İnovasyonun Coğrafyası: Bilgi Türleri ile Bilgi Yayılma Kanalları Arasındaki Yapısal İlişkiler

Year 2019, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 1 - 24, 30.04.2019

Fatih Altuğ

Abstract

Ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınmanın anahtarı olan inovasyonun en önemli girdisi bilgidir. Bir üretim faktörü olarak bilgi diğer üretim faktörlerinin verimliliğini artırmakta, yeni ürün ve hizmetlerin geliştirilmesini sağlamakta ve inovasyon yoluyla ekonomik bir çıktıya dönüşmektedir. Böylece rekabetçi bir çağda belirsizliklerle dolu piyasa koşullarında bölgelerin ve firmaların risklerini azaltmaktadır. Bölgelerin ve firmaların rekabetçi piyasa koşullarındaki bu belirsizlikleri azaltmasının gereği olarak bilgiye erişim temel koşul haline gelmiştir. Farklı sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren firmaların inovasyon süreçlerinde kullandıkları bilginin türü de sektörlerin yapısına göre değişmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı ekonomik coğrafya literatüründe inovasyonun temel girdisi olarak görülen bilginin türlerini ve bu türlerin hangi kanallar yoluyla yayılma gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktır. Teorik ve kavramsal literatürün değerlendirilmesi sonucunda bilgi türlerinin yayılma kanalları bilginin yapısal özellikleri tarafından şekillendirilmektedir. Bilgi türleri ile bilginin yayılma kanalları arasında birbirini karşılıklı olarak etkileyen yapısal bir ilişki vardır. Bilgi yapısı geliştikçe bilginin yayılma kanalları da gelişmektedir. 

Keywords

Ekonomik Coğrafya, İnovasyon, Bilgi, Bilgi Türleri, Bilgi Yayılımı

Innovation geography: structural relationships between knowledge diffusion channels with types of knowledge

Abstract

The most important input  of innovation, which is the key to economic growth and development, is knowledge. As a production factor, knowledge increases the productivity of other production factors, enables the development of new products and services, and turns into economic output through innovation. Thus, in a competitive era, it reduces the risks of regions and firms in uncertain market conditions. Access to information has become a prerequisite for the reduction of these uncertainties of regions and firms in competitive market conditions. The forms of knowledge  that firms operating in different sectors of knowledge use in the process of innovation has change according to the structure of the sectors. The aim of the study in this context is to reveal the types of knowledge seen as the basic input of innovation in economic geography literature and the channels through which these types are spread. As a result of the theoretical and conceptual literature review, the diffusion channels of information types are shaped by the structural characteristics of knowledge. There is a structural relationship between knowledge types and knowledge propagation channels that interact with each other. As the knowledge structure develops, the channels of propagation of knowledge are also evolving.

Keywords

Economic Geography, Innovation, Knowledge, Knowledge Types, Knowledge Diffusion

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