Serapias orientalis’in mikorizal fungus çeşitliliği

Abstract

Orkideler, yumrularının aşırı toplanması ve habitatlarının ciddi şekilde tahrip olması sonucu yok olma tehdidi altındadır. Doğada orkidelerin korunması mikorizal fungus biyolojik çeşitliliğinin varlığına bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz bölgesinde 4 ilin (Samsun, Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon) sınırları içinde farklı habitatlardan toplanan Serapias orieantalis (Greuter ) Bauman H, Künkele köklerindeki mikorizal fungusların moleküler tanımlaması yapılmıştır. Bitki kökleri 2015 bahar aylarında toplanmış ve önce mikroskopta incelenerek mikorizal funguslar izole edilmiştir. Saflaştırılan izolatlar, koloni özellikleri (koloni tipi, koloni rengi), hif yapısı (hif çapı ve dallanma yapısı) ve çekirdek sayılarının belirlenmesi amacıyla PDA (patates dektroz agar) ortamında geliştirilmiştir. İzolatları morfolojik özelliklerine göre gruplandırmak için küme analizi (UPGMA) yöntemi uygulanmış ve kladogram oluşturulmuştur. Kümeleme analizine göre oluşturulan 3 grubun izolatlarını moleküler düzeyde tanımlayabilmek için ITS-1 ve ITS-4 primerleri kullanılarak nüklear ribozomal DNA (rDNA)’nın ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 gen bölgesi çoğaltılmıştır. DNA dizilimine dayanarak, 13 Rhizoctonia benzeri izolatın Tulasnella cinsi ile 2 Rhizoctonia benzeri olmayan izolatın Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. türü ile yakın ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.

Keywords

• Serapias orientalis
• mikoriza
• fungus
• çeşitlilik
• ITS

Mycorrhizal fungi diversity of Serapias orientalis

Abstract

Orchids are under a serious threat of extinction as a result of both excessive collecting and severe destruction of their habitats. Studies conducted have shown that the protection of orchids depends on the presence of mycorrhizal fungal biodiversity. In this study, molecular identification of mychorrhizal fungi of Serapias orieantalis roots taken from different habitats within the borders of 4 provinces (Samsun, Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon) in the Central and Eastern Black Sea region was conducted. Plant roots were collected in the spring of 2015 and first examined under a microscope and then mycorrhizal fungi were isolated. Purified isolates were developed in PDA (potato dectrose agar) medium in order to determine colony characteristics (colony type, colony color), hif structure (hif diameter and branching structure) and core numbers. Cluster analysis (UPGMA) method was applied to group the isolates according to their morphological characteristics and a cladogram was created. Nuclear ribozomal DNA (rDNA)’nın ITS 1-5.8S-ITS 2 gene region was amplified using ITS 1/ITS 4 primers in order to identify isolates of 3 groups formed according to morphological data at the molecular level. Based on the DNA sequence, 13 Rhizoctonia-like isolates were closely related to the Tulasnella genus, and 2 Rhizoctonia-unlike isolates were closely related to the Fusarium oxysporum.

Keywords

• Serapias orientalis
• Mycorrhizal Fungi
• Diversity
• ITS

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