HUKUKU GÖRSELLEŞTİRMEK: HUKUK TASARIMI

Abstract

Hukuk tasarımı, hukuk uygulamalarının ve hukuki metinlerin görselleştirilerek hukukla etkileşime geçen herkes için onların ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda kolay anlaşılmasını sağlamaktır. Hukukun herkes tarafından anlaşılabilmesini sağlamak hukuk disiplininin meslek mensupları açısından seçkinci yapısına zarar vermez mi? Ya da hukuk metinlerinin herkes tarafından anlaşılması gerekli midir? Kuşkusuz bu konular hakkında farklı değerlendirmeler yapılabilir fakat bir gerçektir ki hukuk hizmetlerinin sunumunda hizmet kullanıcısı, sunulan bilgi yönüyle avukatlar ve diğer meslek mensuplarınca yeterince tatmin edilmemekte ve sonuç olarak memnuniyet düzeyi düşük kalmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, özellikle teknolojik devrimle hayatımıza giren yeni uygulamalar ve kavramların ortaya çıkardığı karmaşık sorunlar, artık tek bir disiplin tarafından çözülebilecek nitelikte değildir. Bu durumda, sorunu çözmek adına birden fazla disiplinin bir arada veya iç içe olduğu mekanizmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Hukuk tasarımı bu yönüyle her olgu veya olayın özelinde farklılaşmakla birlikte hukukun yanında tasarım, psikoloji, sosyoloji, sosyal çalışmalar ve proje yönetimi gibi disiplinlerin de olduğu bir yapı sergilemektedir. Hukuk alanında kabul edilen yeni bir yaklaşım olarak hukuk tasarımı ile kullanıcı merkezli yenilik, adalete erişimin yaygın olarak sağlanması, hukuk eğitiminde niteliğin arttırılması ve kullanıcıların tatmin edici bilgiyle memnuniyetinin arttırılması mümkün olacaktır.

Keywords

• Hukuk
• Tasarım
• Hukuk Tasarımı

Visualizing the Law: Legal Design

Abstract

Legal design is to ensure that legal practices and legal texts are visualized and easy to understand in line with their needs for everyone who interacts with the law. Doesn't ensuring that the law can be understood by everyone harms the elitist nature of the legal discipline for the members of the profession? Or is it necessary for legal texts to be understood by everyone? Complex problems created by new applications and concepts that came into our lives, especially with the technological revolution, can no longer be solved by a single discipline. In this case, there is a need for mechanisms in which more than one discipline is combined or intertwined in order to solve the problem. With this aspect, legal design differs according to each case or event, and it exhibits a structure that includes disciplines such as design, psychology, sociology, social studies and project management as well as law. With legal design as a new approach accepted in the field of law, it will be possible to provide user-centered innovation, to ensure widespread access to justice, to increase the quality of legal education and to increase the satisfaction of users with satisfactory information.

Keywords

• Law
• Design
• Legal Design

References

1. A Better Legal Internet. “Design Principles.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 1, 2022. https://betterinternet.law.stanford.edu/design-guide/design-principles/.
2. Aydın, Dicle ve M. Mithat Özgen. “Mimari Programlama ve Tasarım için Çözümleme: Adalet Sarayları.” Online Journal of Art and Design 5, no. 1 (2017): 91– 104.
3. Becher, Tony. Academic Tribes and Territories: Intellectual enquiry and the culture of disciplines. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1989.
4. Berger-Walliser, Gerlinde, Thomas. D. Barton, and Helena Haapio. ”From visualization to legal design: A collaborative and creative process.” American Business Law Journal 54, no. 2 (Summer 2017): 347-392.
5. Bell, Felicity. “The Sustainability of Law and Lawyers.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 13, 2022. https://www.lawsociety.com.au/sites/default/files/2021-6/LS3600_FLIP_FlipStream2021-Legal%20Design-v03a.pdf.
6. Botes, Marietjie and Rossi, Arianna. “Back to the Future with Icons and Images: Using ‘Low-Tech’ to Communicate and Protect Privacy and Data.” Legal Design Perspectives: Theoretical and Practical Insights from the Field, ed. by Rossana Ducato and Alain Strowel. (2021): 209-226.
7. Davis, Martha F. “What is Essential: Legal Design And Client Stories.” Elon Law Journal 13, no. 39 (2021): 39-74.
8. Design Council. “What is the Double Diamond.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 5, 2022. https://tinyurl.com/mt8pxf2d.

