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MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL

Year 2005, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 179 - 190, 20.03.2011

Abstract

: Due to the decreasing limited forest resources, the increasing paper consumption and the pressure from the environmental movements, the recycled fibre has become increasingly important. Today’s modern paper and paperboard industry is the exclusive user of recycled fibre as a raw material. On the other
hand, the recycled fibre inevitably presents a number of new challenges to the paper industry, as the recycled fibres are drained more slowly, often contaminated with other materials and fibre strength is diminished with the recycling number. Microbial growth is another common problem in the papermaking system. Besides the use of recycled fibre in paper and paperboard mills, the increased closure of the water and the conversion to neutral/alkaline systems exacerbate microbiological problems and decrease mill performances. 
Problems caused by micro organisms that are typically encountered in paper making systems include slime spots and holes, offensive odours, corrosion, paper breaks, brightness loss, additive spoilage, and shower and stock line plugging. These problems  are costly because they lead to poor runnability, low
production rates, off-quality paper, and even shortened equipment life due to accelerated corrosion rates.
Microbiological growth control has therefore become more and more important within the paper industry. The proper control of microbiological growth involves properly identifying the problem and finding the best solution.

References

  • Diesen, M., Papermaking Science and Technology Series, Book 1. Cooperation with the Finnish Paper Engineers Association and Tappi, Helsinki, 186p, 1998.
  • İmamoğlu, S., Kayacan, B., Kağıt Endüstrisinde Lifsel Hammadde Kullanımı ve Orman Kaynakları Yönetimi, II. Ulusal Karadeniz Ormancılık Kongresi, 15-18 Mayıs 2002, Artvin, Bildiriler Kitabı, Cilt 3, 999-1007.
  • Sorrelle, P.H., Belgard, W.E., Growth in Recycling Escalates Cost for Paper Machine Biological Control, Advances in Paper Recycling, Miller Freeman Books, San Francisco, (Ed. Patrick, K.L.), s. 113-118, 1994.
  • Vaisanen, O.M., Nurmiaho-Lassila, E.L., Marmo, S.A., Salkinoja-Salonen, M.S., Structure and Formation of Biological Slimes on Paper and Board Machines, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60 (1994) 641-653.
  • Smith W.E., Bunker, L., The Impact of Secondary Fibre on the Paper Machine, Secondary Fibre Recycling, Tappi Press, Atlanta, (Ed. Spangenberg, R. J.) s. 29-36, 1993.
  • Eklund, D., Lindström, T., Microbiology and Slime Control Agents in Papermaking, Paper Chemistry Book, DT Paper Science Publications, Grankulla, Finland, (Ed. Eklund, D. and Lindström, T.) s. 295-300, 1991.
  • Bozkurt, A.Y., Erdin, N., Ünligil, H., Odun Çürüten Mantarların Yaşam İstekleri ve Gelişmelerini Önleyen Maddeler, Ağaç Teknolojisi, Bölüm 4, İÜ Yayın No: 3998, s. 91-104, İstanbul, 1997.
  • Atak, A., Kağıt ve Seluloz Üretim Prosesinde Şlaym Oluşumu ve Kontrolü, Seka Dergisi Teknik Bülten, 23 (1994) 179-184.
  • Robertson L.R., Rice, L.E., Kehoe, V.M., Detection and Control of Filamentous Bacteria to Improve Machine Cleanliness and Runnability, Appita Journal, 54 (3) (2001) 257-260.
  • Hoekstra, P.M., Microbiology in the Paper Industry, 1990 Tappi Chemical Processing Aids Short Course, 4p. (www.buckman.com/eng/ micropap.htm), 1990.
  • Demirtaş, Ü.İ., Özel, Y., 1993. Kağıt Karton Sanayiinde Bakım Teknolojileri, I. Ulusal Kağıt Sempozyumu, 1993, Sapanca, Bildiriler Kitabı, MMO Yayın No: 164 s. 83-94.
  • Buckman, S.J., Buckman, J.D., Microbiology, Pulp and Paper Chemistry and Chemical Technology Book, Third Edition, Vol. II; Ed. Casey, J. P. A Wiley- Interscience Publication s. 1371-1401, 1980.
  • Özden, Ö., İmamoğlu, S., Atık Kağıt Kullanımının Oluklu Mukavva Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi ve Atık Kağıt Sınıflandırma Sistemi. II. Uluslararası Ambalaj Kongresi ve Sergisi, 30 Mayıs-1 Haziran 2001, İzmir, s. 277-288.
  • Suihko, M.L., Skyttä, A Study of the Microflora of Some Recycled Fibre Pulps, Boards and Kitchen Rolls, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 83 (1997) 199-207.
  • Miller, B., Receiving, Inspection and Storage of Secondary Fibre, Secondary Fibre Recycling, Tappi Press, Atlanta, (Ed. Spangenberg , R. J.), s. 87-89, 1993.
  • Springer, A.M., Marshall, D., NCASI Stream Improvement Technical Bulletin No. 282, National Council of the Paper Industry for air and Stream Improvement, New York, 107p, 1975.
  • Hawes, J.M., Design Consideration for Paper Machine Clothing in Secondary Fibre Application, Recycled Paper Technology, Tappi Press, Atlanta, (Ed. Doshi, M.), s. 60-66, 1994.
  • Ruzicka, J., Forming Fabrics are Only One Variable in Enhancing Quality of Recycled Sheet, Advances in Paper Recycling, Miller Freeman Books, San Francisco, (Ed. Patrick, K.L.), s. 121-123, 1994.
  • Fischer, B.H., Reduction in Pitch Adherence of Machine Clothing, Tappi Journal, 82 (11) (1999) 50-52.
  • Green, R., Better Clothing Cleaning Techniques Combat Recycled Fibre Contamination, Advances in Paper Recycling, Miller Freeman Books, San Francisco, (Ed. Patrick, K. L.), s. 124-127, 1994.
  • Anonim, Microbiology of Papermaking, Memorandum of Understanding for the Implementation of an European Concerted Research, Project No: COST Action E17, Brussels, 1999.
  • Holik, H, Unit Operations and Equipment in Recycled Fibre Processing, Recycled Fibre and Deinking, Fapet Oy Publication, Helsinki, (Ed. Göttsching, L.) s. 91-205, 2000.
  • McKinney, R.W.J., Wastepaper Preparation and Contaminant Removal, Technology of Paper Recycling, Blackie Academic and Professional Publication, London, (Ed. McKinney, R.W.J.), s. 48-124, 1995.
  • Jokinen, K., Osmonen, R.M., Microbial Sensory and Toxicological Aspects of Paperboards, Paper and Timber, 77 (1995) 200-204.
  • Korhonen, S., Tuhkanen, T., Ozone as a Biocide in Paper Machine Recycled White Water, Tappi Journal, 83 (5) (2000) 75-77.
  • Merwe, T., Wolfaardt, F., Riedel, K.H., Analysis of the Functional Diversity of the Microbial Communities in a Paper Mill Water System, Water SA, 29 (1) (2003) 31- 34.
  • Sisk, J.P., Harrison, A.D., Steenbeek, P.W., Effects of Bromine and Chlorine Based Biocides on Polyamide Fibre Material Utilized in Paper Machine Clothing, 7th International Symposium for the Paper Machine Clothing Industry, 2000.
  • Steenbeek, P., Harrison A., Sisk, P., BCDMH as a Slime Control Agent in Modern Paper Manufacture, African Pulp & Paper Week, 17-19 October 2000, Johennesburg.
  • Freis, R.E., Enzyme Eliminates Slime Build-up in Acid and Alkaline System, J. of Pulp and Paper, 57 (4) (1983) 124.
  • Johnsrud, S.C., Biotechnology for Solving Slime Problems in the Pulp and Paper Industry, Advanced Biochemical Engineering, 57 (1997) 311-316.

