A New Candidate Biomarker in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Metastatic Lung Cancer: High DICER1 Expression Level
Year 2020,
Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 123 - 138, 01.06.2020
Mukaddes Avşar Saral
Nurcan Çırak
Gözde Türkcan
Demet A. Ödemiş
Şeref Buğra Tunçer
Seda K. Erciyas
,
Özge Ş. Erdoğan
Makbule Tambaş
Hülya Yazıcı
Abstract
Objective: Lung cancer is in the first place in the world in terms of cancerrelated
incidence and mortality. Since cancer is a multifactorial disease, it is
very important to try to illuminate the mechanisms associated with cancer.
It is known that miRNA activity, which is closely related to carcinogenesis,
is impaired with various mechanisms. One of these mechanisms is the
molecular changes that occur during miRNA process. DICER1 has an
important function in microRNA biogenesis. In our study, it was aimed to
investigate the effect of DICER1 gene expression level on metastatic lung
cancer development.
Material and Method: The study groups consist of peripheral blood
samples of 47 patients with metastatic lung cancer who had recently
been diagnosed but had never been treated and 45 healthy people. The
investigated DICER1 target gene was examined simultaneously with the
HPRT1 reference gene by using the Real-Time PCR method. The results of
DICER1 gene expression levels of patients and those of healthy individuals
were compared. The results were evaluated by using the 2-ΔΔCT method.
Results: The expression level of DICER1 gene in the peripheral blood
lymphocytes of patients with metastatic lung cancer was increased by
1.756 (2-ΔΔCt) fold compared to the healthy control group and the increased
expression level was statistically significant, p <0.05.
Discussion and Conclusion: The results of our study were found correlated
with the results of the study on tumor tissue of lung cancer in the literature.
In this context, it is suggested that DICER1 expression in the peripheral
blood lymphocytes will provide information about the level of DICER1
expression in tumor tissue of metastatic lung patients whose tissues
cannot be reached. In addition, the study is the first to investigate DICER1
expression in the peripheral blood samples of lung cancer patients.
References
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10.1378/chest.07-1347
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Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention. Clin Chest Med, 41(1), 1-24. doi:
10.1016/j.ccm.2019.10.001
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lung cancer: microRNA signatures in cancer prognosis. Cancer J, 18(3),
268-274. doi: 10.1097/PPO.0b013e318258b743
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Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates
of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA
Cancer J Clin, 68(6), 394-424. doi: 10.3322/caac.21492
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present status and future developments. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 137(9),
1191-1198. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0319-CR
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I., Levidou, G., . . . Saetta, A. A. (2015). Comprehensive Molecular
Analysis of NSCLC; Clinicopathological Associations. PLoS One, 10(7),
e0133859. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133859
- [7] Chen, X., Li, W. F., Wu, X., Zhang, H. C., Chen, L., Zhang, P. Y., . .
. Tang, K. F. (2017). Dicer regulates non-homologous end joining and is
associated with chemosensitivity in colon cancer patients. Carcinogenesis,
38(9), 873-882. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgx059
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W., Montironi, R., Lopez-Beltran, A., . . . Zhang, S. (2012). Molecular
pathology of lung cancer: key to personalized medicine. Mod Pathol,
25(3), 347-369. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.215
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T., Sobol, R. W., & Dhir, R. (2006). Up-regulation of dicer, a component
of the MicroRNA machinery, in prostate adenocarcinoma. Am J Pathol,
169(5), 1812-1820. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2006.060480
- [10] Chiosea, S., Jelezcova, E., Chandran, U., Luo, J., Mantha, G., Sobol,
R. W., & Dacic, S. (2007). Overexpression of Dicer in precursor lesions of
lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res, 67(5), 2345-2350. doi: 10.1158/0008-
5472.CAN-06-3533
- [11] Del Vescovo, V., & Denti, M. A. (2015). microRNA and Lung Cancer.
Adv Exp Med Biol, 889, 153-177. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-23730-5_9
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developments and potential clinical applications. Cancer Biol Ther, 8(24),
2317-2322. doi: 10.4161/cbt.8.24.10765
- [13] Foulkes, W. D., Priest, J. R., & Duchaine, T. F. (2014). DICER1:
mutations, microRNAs and mechanisms. Nat Rev Cancer, 14(10), 662-
672. doi: 10.1038/nrc3802
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Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis in cancer: the impact of mutant
p53 on Drosha complex activity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 35, 45. doi:
10.1186/s13046-016-0319-x
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mRNA Decay and Translational Repression. Trends Cell Biol, 25(11),
651-665. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.07.011
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Lamont, R. J., . . . Chan, E. K. (2010). Overexpression of dicer as a result of
reduced let-7 MicroRNA levels contributes to increased cell proliferation
of oral cancer cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer, 49(6), 549-559. doi:
10.1002/gcc.20765
- [17] Karube, Y., Tanaka, H., Osada, H., Tomida, S., Tatematsu, Y.,
Yanagisawa, K., . . . Takahashi, T. (2005). Reduced expression of Dicer
associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Cancer Sci, 96(2),
111-115. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00015.x
- [18] Lee, S. S., Min, H., Ha, J. Y., Kim, B. H., Choi, M. S., & Kim, S.
