Doğu Akdeniz’de Geç Holosen’de Yükselmiş Kıyı Çizgileri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Abstract

Bu makalede, Doğu Akdeniz’in birçok kıyı bölgesinde, tarih çağlarında yükseldiği bilinen kıyı çizgilerinin bir değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Yunanistan’dan Levant’a kadar uzanan alandaki bazı yükselmiş kıyı çizgilerinin klimatik kökenli östatik deniz seviyesi değişimlerinin değil, Geç Holosen’de meydana gelmiş sismotektonik yer değiştirmelerin ürünü olduğu uzun bir zamandan beri bilinmektedir. Girit Adası’nın batı kıyılarnda, Sikliye Adasında, Yunan Adalarında, Korint Körfezinde, Teselya’da, Alanya’da ve Levant kıyılarında bulunan yükselmiş kıyı çizgileri, radyokarbon yöntemi kullanılarak MS 4. yüzyılın ortaları ile MS 6. yüzyılın ortaları arasındaki iki yüzyıllık zaman dilimine tarihlenmiştir. Hem tarihi kaynaklar, hem de jeomorfolojik (yükselmiş çentikler, benchler vb.) ve biyolojik (Chthamalus, Dendropoma petraeum, Lithophaga, Neogoniolithon notarisii, Oyster, Serpulid, Vermetid vb.) deniz seviyesi göstergelerinden elde edilen veriler, bu tarihler arasında, Doğu Akdeniz’deki en az 1500 km uzunluğundaki bir mesafede, Erken Bizans Tektonik Paroksizması olarak adlandırılan yüksek bir sismik aktivite döneminin yaşandığını göstermektedir. Kıyı çizgilerinin ortalama olarak 0.5 ila 1 metre yükselmesine muhtemelen Afrika plakasıyla Ege-Anadolu mikroplakası arasındaki çarpışma süreçleri neden olmuştur. Okyanusal Afrika plakasının Güney Ege Yayı altında yaptığı ani bindirmeyle büyük depremler meydana gelmiş, Doğu Akdeniz havzasını sınırlayan çeşitli litosfer blokları yer değiştirmiş ve havza hızlı bir şekilde daralmıştır

Keywords

• Doğu Akdeniz, Yükselmiş kıyı çizgileri, Erken Bizans Tektonik Paroksizması, Geç Holosen

A review on the elevated shorelines in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Late Holocene

Abstract

In this paper, a series of elevated shorelines uplifted during historical periods, on many sites of the eastern Mediterranean basin were reviewed. The area extending from central Greece to Levant have long been interpreted as representing occurrence of the rapid coseismic displacements during the Late Holocene rather than representing eustatic sea-level changes of climatic origin. The uplifted shorelines including western half of the Crete, Antikythira, Ionian Islands, Gulf of Corinth, Thessalia, Alanya, and the Levant coasts, have been radiocarbon dated to between the middle of the 4th and the middle of the 6th century AD. Data derived from both the historical records and the geomorphological (elevated notches, benches etc.)-biological (Chthamalus, Dendropoma petraeum, Lithophaga, Neogoniolithon notarisii, Oysters, Serpulids, Vermetids etc.) precise sealevel indicators confirm that in the eastern Mediterranean area at least 1500 km wide, a major tectonic period occurred in that time period and called the Early Byzantine Tectonic Paroxysm. The tectonic paroxysm, provided the uplifting of the shorelines at about 0.5 to 1 m, was probably caused by collisional processes between the African plate and the Aegean-Anatolian microplate and resulted in a sudden narrowing of the Eastern Mediterranean basin succeeding a subduction thrust of the oceanic African crust beneath the South Aegean Arc and a consequent readjustment of the various blocks of lithosphere bordering the eastern Mediterranean basin

Keywords

• Eastern Mediterranean, elevated shorelines, Early Byzantine Tectonic Paroxysm, Late Holocene

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