ATIK KAĞIT KULLANAN KAĞIT-KARTON FABRİKALARINDA ORTAYA ÇIKAN MİKROBİYOLOJİK SORUNLAR

Year 2005, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 179 - 190, 20.03.2011

Abstract

Atık kağıtlardan elde edilen sekonder lifler, bir yandan kağıt tüketiminin hızla artması diğer
yandan da sınırlı orman kaynaklarının giderek azalması ve çevresel baskıların etkisiyle oldukça önemli hale
gelmiştir. Günümüz modern kağıt-karton endüstrisi hammadde ihtiyacını büyük ölçüde atık kağıt kullanarak
sağlamaya çalışmaktadır. Atık kağıtların değerlendirilmesi ile elde edilen sayısız avantaja rağmen sekonder
liflerin drenajlarının düşük olması, yabancı maddeler içermesi ve her bir dönüşüm sonrası dirençlerinin
azalması gibi nedenlerle kağıt üretimi sırasında problemler oluşmaktadır. Diğer bir problem kaynağı ise
üretim aşamasında gelişen mikroorganizmalardır. Sekonder lif kullanımının yanında özellikle son yıllarda
kapalı devre proses su kullanımı ve nötr/alkali üretim sistemine geçilmesi ile mikroorganizmaların
oluşturduğu problemlerde artış kaydedilmiştir.
Mikroorganizmalar, üretim aşamasında kağıt safihası üzerinde lekeler ve/veya delikçiklerin
oluşmasına, rahatsız edici kokuların ortama yayılmasına, makine parçalarının korozyona uğramasına, kağıt
kopmaları ve parlaklık düşmelerine, ilave edilen kimyasal maddelerin etkilerinin azalmasına ve iletim
borularının tıkanmasına neden olmak suretiyle sonuçta düşük kaliteli kağıt üretimi, kağıt makinesi eleğinin
ömrünün kısalması, düşük üretim hızı ve buna bağlı olarak da üretimde azalma gibi yüksek maliyetlere yol
açacak zararlar oluşturmaktadırlar. Büyük maddi kayıplara neden olan bu mikroorganizmaları kontrol altında
tutabilmek ancak, problemin doğru olarak saptanması ve bu probleme en uygun çözümlerin bulunarak
uygulanması ile gerçekleştirilebilir.

References

  • Diesen, M., Papermaking Science and Technology Series, Book 1. Cooperation with the Finnish Paper Engineers Association and Tappi, Helsinki, 186p, 1998.
  • İmamoğlu, S., Kayacan, B., Kağıt Endüstrisinde Lifsel Hammadde Kullanımı ve Orman Kaynakları Yönetimi, II. Ulusal Karadeniz Ormancılık Kongresi, 15-18 Mayıs 2002, Artvin, Bildiriler Kitabı, Cilt 3, 999-1007.
  • Sorrelle, P.H., Belgard, W.E., Growth in Recycling Escalates Cost for Paper Machine Biological Control, Advances in Paper Recycling, Miller Freeman Books, San Francisco, (Ed. Patrick, K.L.), s. 113-118, 1994.
  • Vaisanen, O.M., Nurmiaho-Lassila, E.L., Marmo, S.A., Salkinoja-Salonen, M.S., Structure and Formation of Biological Slimes on Paper and Board Machines, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60 (1994) 641-653.
  • Smith W.E., Bunker, L., The Impact of Secondary Fibre on the Paper Machine, Secondary Fibre Recycling, Tappi Press, Atlanta, (Ed. Spangenberg, R. J.) s. 29-36, 1993.
  • Eklund, D., Lindström, T., Microbiology and Slime Control Agents in Papermaking, Paper Chemistry Book, DT Paper Science Publications, Grankulla, Finland, (Ed. Eklund, D. and Lindström, T.) s. 295-300, 1991.
  • Bozkurt, A.Y., Erdin, N., Ünligil, H., Odun Çürüten Mantarların Yaşam İstekleri ve Gelişmelerini Önleyen Maddeler, Ağaç Teknolojisi, Bölüm 4, İÜ Yayın No: 3998, s. 91-104, İstanbul, 1997.
  • Atak, A., Kağıt ve Seluloz Üretim Prosesinde Şlaym Oluşumu ve Kontrolü, Seka Dergisi Teknik Bülten, 23 (1994) 179-184.
  • Robertson L.R., Rice, L.E., Kehoe, V.M., Detection and Control of Filamentous Bacteria to Improve Machine Cleanliness and Runnability, Appita Journal, 54 (3) (2001) 257-260.
  • Hoekstra, P.M., Microbiology in the Paper Industry, 1990 Tappi Chemical Processing Aids Short Course, 4p. (www.buckman.com/eng/ micropap.htm), 1990.