(2019). Dysregulation of the miRNA biogenesis components DICER1,
DROSHA, DGCR8 and AGO2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma in both
a Korean cohort and the cancer genome atlas kidney clear cell carcinoma
cohort. Oncol Lett, 18(4), 4337-4345. doi: 10.3892/ol.2019.10759
- [19] Macfarlane, L. A., & Murphy, P. R. (2010). MicroRNA: Biogenesis,
Function and Role in Cancer. Curr Genomics, 11(7), 537-561. doi:
10.2174/138920210793175895
- [20] Malhotra, J., Malvezzi, M., Negri, E., La Vecchia, C., & Boffetta, P.
(2016). Risk factors for lung cancer worldwide. Eur Respir J, 48(3), 889-
902. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00359-2016
- [21] Pampalakis, G., Diamandis, E. P., Katsaros, D., & Sotiropoulou, G.
(2010). Down-regulation of dicer expression in ovarian cancer tissues.
Clin Biochem, 43(3), 324-327. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.09.014
- [22] Prodromaki, E., Korpetinou, A., Giannopoulou, E., Vlotinou, E.,
Chatziathanasiadou, M., Papachristou, N. I., . . . Papachristou, D. J.
- (2015). Expression of the microRNA regulators Drosha, Dicer and Ago2
in non-small cell lung carcinomas. Cell Oncol (Dordr), 38(4), 307-317.
doi: 10.1007/s13402-015-0231-y
- [23] Ramalingam, S. S., Owonikoko, T. K., & Khuri, F. R. (2011). Lung
cancer: New biological insights and recent therapeutic advances. CA
Cancer J Clin, 61(2), 91-112. doi: 10.3322/caac.20102
- [24] Rupaimoole, R., & Slack, F. J. (2017). MicroRNA therapeutics:
towards a new era for the management of cancer and other diseases. Nat
Rev Drug Discov, 16(3), 203-222. doi: 10.1038/nrd.2016.246
- [25] To, S. K. Y., Mak, A. S. C., Eva Fung, Y. M., Che, C. M., Li, S. S.,
Deng, W., . . . Wong, A. S. T. (2017). beta-catenin downregulates Dicer
to promote ovarian cancer metastasis. Oncogene, 36(43), 5927-5938. doi:
10.1038/onc.2017.185
- [26] Torre, L. A., Siegel, R. L., & Jemal, A. (2016). Lung Cancer Statistics.
Adv Exp Med Biol, 893, 1-19. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-24223-1_1
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Oncol Clin North Am, 31(1), 13-29. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2016.08.006
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D., Clarke, C. A., . . . West, D. W. (2007). Lung cancer incidence in never
smokers. J Clin Oncol, 25(5), 472-478. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2006.07.2983
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Giannakakis, A., . . . Coukos, G. (2006). microRNAs exhibit high frequency
genomic alterations in human cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 103(24),
9136-9141. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0508889103
Metastatik Akciğer Kanserli Hastaların Periferik Kanında Yeni Aday Biyomarker: Yüksek DICER1 Ekspresyon Düzeyi
Year 2020,
Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 123 - 138, 01.06.2020
Mukaddes Avşar Saral
Nurcan Çırak
Gözde Türkcan
Demet A. Ödemiş
Şeref Buğra Tunçer
Seda K. Erciyas
,
Özge Ş. Erdoğan
Makbule Tambaş
Hülya Yazıcı
Abstract
Amaç: Akciğer kanseri, dünyada kansere bağlı insidans ve mortalite açısından birinci sırada yer almaktadır. Kanserin multifaktoriyel bir hastalık olması nedeniyle kanserle ilişkili mekanizmaların aydınlatılmaya çalışılması oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Kanserle yakından ilgili olan miRNA aktivitesinin çeşitli mekanizmalarla bozulduğu bilinmektedir. Bu mekanizmalardan biri de miRNA işlenmesi sırasında meydana gelen moleküler değişikliklerdir. DICER1, microRNA biyogenezinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Çalışmamızda, akciğer kanserli hastaların periferik kan lenfositlerinde DICER1 gen ifade düzeyinin sağlıklı kişilerle karşılaştırılarak metastatik akciğer kanseri
gelişimindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma grubu yeni tanı almış ve daha önce hiç
tedavi görmemiş 47 akciğer kanserli hasta ile 45 sağlıklı kişinin periferik
kan örneklerinden oluşturuldu. Araştırılan DICER1 hedef geni, HPRT1
referans geni ile eş zamanlı olarak Gerçek-Zamanlı PCR yöntemiyle
incelendi. Akciğer kanser hastalarına ait gen ekspresyon düzeyi ile
sağlıklı kişilerden oluşan kontrol grubu DICER1 gen ekspresyon sonuçları
karşılaştırıldı. Sonuçlar 2-ΔΔCT metodu kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Sonuçlar: Akciğer kanser hastalarının periferik kan lenfositlerinde
DICER1 gen ifade düzeyinin (2-ΔΔCt) kontrol grubuna göre 1,756 kat arttığı,
bu artmış ekspresyon düzeyinin istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı (p< 0,05)
olduğu görüldü.
