Sütçü İneklerde Döl Veriminin Artırılmasına Yönelik Tohumlama Sırası/Sonrası GnRH Uygulamaları

Year 2021, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 101 - 109, 26.04.2021

Ömer Faruk Yeşilkaya , Hüseyin Erdem

Abstract

Süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde en önemli sorun, suni tohumlamalardan optimal gebe kalma oranlarının elde edilememesidir. Optimal gebe kalma oranı başlıca ovulasyon mekanizmasındaki aksaklıklar ve erken/geç embriyonik ölümler nedeniyle elde edilememektedir. Bu sorunun çözümünde ise değişik hormonlar ve stratejiler uygulanmaktadır. Bu hormonlardan gonadotropin salgılatıcı hormon (GnRH) suni tohumlama sırası ve/veya sonrasında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Suni tohumlama sırasında uygulanan GnRH ile ovulasyonun gecikmesi veya anovulasyon gibi durumların engellenmesi/azaltılması amaçlanmaktadır. Suni tohumlama sonrasında ise değişik günlerde uygulanan GnRH ile progesteron seviyesi yükseltilerek, erken/geç embriyonik ölümlerin önlenmesi/azaltılması amaçlanmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre her iki uygulama sonrasında gebe kalma oranının arttığı belirtilmektedir. Buna ilaveten, pratik uygulanabilirliği ve kolaylıkla temin edilebilmesi, bilinen yan etkilerinin ve et/sütte kalıntı sorununun olmaması önemli avantajları olarak kabul edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla her bir gebelik çok büyük değer taşıdığı için, GnRH uygulaması suni tohumlama sırasında/sonrasında her zaman önerilebilir. Sunulan derlemede suni tohumlama sırasında ve/veya sonrasında GnRH uygulamasının döl verimi üzerine yaptığı katkı değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Fertilite, GnRH, İnek, Suni tohumlama sırası, Suni tohumlama sonrası

Supporting Institution

-

Project Number

-

Thanks

-

Effect of GnRH Treatment During/After Insemination for Increasing Fertility of Dairy Cows

Abstract

The most important problem in dairy farms is that optimal conception rates cannot be obtained from artificial inseminations. Optimal conception rates cannot be obtained due to ovulation problems and early/ late embryonic losses. Therefore, different hormones and strategies are conducted in the solution process. One of these hormones, which is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), is widely used during and / or after artificial insemination. It is aimed to prevent / reduce delay in ovulation or anovulation with GnRH that is administrated during artificial insemination. When GnRH is administrated on different days, progesterone level is increased, therefore it is aimed to prevent/ reduce early/ late embryonic losses. According to obtained results, it can be stated that conception rate has been increased after both administrations. In addition, it is stated that GnRH hormone has many vital advantages such as its practical applicability, common availability, no side effects and no residue in meat / milk. Therefore, GnRH treatment can always be suggested during / after artificial insemination due to the effects on conception. This review summarizes the effects of GnRH, which is conducted during and / or after artificial insemination, on fertilization has been indicated.

Keywords

After artidical inseminations, Dairy Cow, During artifical inseminations fertility, GnRH

