İkametgâh Memnuniyeti ve Şehir İçi İkametgâh Hareketliliği

Abstract

İkametgâh memnuniyeti; coğrafya, sosyoloji, psikoloji ve planlama gibi disiplinler arasında uzun zamandır başlıca araştırma konusu olmuştur. Bu konunun gözde oluşu iki nedene dayanmaktadır: Birincisi, ikametgâh memnuniyetinin bireyin genel yaşam kalitesinin önemli bir unsuru olarak kabul edilmesidir. İkincisi, bireylerin konut ve oturdukları semte ilişkin kişisel değerlendirmelerinin, onların ikametgâh çevresine bir yanıt verme ve kamu faaliyetlerinin ana taleplerini şekillendirme yolu olmasıdır. Göçün davranışsal kavramsallaştırması içinde düşük düzeyli ikametgâh memnuniyeti, konut ve hareketlilik davranışında öncelikli kabul edilmektedir. Bireyler halen oturdukları konut ve semtten memnuniyetsizlik duyuyorlarsa; başka bir yere yerleşme konusunu düşünebilirler ve fiili olarak başka bir yere taşınabilirler. Bu nedenle, ikametgâh memnuniyetine yön veren etmenler hakkındaki bilgi, hane halkının hareketlilik karar sürecini daha iyi kavramak üzere son derece önemlidir. Birinin ikametgâh konumundan memnuniyeti, o kişinin halen oturduğu ve oturmak istediği yerler arasındaki yüksek düzeyli bir uyuma, ihtiyaç ve özlemlere göre bu yerden bir şikâyetin olmayışına işaret eder. Diğer taraftan halen oturulan konut veya semt ile gerekli koşullar arasındaki uyumsuzluk ise, memnuniyetsizliği başlatabilir. Memnuniyetsizlik yaklaşımı literatürü, halen oturulan ikametgâh çevresinin, hane halkının ürettiği baskı veya memnuniyetsizlikle etkileşim halinde olduğu ve bu memnuniyetsizliğin bazı eşiklere ulaştığında hane halkının, ikametgâhla ilgili harekete yol açabilecek bir arama sürecine başladığı üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu makale, ikametgâh memnuniyeti ve ikametgâh hareketliliği hakkındaki literatürü gözden geçirmekte ve ikametgâh hareketliliği ile ikametgâh memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkileri anlamak üzere bağlamsal bir çerçeve sunmaktadır

Keywords

• İkametgâh memnuniyeti, ikametgâh hareketliliği, konut, konut çevresi, sosyal çevre

Residential satisfaction and intra-urban residential mobility

Abstract

Residential satisfaction has long been a major research topic in such disciplines as geography, sociology, psychology, and planning. The reason for this topic’s popularity is twofold. First, residential satisfaction is recognized as an important component of individuals’ general quality of life. Second, individuals’ subjective evaluations of their housing and neighborhood determine the way they respond to residential environment and form the basis of demands for public action. In behavioral conceptualization of migration, low levels of residential satisfaction is postulated to precede housing and mobility behavior. If individuals feel dissatisfied with their current housing or neighborhood, they may very well consider relocating and actually move to a different unit. Knowledge about the factors that shape residential satisfaction is therefore critical for a better understanding of household mobility decision process. Satisfaction with one’s residential situation indicates the absence of complaints and a high degree of congruence between actual and desired situations. On the other hand, incongruence between their actual housing or neighborhood and needed conditions may lead to dissatisfaction. In the literature on dissatisfaction approaches, the current residential environment interacts with the household to produce stress or dissatisfaction and when this dissatisfaction reaches some threshold the household then begins a search process that may lead to a residential move. This paper examines literature about residential satisfaction and residential mobility and presents a contextual framework for understanding the relations between residential mobility and residential satisfaction

Keywords

• Residential satisfaction, residential mobility, housing, residential environment, social environment

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