Tartışma: Metastatik akciğer kanserli hastaların periferik kan
lenfositlerinde yapılan çalışmamızdan çıkan sonuçlar literatürde tümör
dokusunda yapılan çalışma ile korelasyon göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda
periferik kan lenfositlerindeki DICER1 ekspresyon düzeyinin, metastatik
akciğer hastalarının tümör dokusundaki DICER1 gen ekspresyon düzeyi
hakkında bilgi vereceğini ve dokusuna ulaşılamayan hastalar için iyi bir
uygulama olacağını düşündürmektedir. Ayrıca çalışma literatürde akciğer
kanserli hastaların periferik kan örneklerinde DICER1 ekspresyonunun
araştırıldığı ilk çalışma niteliği taşımaktadır.
References
- [1] Alberg, A. J., Ford, J. G., Samet, J. M., & American College of Chest,
P. (2007). Epidemiology of lung cancer: ACCP evidence-based clinical
practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest, 132(3 Suppl), 29S-55S. doi:
10.1378/chest.07-1347
- [2] Bade, B. C., & Dela Cruz, C. S. (2020). Lung Cancer 2020:
Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention. Clin Chest Med, 41(1), 1-24. doi:
10.1016/j.ccm.2019.10.001
- [3] Boeri, M., Pastorino, U., & Sozzi, G. (2012). Role of microRNAs in
lung cancer: microRNA signatures in cancer prognosis. Cancer J, 18(3),
268-274. doi: 10.1097/PPO.0b013e318258b743
- [4] Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R. L., Torre, L. A., &
Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates
of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA
Cancer J Clin, 68(6), 394-424. doi: 10.3322/caac.21492
- [5] Cagle, P. T., Allen, T. C., & Olsen, R. J. (2013). Lung cancer biomarkers:
present status and future developments. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 137(9),
1191-1198. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0319-CR
- [6] Chatziandreou, I., Tsioli, P., Sakellariou, S., Mourkioti, I., Giannopoulou,
I., Levidou, G., . . . Saetta, A. A. (2015). Comprehensive Molecular
Analysis of NSCLC; Clinicopathological Associations. PLoS One, 10(7),
e0133859. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133859
- [7] Chen, X., Li, W. F., Wu, X., Zhang, H. C., Chen, L., Zhang, P. Y., . .
. Tang, K. F. (2017). Dicer regulates non-homologous end joining and is
associated with chemosensitivity in colon cancer patients. Carcinogenesis,
38(9), 873-882. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgx059
- [8] Cheng, L., Alexander, R. E., Maclennan, G. T., Cummings, O.
W., Montironi, R., Lopez-Beltran, A., . . . Zhang, S. (2012). Molecular
pathology of lung cancer: key to personalized medicine. Mod Pathol,
25(3), 347-369. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.215
- [9] Chiosea, S., Jelezcova, E., Chandran, U., Acquafondata, M., McHale,
T., Sobol, R. W., & Dhir, R. (2006). Up-regulation of dicer, a component
of the MicroRNA machinery, in prostate adenocarcinoma. Am J Pathol,
169(5), 1812-1820. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2006.060480
- [10] Chiosea, S., Jelezcova, E., Chandran, U., Luo, J., Mantha, G., Sobol,
R. W., & Dacic, S. (2007). Overexpression of Dicer in precursor lesions of
lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res, 67(5), 2345-2350. doi: 10.1158/0008-
5472.CAN-06-3533
- [11] Del Vescovo, V., & Denti, M. A. (2015). microRNA and Lung Cancer.
