A Comparison of Bovine Torovirus Strains Based on Partial Membrane Glycoprotein (M) Gene Sequences

Year 2021, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 141 - 148, 31.10.2021

Turhan Turan , Hakan Işıdan

https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.849058

Abstract

Bovine torovirus (BoTV), which was recently been separated from bovine coronaviruses, is one of the important causative agents of diarrhea in newborn calves. Although the epidemiological data are limited throughout the world, it has been reported in some countries of the world since the early 80’s. In this study, stool samples (n: 150) were taken from 0-30 days old diarrhoeic calves from Elazig, Sivas, and Malatya provinces and were screened by nested RT-PCR method. In 6% (9/150) of the studied samples, 409 bp partial membrane glycoprotein (M) gene was successfully amplified. Some of the positive samples were further sequenced and the 383 nt length data of nine samples were subjected to bioinformatic analysis. The multiple sequence comparison and phylogenetic analyses together revealed that these novel strains presented close identity to previously reported strains from Turkey. The nucleotide identity of the strains was found between 97.13% and 100%. Furthermore, valine-isoleucine substitution (V→I) at 114th position was detected in Turkish strains only (MN717266; MF687255-60), whereas the same substitution at the 144th position was shared between the Turkish (KF188708-11 and KF188714; MF687255-60; MG957145 and MN717266-67) and some of the Chinese-originated isolates. Moreover, four silent mutations were detected in the novel isolates subjected in this study. As a result, we demonstrated the contribution of BToV in the pathogenesis of calf diarrhea and presented new data concerning on the molecular characteristics and the epidemiology of the bovine toroviruses in Turkey.

Keywords

Bovine torovirus, phylogenetic analyses, Sequencing, Turkey

Supporting Institution

Sivas Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Project Foundation (CUBAP)

Project Number

VET-029

Thanks

We thank to Mustafa Ozan Atasoy for contribution on the nucleic acid isolation procedures.

Bovine Torovirus Suşlarının Kısmi Membran Glikoprotein (M) Gen Dizilerine Göre Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Bovine torovirus (BoTV), sığır koronavirüslerinden yakın bir zamanda ayrılmış olup yenidoğan buzağıların önemli viral ishal etkenlerinden birisidir. Epidemiyolojik veriler dünya çapında kısıtlı olmakla beraber, bu virüs diğer bazı ülkelerde 80’lerin başından itibaren bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Elazığ, Sivas ve Malatya illerinden 0-30 günlük ishalli buzağılardan alınan dışkı örnekleri (n:150) nested RT-PCR metodu ile tarandı. Çalışılan örneklerin % 6’sında (9/150) 409 bç. kısmi M geni başarılı bir biçimde amplifiye edildi. Pozitif örneklerin bazıları seçilerek sekanslandı ve 9 adet örneğin 383 bazlık sekansı biyoinformatik analizde kullanıldı. Çalışmada GenBank’ta yer alan verilerle birlikte yapılan filogenetik analizler yeni bulunan izolatların da daha önce Türkiye’den bildirilenlerle benzer olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Dizi analizi yaptırılan izolatların nükleotid benzerliği 97.13% ile 100% arasında bulunmuştur. Valin-izolöysin (V→I) mutasyonu 114. pozisyonda yalnızca Türk suşlarında mevcutken 144. pozisyonda bazı Türk ve Çin suşlarında gözlemlenmiştir. Öte yandan sadece bu çalışmada ortaya çıkarılan yeni Türk izolatlarında 4 adet sessiz mutasyon olduğu ortaya konuldu. Sonuç olarak, ortaya konulan bu bilimsel veriler ile sığır toroviruslarının moleküler karakteristiği ve epidemiyolojisine katkı sağlandı.

Keywords

Bovine torovirus, DNA dizi analizi, Filogenetik analiz, Türkiye

Project Number

VET-029

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