion and scratch resistances of the black pine samples were higher than those of the OSB samples. Although the addition of WF reduced the abrasion and scratch resistance of the surfaces, it also eliminated the crack formation on the surface before weathering. The abrasion and scratch analysis results of boards coated with UF were much higher than those of the particleboards and fiberboards covered with decorative paper. The weathering process increased stain visibility in all samples, especially in the WF-added sample. After weathering, an approximately 30-40% decrease in scratch and wear resistance was observed in all the samples. As a result, it was concluded that UF can be used to coat the surfaces of wooden boards together with organic fillers in semi-outdoor environments.

Keywords

• Urea formaldehyde
• coating
• oriented strand board
• filler
• wood surfaces

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