  • Demirtaş, Ü.İ., Özel, Y., 1993. Kağıt Karton Sanayiinde Bakım Teknolojileri, I. Ulusal Kağıt Sempozyumu, 1993, Sapanca, Bildiriler Kitabı, MMO Yayın No: 164 s. 83-94.
  • Buckman, S.J., Buckman, J.D., Microbiology, Pulp and Paper Chemistry and Chemical Technology Book, Third Edition, Vol. II; Ed. Casey, J. P. A Wiley- Interscience Publication s. 1371-1401, 1980.
  • Özden, Ö., İmamoğlu, S., Atık Kağıt Kullanımının Oluklu Mukavva Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi ve Atık Kağıt Sınıflandırma Sistemi. II. Uluslararası Ambalaj Kongresi ve Sergisi, 30 Mayıs-1 Haziran 2001, İzmir, s. 277-288.
  • Suihko, M.L., Skyttä, A Study of the Microflora of Some Recycled Fibre Pulps, Boards and Kitchen Rolls, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 83 (1997) 199-207.
  • Miller, B., Receiving, Inspection and Storage of Secondary Fibre, Secondary Fibre Recycling, Tappi Press, Atlanta, (Ed. Spangenberg , R. J.), s. 87-89, 1993.
  • Springer, A.M., Marshall, D., NCASI Stream Improvement Technical Bulletin No. 282, National Council of the Paper Industry for air and Stream Improvement, New York, 107p, 1975.
  • Hawes, J.M., Design Consideration for Paper Machine Clothing in Secondary Fibre Application, Recycled Paper Technology, Tappi Press, Atlanta, (Ed. Doshi, M.), s. 60-66, 1994.
  • Ruzicka, J., Forming Fabrics are Only One Variable in Enhancing Quality of Recycled Sheet, Advances in Paper Recycling, Miller Freeman Books, San Francisco, (Ed. Patrick, K.L.), s. 121-123, 1994.
  • Fischer, B.H., Reduction in Pitch Adherence of Machine Clothing, Tappi Journal, 82 (11) (1999) 50-52.
  • Green, R., Better Clothing Cleaning Techniques Combat Recycled Fibre Contamination, Advances in Paper Recycling, Miller Freeman Books, San Francisco, (Ed. Patrick, K. L.), s. 124-127, 1994.
  • Anonim, Microbiology of Papermaking, Memorandum of Understanding for the Implementation of an European Concerted Research, Project No: COST Action E17, Brussels, 1999.
  • Holik, H, Unit Operations and Equipment in Recycled Fibre Processing, Recycled Fibre and Deinking, Fapet Oy Publication, Helsinki, (Ed. Göttsching, L.) s. 91-205, 2000.
  • McKinney, R.W.J., Wastepaper Preparation and Contaminant Removal, Technology of Paper Recycling, Blackie Academic and Professional Publication, London, (Ed. McKinney, R.W.J.), s. 48-124, 1995.
  • Jokinen, K., Osmonen, R.M., Microbial Sensory and Toxicological Aspects of Paperboards, Paper and Timber, 77 (1995) 200-204.
  • Korhonen, S., Tuhkanen, T., Ozone as a Biocide in Paper Machine Recycled White Water, Tappi Journal, 83 (5) (2000) 75-77.
  • Merwe, T., Wolfaardt, F., Riedel, K.H., Analysis of the Functional Diversity of the Microbial Communities in a Paper Mill Water System, Water SA, 29 (1) (2003) 31- 34.
  • Sisk, J.P., Harrison, A.D., Steenbeek, P.W., Effects of Bromine and Chlorine Based Biocides on Polyamide Fibre Material Utilized in Paper Machine Clothing, 7th International Symposium for the Paper Machine Clothing Industry, 2000.
  • Steenbeek, P., Harrison A., Sisk, P., BCDMH as a Slime Control Agent in Modern Paper Manufacture, African Pulp & Paper Week, 17-19 October 2000, Johennesburg.
  • Freis, R.E., Enzyme Eliminates Slime Build-up in Acid and Alkaline System, J. of Pulp and Paper, 57 (4) (1983) 124.
  • Johnsrud, S.C., Biotechnology for Solving Slime Problems in the Pulp and Paper Industry, Advanced Biochemical Engineering, 57 (1997) 311-316.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Eski Sayılar
Authors