9. Dixon, Margaret Spencer. “Project Management for Lawyers (with Forms and Exhibits).” 64 Practise. L. 31, 32 (2018).
10. Doherty, Michael. Disciplinarity and the modes of legal design, in Lockton. Edited by. D., Lenzi, S., Hekkert, P., Oak, A., Sádaba, J., Lloyd, P. Bilbao: 2022. https://doi.org/10.21606/ drs.2022.537.
11. Gordon, Robert W. “Lawyers, the Legal Profession & Access to Justice in the United States: A Brief History.” Daedalus 148, no. 1 (2019): 177–89. https://www.jstor.org/stable/48562980.
12. Haapio, Helena. “Business Success and Problem Prevention through Proactive Contracting”. Wahlgren P (Ed.), A Proactive Approach. Scandinavian Studies in Law 49, Stockholm Institute for Scandinavian Law, (Stockholm 2006): 149–194. Erişim tarihi Ağustos 10, 2022. http://www.scandinavianlaw.se/pdf/49-9.pdf.
13. Hagan, Margaret. “Law by Design.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 10, 2022, http://www.lawbydesign.co/.
14. Hagan, Margaret. "A Human-Centered Design Approach to Access to Justice: Generating New Prototypes and Hypotheses for Intervention to Make Courts User-Friendly." Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality 6, no. 2 (2018): 199-239.
15. Hagan; Margaret. “Legal Design as a Thing: A Theory of Change and a Set of Methods to Craft a Human-Centered Legal System.” Design Issues 36, no. 3 (2020): 3-15.
16. Hagan, Margaret. Design Comes to the Law School. Modernising Legal Education, edited by Catrina Denvir, Cambridge University Press (2019): 109-111.
17. Hagan, Margaret. “Flipping Lawyers from Talking to Doing: Prototype-First Design Process.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 14, 2022. http://www.openlawlab.com/2017/03/24/flipping-lawyers-from-talking-to-doing-prototype-first-design-process/ Hagan, Margaret. “Introduction in Law by Design.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 18, 2022. https://www.lawbydesign.co/. HSBC, “Genel Kredi Sözleşmesi” Erişim tarihi Eylül 20, 2022.
18. https://www.business.hsbc.com.tr.
19. Jackson, Dan. “Human-Centered Legal Tech: Integrating Design in Legal Education.”Law Teacher 50, no. 1 (2016): 82–97.
20. Ji, Xiaoyu. Where design and law meet (An empirical study for understanding legal design and its implication for research and practice), Helsinki: Aalto University School of Arts, 2019. https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/bitstream/handle/123456789/42645/master_Ji_Xiaoyu_2019.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
21. Kennedy, Bill, Emily Fisher and Colin Bailey “Framing in Race-Conscious, Anti-Poverty Advocacy: A Science-Based Guide to Delivering Your Most Persuasive Message.” Clearinghouse Rev 43, no.9-10 (2010): 408-421.
22. Kohlmeier, Astrid. “What is Legal Design Thinking? A Guide for Legal Professionals.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 1, 2022. https://www.legalfestival.com/blog/what-is-legal-design-thinking-a-guide-for-legal-professionals.
23. Kohlmeier, Astrid. “Legal Design and Mastering Challenges in the Legal Market.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 10, 2022. https://astridkohlmeier.de/wpcontent/uploads/2020/01/legaldesign_legalbusinessworld_neo.pdf.
24. Korhonen, Hannele. “Lawyer’s Design School.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 20, 2022, https://lawyersdesignschool.com/what-is-legal-design-and-why-you-should-care/.
25. Korum New Law. “Innovation in Legal Services: What it is and How We Do it.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 25, 2022. https://blog.korumlegal.com/innovation-in-legal-services-what-it-is-and-how-we-do-it.
26. Küçüktaşdemir, Özgür.“Mitolojide Adalet İmgeleri”, ViraVerita E-Dergi 5 (2016): 87-132.
27. Law Career Start. “How Legal Design can help in the metaverse’s regulation?.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 17, 2022. https://lawcareerstart.ch/how-legal-design-can-help-in-the-metaverses-regulation/.
28. Leachman, Gwendolyn. Legal Framing. Studies in Law, Politics, and Society. Edited by Austin Sarat, (setting out a typology of legal frames), 2013.
29. Legal Design Alliance, “Legal Design Manifesto.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 10, 2022. https://www.legaldesignalliance.org/.
30. Metin, Ebru. “Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Hukukta Tasarım Metodu (Legal Design).” Erişim tarihi: Temmuz, 30 2022. https://www.aycaakkayanyildirim.com/yeni-bir-yaklasim-hukukta-tasarim-metodu-legal-design/
31. McKinsey&Company. “The Business Value of Design.” Erişim tarihi Temmuz 20, 2022, https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/mckinsey-design/our-insights/the-business-value-of-design.
32. Michigan Advocacy Program Graphic Advocacy Project. “Build a Better Strategies for User-Informed Legal Design.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 14, 2022.
33. https://www.lsntap.org/sites/lsntap.org/files/MAP%20x%20GAP%20Report%20-%20Strategies%20for%20User-Informed%20Legal%20Design.pdf.
34. Nousiainen, Katri. “General theory of legal design in law and economics framework of commercial contracting.” Journal of Strategic Contracting and Negotiation 5, no. 4, (2021): 248.
35. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20555636211061611.
36. Institute of Design at Standford. “An Introduction to Design Thinking process guide.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 5, 2022. https://web.stanford.edu/~mshanks/MichaelShanks/files/509554.pdf Passera, Stefania. “Juro Privacy Policy.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 20, 2022. https://stefaniapassera.com/portfolio/juro/.
37. Potel-Saville, Marie. “An Introduction to Legal Design, Practical Law UK Practice Note w-020-2432.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 18, 2022.
38. https://www.amurabi.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/An-introduction-to-legal-design.pdf.
39. Prolawgue, “Legal Design: A Beginner’s Guide.” Erişim tarihi Eylül 20, 2022. https://www.prolawgue.com/legal-design-a-beginners-guide.
40. Ogletree, Charles J. “Beyond Justifications: Seeking Motivations to Sustain Public Defenders.” The Harvard Law Review Association 106, no. 6 (1993): 1239-1294.
41. Stickdorn, Marc, Markus Edgar Hormess, Adam Lawrence and Jakob Schneider, This is Service Design Doing. (O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2018).
42. Taştan, Furkan Güven. “Legal Design: Tasarım, Hukuki Mevzulara Burnunu Sokarsa.” Erişim tarihi Temmuz 30, 2022. https://www.sinerjik.org/2019/09/legal-design-tasarim-hukuki-mevzulara-burnunu-sokarsa/.
43. Uncular, Selen. “Legal Design: An Emerging Alliance for Creating Socio-Ecological Impact in a Changing World.” Erişim tarihi Temmuz 30, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3965797.
44. Yankovskiy, M. Roman. “Legal Design: New Challenges and New Opportunities.” Zakon, no. 5, 2019: 1, 76-92. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3447215