Comparison of Resistance Rates and Detection of Five Resistance Genes (Bts) in Ten Local Wheat Varieties against Common Bunt Disease

Öz

Common bunt caused by Tilletia sp. is a very destructive and dangerous fungal disease. It is a seed-borne disease in wheat and may cause serious economic losses in worldwide. Wheat cultivars including resistance genes are used as an alternative fight method instead of chemical fungicides against common bunt disease. These resistance genes in wheat are called as bt genes. Until today, a little number of bt genes in wheat has been detected by some molecular markers. There aren’t yet developed molecular markers for detection of all bt genes in wheat. In this study, detection of five bt genes called as bt-5, bt-8, bt-10, bt-11 and bt-12 was carried in ten registered local wheat varieties (Sertak 52, Bolal 2973, Demir, Kutluk, Harmankaya 99, Pehlivan, Tosun Bey, 4-11, Sönmez 01, Bezostaja-1) in Eskişehir and Bilecik regions, using PCR-based molecular markers (Microsatellite and RAPD). PCR-amplified fragments were separated on 1.3% agarose gel containing ethidium bromide (0.5 μg/ml). Gels were visualized under UV light and digitally photographed. The obtained DNA bands were scored as present or absent for detection of bt genes. For comparison, the virulence rates of five Tilletia foetida (syn. leaves) isolates against ten wheat varieties were obtained from our field results. We observed that wheat varieties including bt-10 and bt11 genes as Kutluk and 4-11 varieties are more resistant to disease in field. We showed analysis results for five bt genes in all wheat varieties and resistance rates in field.

COMPARISON OF RESISTANCE RATES AND DETECTION OF FIVE RESISTANCE GENES (BTS) IN TEN LOCAL WHEAT VARIETIES AGAINST COMMON BUNT DISEASE

Öz

Sürme (Tilletia sp.) buğdayda çok tehlikeli bir tohum hastalığıdır ve ciddi ekonomik kayıplara neden olabilir. Direnç genleri içeren buğday kültürleri, sürme hastalığına karşı mücadelede fungusidlerin yerine alternatif bir mücadele yöntemidir. Buğdaydaki bu direnç genleri bt genleri olarak adlandırılır. Bugüne kadar buğdayda bt genlerinin çok az bir kısmı bazı moleküler markörler ile tespit edilmiştir. Buğdayda tüm bt genlerinin tespiti için geliştirilmiş moleküler markörler bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, PCR tabanlı moleküler markörler (Mikrosatellit ve RAPD) kullanılarak tescilli 10 buğday çeşidinde (Sertak 52, Bolal 2973, Demir, Kutluk, Harmankaya 99, Pehlivan, Tosun Bey, 4-11, Sönmez 01, Bezostaja-1) bazı bt genlerinin (bt-5, bt-8, bt-10, bt-11 and bt-12) tespiti gerçekleştirilmiştir. PCR ile çoğaltılan fragmentler, ethidium bromide (0.5 μg/ml) içeren %1.3’lük agaroz jelde ayrılmıştır. Jeller UV ışık altında gözlenmiş ve dijital olarak fotoğraflanmıştır. Elde edilen DNA bantları bt genleri için var veya yok olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Karşılaştırma yapmak için, 10 buğday çeşidine karşı beş Tilletia foetida (syn. leaves) izolatının hastalık yapma oranı tarla verilerinden elde edilmiştir. Kutluk ve 4-11 gibi bt10 ve bt11 genlerini içeren buğday çeşitlerin tarlada hastalığa karşı daha dirençli oldukları gözlenmiştir. Tüm buğday çeşitlerindeki beş bt geni için analiz sonuçları ve tarladaki direnç oranlarını gösterilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buğday, Bt direnç genleri, Sürme, Moleküler markörler

Kaynakça

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