SELECTIVE AND SENSITIVE ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSING OF SEROTONIN IN HUMAN BLOOD SERUM BY MEANS OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY TREATED PENCIL GRAPHITE ELECTRODE

Year 2016, Volume: 17 Issue: 3, 551 - 562, 03.10.2016

Ali Özcan

https://doi.org/10.18038/btda.63537

Abstract

Selective and sensitive electrochemical sensing of serotonin in human blood serum by means of electrochemically treated pencil graphite electrode

Abstract

Electrochemical determination of serotonin (SER) in blood serum was investigated by electrochemically treated pencil graphite (ETPG) electrode for the first time. The electro-catalytic effect of ETPG shifted the oxidation potential of SER towards more cathodic direction (40 mV). The high surface area of ETPG together with its electro-catalytic effect increased the oxidation peak current values tremendously (forty times) according to bare PG. Moreover, the ETPG electrode allowed the oxidation of SER and uric acid (UA) at separate potential values that was not possible in the case of bare PG. It was observed that the interference effect of UA, which was a major component of blood serum, was negligible at pH value of 1.6. The ETPG showed good performance for the determination of SER with a linear range between 0.005 μM and 1.0 μM. The relative standard deviation of ten repetitive measurements of 1.0 μM SER was calculated as 2.8 % indicating highly reproducible response of ETPG electrode. The detection limit was calculated as 1.0 nM (S / N = 3). The analytical application of the proposed method was successfully tested in blood serum samples and it was compared with a previously published HPLC method.

Keywords

Serotonin, Electrochemically treated pencil graphite, Uric acid, Blood serum, Voltammetry

References

• Ramon-Marquez T, Medina-Castillo AL., Fernandez-Gutierrez A, Fernandez-Sanchez JF. A novel optical biosensor for direct and selective determination of serotonin in serum by Solid Surface-Room Temperature Phosphorescence Biosens. Bioelectron., 2016; 82:217-23.
• Wu K, Fei J, Hu S. Simultaneous determination of dopamine and serotonin on a glassy carbon electrode coated with a film of carbon nanotubes Anal. Biochem., 2003; 318:100-6.
• Gregersen K, Froyland L, Berstad A, Araujo P. Direct determination of serotonin in gut lavage fluid by liquid chromatographic ion trap tandem mass spectrometry Talanta, 2008; 75:466-72.
• Anderson GM, Hall LM, Yang JX, Cohen DJ. Platelet dense granule release reaction monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorometric determination of endogenous serotonin Anal. Biochem., 1992; 206: 64-7.
• Wang F, Wu Y, Lu K, Ye B. A simple but highly sensitive and selective calixarene-based voltammetric sensor for serotonin Electrochim. Acta, 2013; 87:756-62.
• Han HS, Lee HK, You JM, Jeong H, Jeon S. Electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous determination of dopamine and serotonin based on electrochemically reduced GO-porphyrin Sens. Actuat. B: Chem., 2014; 190:886-95.
• Rand E, Periyakaruppan A, Tanaka Z, zhang DA, Marsh MP, Andrews RJ, Lee KH, Meyyappan M, Koehne JE. A carbon nanofiber based biosensor for simultaneous detection of dopamine and serotonin in the presence of ascorbic acid Biosens. Bioelectron., 2013; 42:434-8.
• Kim SK, Kim D, Jeon S. Electrochemical determination of serotonin on glassy carbon electrode modified with various graphene nanomaterials Sens. Actuat. B: Chem., 2012; 174:285-91.
• Babaei A, Taheri AR, Aminikhah M. Nanomolar simultaneous determination of levodopa and serotonin at a novel carbon ionic liquid electrode modified with Co(OH) nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes Electrochim. Acta, 2013; 90:317-25.
• Gupta P, Goyal RN. Polymelamine modified edge plane pyrolytic graphite sensor for the electrochemical assay of serotonin Talanta, 2014; 120:17-22.
• Thiagarajan S, Tsai TH, Chen SM. Easy modification of glassy carbon electrode for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid Biosens. Bioelectron., 2009; 24:2712-5.
• Özcan A, Şahin Y. Selective and sensitive voltammetric determination of dopamine in blood by electrochemically treated pencil graphite electrodes Electroanalysis., 2009; 19:267-75.
• Özcan A, Şahin Y. Preparation of selective and sensitive electrochemically treated pencil graphite electrodes for the determination of uric acid in urine and blood serum Biosens. Bioelectron., 2010; 25:2497-502. [14] Özcan A, Şahin Y. A novel approach for the determination of paracetamol based on the reduction of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine formed on the electrochemically treated pencil graphite electrode Anal. Chim. Acta., 2011; 685:9-14.
• Özcan A, Şahin Y. A novel approach for the selective determination of tryptophan in blood serum in the presence of tyrosine based on the electrochemical reduction of oxidation product of tryptophan formed in situ on graphite electrode Biosens. Bioelectron., 2012; 31:26-31.
• Tagari PC, Boullin DJ, Davies CL. Simplified determination of serotonin in plasma by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection Clin. Chem., 1984; 30:131-5.
• Marken F, Eklund JC, Compton RG. Voltammetry in the presence of ultrasound - can ultrasound modify heterogeneous electron-transfer kinetics J. Electroanal. Chem., 1995; 395:335-9.
• Shen Y, Jacobs JM, Camp DG, Fang R, Moore RJ, Smith RD, Xiao W, Davis RW, Tompkins RG. Ultra-high-efficiency strong cation exchange LC/RPLC/MS/MS for high dynamic range characterization of the human plasma proteome Anal. Chem., 2004; 76:1134-44.
• Özcan A, İlkbaş S. Poly(pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid)-modified pencil graphite electrode for the determination of serotonin in biological samples by adsorptive stripping voltammetry Sens. Actuat. B: Chem., 2015; 215:518-24.