Project Number

-

References

• 1. Schally AV., 1987. Aspects of hypothalamic regulation of the pituitary gland. Science, 202, 18-28.
• 2. Millar RP., 2005. GnRHs and GnRH receptors. Anim Reprod Sci, 88, 5-28.
• 3. Adams TE., 2005. Using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH analogs to modulate testis function and enhance the productivity of domestic animals. Anim Reprod Sci, 88, 127-139.
• 4. Gürler H., Fındık M., 2015. Gonadotropin Salgılatıcı Hormon. Turkiye Klinikleri Veteriner J Vet Obstet Gynecol-Special Topics, 1, 7-11.
• 5. Willard S., Gandy S., Bowers S., Graves K., Elias A., Whisnant C., 2003. The effects of GnRH administration postinsemination on serum concentrations of progesterone and pregnancy rates in dairy cattle exposed to mild summer heat stress. Theriogenology, 59, 1799-1810.
• 6. Hamid SA., Kamruzzaman SM., 2018. Effects of GnRH on Conception Rate at the Time of Artificial Insemination in Crossbred Dairy Cows. IJAST, 1, 19-33.
• 7. Mwaanga ES., Zdunczyk S., Janowski TZ., 2004. Comparative study on the efficacy of hormonal and non hormonal treatment methods in ovarian afunction affected dairy cows. B Vet I Pulawy, 48, 265-268.
• 8. Osawa T., Nakao T., Kimura M., Kaneko K., Takagi H., Moriyoshi M., Kawata K., 1995. Fertirelin and buserelin compared by LH release, milk progesterone and subsequent reproductive performance in dairy cows treated for follicular cysts. Theriogenology, 44, 835-847.
• 9. Ambrose JD., Pires MFA., Moreira F., Diaz T., Binelli M., Thatcher WW., 1998. Influence of deslorelin (GnRH-agonist) implant on plasma progesterone, first wave dominant follicle and pregnancy in dairy cattle. Theriogenology, 50, 1157-1170.
• 10. Hailu B., Gebrekidan B., Raju S., Birhanu A., Tadesse G., 2015. Effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue in enhancements of pregnancy in repeat breeding dairy cows in and around Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia. Anim Vet Sci, 3, 12-17.
• 11. Jaswal RS., Singh M., 2013. The effect of administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue at estrus or during luteal phase on reproductive performance of dairy cows maintained under sub-temperate climate. Iran J Vet Res, 14, 57-60.
• 12. Garcia-Ispierto I., De Rensis F., Perez-Salas JA., Nunes JM., Prades B., Serrano-Perez B., Lopez-Gatius F., 2019. The GnRH analogue dephereline given in a fixed-time AI protocol improves ovulation and embryo survival in dairy cows. Res Vet Sci, 122, 170-174.
• 13. Gümen A., Keskin A., Yilmazbas-Mecitoglu G., Karakaya E., Cevik S., Balci F., 2011. Effects of GnRH, PGF2α and oxytocin treatments on conception rate at the time of artificial insemination in lactating dairy cows. Czech J Anim Sci, 56, 279-283.
• 14. Valenza A., Giordano JO., Lopes JrG., Vincenti L., Amundson MC., Fricke PM., 2012. Assessment of an accelerometer system for detection of estrus and treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone at the time of insemination in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 95, 7115-7127.
• 15. Mendonça LGD., Mantelo FM., Stevenson JS., 2017. Fertility of lactating dairy cows treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone at AI, 5 days after AI, or both, during summer heat stress. Theriogenology, 91, 9-16.
• 16. Sertkol R., Sarıbay MK., 2017. Laktasyondaki İneklerde Tohumlama Anında Azaltılan GnRH Dozunun Gebelik Oranı Üzerine Etkisi. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 6, 46-50.
• 17. De Rensis F., Scaramuzzi RJ., 2003. Heat stress and seasonal effects on reproduction in the dairy cow a review. Theriogenology, 60, 1139-1151.
• 18. Vanselow J., Vernunft A., Koczan D., Spitschak M., Kuhla B., 2016. Exposure of lactating dairy cows to acute pre-ovulatory heat stress affects granulosa cell-specific gene expression profiles in dominant follicles. PloS one,11, e0160600.
• 19. De Rensis F., Garcia-Ispierto I., Lopez-Gatius F., 2015. Seasonal heat stress: Clinical implications and hormone treatments for the fertility of dairy cows. Theriogenology, 84, 659-666. 20. Kadzere CT., Murphy MR., Silanikove N., Maltz E., 2002. Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: a review. Livest Prod Sci, 77, 59-91.
• 21. Huber E., Notaro US., Recce S., Rodriguez FM., Ortega HH., Salvetti NR., Rey F., 2020. Fetal programming in dairy cows: effect of heat stress on progeny fertility and associations with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functions. Anim Reprod Sci, 216, 106348.
• 22. Lopez H., Caraviello DZ., Satter LD., Fricke PM., Wiltbank MC., 2005. Relationship between level of milk production and multiple ovulations in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 88, 2783-2793.
• 23. Sangsritavong S., Combs DK., Sartori R., Armentano LE., Wiltbank MC., 2002. High feed intake increases liver blood flow and metabolism of progesterone and estradiol-17β in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 85, 2831-2842.
