The emergence of land change science in the context of global climate change and environmental transformations: Land change in arid and semi-arid ecosystems

Abstract

Whether land use activities damage a sustainable human-environment ecosystem is one of the most fundamental questions about coupled human-environmental systems. Therefore, the integration of human-environmental systems on a common denominator spatial basis is being explored by both humanities and naturalists using remote sensing and GIS. Hence, various methods and tools have been developed to address numerous spatial problems. Since the beginning of the 21st century, researchers in this field have presented land change dynamics as an interdisciplinary science under the name of 'Land Change Science'. Thus, the dynamics of land cover and land use change are discussed in connection with climate change. Although the Anatolian Peninsula has a characteristic arid-semi-arid climate, it has been determined that there is no Turkish literature on Land Change Science. This study aimed to close the gap by examining the up-to-date research and related literature in the field of Land Change Science, in Turkish.

Keywords

• Land change science
• Arid and semi-arid regions
• Land-use & land cover change
• Climate change
• Machine learning

Küresel İklim Değişikliği ve Çevresel Değişimlerin Etkisi Altında Arazi Değişim Biliminin Ortaya Çıkışı: Kurak ve Yarı Kurak Ekosistemlerde Arazi Değişimi

Abstract

Arazi kullanım faaliyetlerinin sürdürülebilir bir insan-çevre ekosistemine zarar verip vermediği sorusu bütünleşik insan-çevre sistemleri hakkındaki en temel sorulardan biridir. Bu nedenle, beşerî ve çevre bilimciler, Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri yöntemlerini kullanarak insan-çevre sistemlerinin ortak bir payda olan mekânsal temelde entegrasyonunu araştırmaktadırlar. Bu kapsamda 1960'lardan itibaren, farklı türden mekânsal sorunları çözmek için çeşitli yöntemler ve araçlar geliştirilmektedir. Bunun sonucunda ‘Arazi Değişim Bilimi’ kavramı, 21. yüzyılda arazi dinamiklerini çevresel değişimler ve küresel iklim değişikliği ile ilişkili olarak inceleyen disiplinlerarası bir bilim dalı olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Öte yandan, Anadolu Yarımadası çoğunlukla kurak ve yarı kurak iklim özelliğine sahip olmasına ve arazi kullanım dinamiklerinden yoğun bir şekilde etkilenmesine rağmen, Arazi Değişim Bilimi kavramının literatürde yer almadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışma, Arazi Değişim Bilimi alanında yapılmış olan güncel araştırmaları inceleyerek sentezlemiş ve bu alandaki bir açığı kapatmaya yardımcı olmuştur.

Keywords

• Arazi Değişim Bilimi
• Kurak ve Yarı Kurak Bölgeler
• Küresel İklim Değişikliği
• Arazi Kullanımı ve Arazi Örtüsü Değişimi
• Makine Öğrenmesi

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