Adv Exp Med Biol, 889, 153-177. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-23730-5_9
- [12] Erson, A. E., & Petty, E. M. (2009). miRNAs and cancer: New research
developments and potential clinical applications. Cancer Biol Ther, 8(24),
2317-2322. doi: 10.4161/cbt.8.24.10765
- [13] Foulkes, W. D., Priest, J. R., & Duchaine, T. F. (2014). DICER1:
mutations, microRNAs and mechanisms. Nat Rev Cancer, 14(10), 662-
672. doi: 10.1038/nrc3802
- [14] Gurtner, A., Falcone, E., Garibaldi, F., & Piaggio, G. (2016).
Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis in cancer: the impact of mutant
p53 on Drosha complex activity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 35, 45. doi:
10.1186/s13046-016-0319-x
- [15] Iwakawa, H. O., & Tomari, Y. (2015). The Functions of MicroRNAs:
mRNA Decay and Translational Repression. Trends Cell Biol, 25(11),
651-665. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.07.011
- [16] Jakymiw, A., Patel, R. S., Deming, N., Bhattacharyya, I., Shah, P.,
Lamont, R. J., . . . Chan, E. K. (2010). Overexpression of dicer as a result of
reduced let-7 MicroRNA levels contributes to increased cell proliferation
of oral cancer cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer, 49(6), 549-559. doi:
10.1002/gcc.20765
- [17] Karube, Y., Tanaka, H., Osada, H., Tomida, S., Tatematsu, Y.,
Yanagisawa, K., . . . Takahashi, T. (2005). Reduced expression of Dicer
associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Cancer Sci, 96(2),
111-115. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00015.x
- [18] Lee, S. S., Min, H., Ha, J. Y., Kim, B. H., Choi, M. S., & Kim, S.
(2019). Dysregulation of the miRNA biogenesis components DICER1,
DROSHA, DGCR8 and AGO2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma in both
a Korean cohort and the cancer genome atlas kidney clear cell carcinoma
cohort. Oncol Lett, 18(4), 4337-4345. doi: 10.3892/ol.2019.10759
- [19] Macfarlane, L. A., & Murphy, P. R. (2010). MicroRNA: Biogenesis,
Function and Role in Cancer. Curr Genomics, 11(7), 537-561. doi:
10.2174/138920210793175895
- [20] Malhotra, J., Malvezzi, M., Negri, E., La Vecchia, C., & Boffetta, P.
(2016). Risk factors for lung cancer worldwide. Eur Respir J, 48(3), 889-
902. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00359-2016
- [21] Pampalakis, G., Diamandis, E. P., Katsaros, D., & Sotiropoulou, G.
(2010). Down-regulation of dicer expression in ovarian cancer tissues.
Clin Biochem, 43(3), 324-327. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.09.014
- [22] Prodromaki, E., Korpetinou, A., Giannopoulou, E., Vlotinou, E.,
Chatziathanasiadou, M., Papachristou, N. I., . . . Papachristou, D. J.
- (2015). Expression of the microRNA regulators Drosha, Dicer and Ago2
in non-small cell lung carcinomas. Cell Oncol (Dordr), 38(4), 307-317.
doi: 10.1007/s13402-015-0231-y
- [23] Ramalingam, S. S., Owonikoko, T. K., & Khuri, F. R. (2011). Lung
cancer: New biological insights and recent therapeutic advances. CA
Cancer J Clin, 61(2), 91-112. doi: 10.3322/caac.20102
- [24] Rupaimoole, R., & Slack, F. J. (2017). MicroRNA therapeutics:
towards a new era for the management of cancer and other diseases. Nat
Rev Drug Discov, 16(3), 203-222. doi: 10.1038/nrd.2016.246
- [25] To, S. K. Y., Mak, A. S. C., Eva Fung, Y. M., Che, C. M., Li, S. S.,
Deng, W., . . . Wong, A. S. T. (2017). beta-catenin downregulates Dicer
to promote ovarian cancer metastasis. Oncogene, 36(43), 5927-5938. doi:
10.1038/onc.2017.185
- [26] Torre, L. A., Siegel, R. L., & Jemal, A. (2016). Lung Cancer Statistics.
Adv Exp Med Biol, 893, 1-19. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-24223-1_1
- [27] Villalobos, P., & Wistuba, II. (2017). Lung Cancer Biomarkers. Hematol
Oncol Clin North Am, 31(1), 13-29. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2016.08.006
- [28] Wakelee, H. A., Chang, E. T., Gomez, S. L., Keegan, T. H., Feskanich,
D., Clarke, C. A., . . . West, D. W. (2007). Lung cancer incidence in never
smokers. J Clin Oncol, 25(5), 472-478. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2006.07.2983
- [29] Zhang, L., Huang, J., Yang, N., Greshock, J., Megraw, M. S.,
Giannakakis, A., . . . Coukos, G. (2006). microRNAs exhibit high frequency
genomic alterations in human cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 103(24),
9136-9141. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0508889103