• 24. Wiltbank M., Lopez H., Sartori R., Sangsritavong S., Gümen A., 2006. Changes in reproductive physiology of lactating dairy cows due to elevated steroid. Theriogenology, 65, 17-29.
• 25. Çınar M., 1999. PGF2α ile senkronize sütçü ineklerde tohumlama sırasında ve/veya tohumlamayı izleyen 12. günde GnRH uygulamalarının fertilite üzerine etkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye.
• 26. Shephard RW., Morton JM., Norman ST., 2014. Effects of administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone at artificial insemination on conception rates in dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 144, 14-21.
• 27. Humblot P., 2001. Use of pregnancy specific proteins and progesterone assays to monitor pregnancy and determine the timing, frequencies and sources of embryonic mortality in ruminants. Theriogenology, 56, 1417-1433.
• 28. Diskin MG., Waters SM., Parr MH., Kenny DA., 2016. Pregnancy losses in cattle: potential for improvement. Reprod Fertil Dev, 28, 83-93.
• 29. Sartori R., Sartor-Bergfelt R., Mertens SA., Guenther JN., Parrish JJ., Wiltbank MC., 2002. Fertilization and early embryonic development in heifers and lactating cows in summer and lactating and dry cows in winter. J Dairy Sci, 85, 2803-2812.
• 30. Silke V., Diskin MG., Kenny DA., Boland MP., Dillon P., Mee JF., Sreenan JM., 2002. Extent, pattern and factors associated with late embryonic loss in dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 71, 1-12.
• 31. Thatcher WW., Guzeloglu A., Meikle A., Kamimura S., Bilby T., Kowalski AA., Badinga L., Pershing R., Bartolome J., Santos JEP., 2003. Regulation of embryo survival in cattle. Reprod Suppl, 61, 253-266.
• 32. Dolezel R., Chambert C., Musilova D., Cech S., Palenik T., 2017. Induction of accessory corpus luteum by gonadorelin in relation to the time of treatment and the follicle size in inseminated cows. Czech J Anim Sci, 62, 195-200.
• 33. Pandey NKJ., Gupta HP., Prasad S., Sheetal SK., 2016. Plasma progesterone profile and conception rate following exogenous supplementation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin, and progesterone releasing intra-vaginal device in repeat-breeder crossbred cows. Vet World, 9, 559.
• 34. Khoramian B., Farzaneh N., Garoussi MT., Mohri M., 2011. Comparison of the effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin or progesterone on pregnancy per artificial insemination in repeat breeder dairy cows. Res Vet Sci, 90, 312-315.
• 35. Lopez-Gatius F., Garcia-Ispierto I., 2020. Treatment with an elevated dose of the GnRH analogue dephereline in the early luteal phase improves pregnancy rates in repeat-breeder dairy cows. Theriogenology. In press.
• 36. Akhtar MS., Saleem M., Ahmad E., Ahmad T., Lashari MH., Ayaz MM., Lodhi LA., Ahmad I., Hussain I., Akhtar M., 2018. Effect of lecirelin acetate, hCG or progesterone administration on day 7 post-insemination on conception rate and progesterone concentration in cross-bred cattle. Iraqi J Vet Sci, 32, 149-152.
• 37. Besbaci MM., Abdelli A., Belabdi I., Benabdelaziz A., Khelili R., Mebarki M., Kaidi R., 2018. Effects of GnRH or hCG on day 11 after artificial insemination in cows luteal activity. J Hell Vet Med, 69, 1227-1234.
• 38. Ataman MB., Erdem H., Bülbül B., Ümütlü S., Çolak M., 2011. The effect of buserelin injection 12 days after insemination on selected reproductive characteristics in cows. Acta Vet Brno, 80, 171-177.
• 39. Mehni SB., Shabankareh HK., Kazemi‐Bonchenari M., Eghbali M., 2012. The comparison of treating Holstein dairy cows with progesterone, CIDR and GnRH after insemination on serum progesterone and pregnancy rates. Reprod Dom Anim, 47, 131-134.
• 40. Adams GP., Jaiswal R., Singh J., Malhi P., 2008. Progress in understanding ovarian follicular dynamics in cattle. Theriogenology, 69, 72-80.
• 41. Diskin MG., Austin EJ., Roche JF., 2002. Exogenous hormonal manipulation of ovarian activity in cattle. Dom Anim Endocrinol, 23, 211-228.
• 42. Stevenson JS., Phatak AP., Rettmer IMMO., Stewart RE., 1993. Postinsemination administration of receptal: follicular dynamics, duration of cycle, hormonal responses, and pregnancy rates. J Dairy Sci, 76, 2536-2547.
• 43. Cinar M., Güzeloğlu A., Erdem H., 2012. Effect of presence of corpus luteum at the beginning of Ovsynch protocol on pregnancy rates in lactating dairy cows. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18, 513-516.
• 44. Mann GE., Lamming GE., 1995. Effect of the level of oestradiol on oxytocin induced prostaglandin F2α release in the cow. J Endocrinol, 145, 175-180.
• 45. Erdem H., Tekeli T., Yenice M., 2002. Holstein ırkı düvelerde tohumlamayı izleyen 12. günde GnRH uygulamalarının fertilite üzerine etkisi. Hay Araş Derg, 12, 50-54.