Fatwas of the Ottoman Period Nukullu: “Bahru’l-Fatawa”In this article, This thesis which entitled of evaluationangle of fatwa Kadızade Muhammad Arif Effendi’s Bahru’l Fetâvâ, was Prepared by accessing. İn this thesis Islamic law brings,the scope of the concept of fatwa “nukûllü fatwa” typescan be considered today by translate to Turkish. Also Kadızâde’s fatwas examined that trade, land, foundations, and legal problems and solution sencountered in the areas of criminal law were investigated in the first half centuryof the Ottoman period, Erzurum community in the XVIII. Century. How Islamic lawis under stood in this period obtained with those data and this study tried to bedetected how is applied.Kadızâde’s fatwas seems to be closely connected to Hanafi sect. When he encounters the different opinions in a matterof in the rich corpus of law, It is observed that he have been trying to prefer the opinions of affairs to society and state which even though it was weak. When he found it difficult to choose one of the convictions he kept the path that put forward the solution which corresponds to affairs by classified to scholars. Kadızâde has take the basic of Ottoman practice in his fatwa’s for Şia, he specify clearly that the Ottoman sultans representative of the Sunni muslim. Hetried to stay in line for Sunni community with his fatwa’s. Additionally, his fatwa’s related with landand money foundations, and many issue like that.It can be said that shortly the Kadızâde’s study of Mezbur, without going out of the classic approach of Islamic law, exposes the practices in the way of Hanafi jurisprudence to appropriate contribution affairs to society and state.
Bu makalede tarafımızdan hazırlanan "Kadızâde Muhammed Arif Efendi'nin "Bahru'l Fetâvâ" Adlı Eserinin Fetva Açısından Değerlendirilmesi" adlı bu tezde İslâm hukukundaki fetva konsepti kapsamında "nükûllü fetva" türlerinden sayılabilecek bir yazma eseri latinize ederek günümüze kazandırılan fetva kitabını tanıtmak olacaktır. Ayrıca Kadızâde'nin fetvalarından hareketle XVIII. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Osmanlı dönemi Erzurum toplumunda aile, ticaret, arazi, vakıf ve ceza hukuku alanlarında karşılaşılan hukukî sorunları ve çözümleri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerden hareketle bu dönemde İslâm hukukunun nasıl anlaşıldığı, uygulandığı tespit edilemeye çalışılmıştır. Kadızâde'nin fetvalarında Hanefî mezhebine sıkı sıkıya bağlı kalmaya özen gösterdiği anlaşılmaktadır. O, devraldığı zengin hukuk külliyâtı içinde bir meselede farklı görüşlerle karşılaştığında; zayıf da olsa devlet ve toplum maslahatına uygun görüşü tercih etmeye çalıştığı gözlenmiştir. İctihadlar arasından birini tercihte zorlandığı durumlarda fakihleri tasnif ederek maslahata uygun çözümü ortaya koyma yolunu tutmuştur. Kadızâde, Şia'ya yönelik fetvalarında Osmanlı uygulamasını esas almış, Osmanlı sultanlarının Sünnîliğin temsilcisi olduğunu açıkça belirtmiştir. O, fetvalarıyla toplumun Sünnî çizgide kalmasına çaba göstermiştir. Ayrıca başta arazi ve para vakfıyla ilgili olmak üzere pek çok fetvalara da yer vermiştir. Kısaca Kadızâde'nin eser-i mezburu İslâm hukukunda klasiğin dışına çıkmadan yaşadığı dönemin sorunlarına Hanefi fıkhında devlet ve toplum maslahatına uygun pratikleri ortaya koymaya katkı sağladığı söylenebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Nukul, fetva ABSTRACT In this article, This thesis which entitled of evaluationangle of fatwa Kadızade Muhammad Arif Effendi's Bahru'l Fetâvâ, was Prepared by accessing. İn this thesis Islamic law brings,the scope of the concept of fatwa "nukûllü fatwa" typescan be considered today by translate to Turkish. Also Kadızâde's fatwas examined that trade, land, foundations, and legal problems and solution sencountered in the areas of criminal law were investigated in the first half centuryof the Ottoman period, Erzurum community in the XVIII. Century. How Islamic lawis under stood in this period obtained with those data and this study tried to bedetected how is applied. Kadızâde's fatwas seems to be closely connected to Hanafi sect. When he encounters the different opinions in a matterof in the rich corpus of law, It is observed that he have been trying to prefer the opinions of affairs to society and state which even though it was weak. When he found it difficult to choose one of the convictions he kept the path that put forward the solution which corresponds to affairs by classified to scholars. Kadızâde has take the basic of Ottoman practice in his fatwa's for Şia, he specify clearly that the Ottoman sultans representative of the Sunni muslim. Hetried to stay in line for Sunni community with his fatwa's. Additionally, his fatwa's related with landand money foundations, and many issue like that. It can be said that shortly the Kadızâde's study of Mezbur, without going out of the classic approach of Islamic law, exposes the practices in the way of Hanafi jurisprudence to appropriate contribution affairs to society and state. Keywords: Nukul, fatwa
Primary Language | tr;en |
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Journal Section | Makaleler |
Authors | |
Publication Date | July 11, 2013 |
Published in Issue | Year 2013 Issue: 39 |