Sami İmamoğlu This is me

Celil Atik This is me

Arif Karademir This is me

Publication Date March 20, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2005 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA İmamoğlu, S., Atik, C., & Karademir, A. (2011). MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 179-190.
AMA İmamoğlu S, Atik C, Karademir A. MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL. ACUJFF. March 2011;6(1):179-190.
Chicago İmamoğlu, Sami, Celil Atik, and Arif Karademir. “MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 6, no. 1 (March 2011): 179-90.
EndNote İmamoğlu S, Atik C, Karademir A (March 1, 2011) MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 6 1 179–190.
IEEE S. İmamoğlu, C. Atik, and A. Karademir, “MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL”, ACUJFF, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 179–190, 2011.
ISNAD İmamoğlu, Sami et al. “MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 6/1 (March2011), 179-190.
JAMA İmamoğlu S, Atik C, Karademir A. MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL. ACUJFF. 2011;6:179–190.
MLA İmamoğlu, Sami et al. “MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL”. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 1, 2011, pp. 179-90.
Vancouver İmamoğlu S, Atik C, Karademir A. MICROBIAL PROBLEMS IN PAPER AND PAPERBOARD MILLS USING RECOVERED PAPER AS RAW MATERIAL. ACUJFF. 2011;6(1):179-90.
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