Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Population Dynamics, Environment, and Sustainability

Year 2017, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 1 - 26, 01.04.2017
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000178

Abstract

Scholars, who are interested in population, address the connections between population, environment and sustainability and desire to reveal more details about this relation. This article aims to investigate how global population dynamics affect environmental deterioration and sustainable development and thereby to provide a new initiative for new researches. In line with this purpose, population data published by the United Nations is evaluated together with body of literature in this article. Findings show that population dynamics are highly associated with human-induced environmental changes and sustainable development. In this context findings reveal that world population continues to increase rapidly especially in underdeveloped regions of the world and is aggregated in these regions and major urban areas of the world. This study asserts that population dynamics increase poverty, hamper access to resources and trigger migration in underdeveloped societies by causing environmental deterioration at global and local scale, depletion of resources and an unsustainable development. Results point out that many environmental and developmental problems are eventually global since ecosystems are not obligated to accord with national borders; that consumptions patterns together with population dynamics and their spatial differences must be considered in political agenda and that there an increasing need for interdisciplinary studies in order to understand complex interaction between the population dynamics, environment and sustainability

References

  • Acreman, M. (1998) “Principles of water management for people and the environment”, In de Sherbinin, A., Dompka, V. and Bromley, L. (eds.), Water and Population Dynamics: Case Studies and Policy Implications, AAAS, Washington, DC, 25-48.
  • Alcamo, J.; van Vuuren, D.; Cramer, W.; Alder, J.; Bennett, E.; et al. (2005) “Changes in Ecosystem Services and Their Drivers Across the Scenarios”, In Steve R. Carpenter, Prabhu L. Pingali, Elena M. Bennett, Monica B. Zurek (eds.) Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Scenarios, Volume 2, Island Press, Washington, DC, 297–373.
  • Alexandratos, N.; Bruinsma, J. (2012) World Agriculture Towards 2030/2050: The 2012 Revision, ESA Working paper No. 12-03, FAO, Rome.
  • APPG-All-Party Parliamentary Group, (2015) Population Dynamics and the Sustainable Development Goals, A report by the UK All-Party Parliamentary Group on Population, Development and Reproductive Health.
  • Aslan, F. (2010) İktisadi Büyümenin Ekolojik Sınırları ve Kalkınmanın Sürdürülebilirliği, Basılmamış YL Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Bartlett, A.A. (1994) “Reflections on sustainability, population growth and the environment”, Population and Environment: A Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 16(1), 5-35.
  • Bartlett, A.A. (2012) “The Meaning of Sustainability”, (http://www.albartlett.org/articles/art_meaning_of_sustainability_2012mar20.pdf, 28.5.2016)
  • Bell, M.; Muhidin, S. (2009) Cross-National Comparison of Internal Migration, UNDP Human Development Research Paper 2009/30.
  • Bongaarts, J. (1996) “Population pressure and the food supply system in the developing world”, Population and Development Review, 22(3), 483-503.
  • Boserup, E. (1965) The Conditions of Agriculture Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure, Aldine Publishing Company, Chicago.
  • Bulatao, R.A. (1998) The Value of Family Planning Programs in Developing Countries, Population Matters Series, RAND, Santa Monica-California.
  • Campbell, M.M. (1998) “Schools of thought: An analysis of interest groups influential in international population policy”, Population and Environment: A Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 19(6), 487-512.
  • Carr, D.L.; Suter, L.; Barbieri, A. (2005), “Population dynamics and tropical deforestation: State of the debate and conceptual challenges”, Population and Environment, 27(1):89-113.
  • Castles, S. (2010) “Understanding global migration: A social transformation perspective”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(10), 1565-1586.
  • Chambers, N.; Simmons, C.; Wackernagel, M. (2000) Sharing Nature's Interest: Ecological Footprints as an Indicator of Sustainability, Earthscan, New York.
  • Cohen, J. E. (1995) How Many People Can The Earth Support? Norton, New York.
  • Cohen, J. E., (2003) “Human population: The next half century”, Science 302, 1172-1175.
  • Costanza, R.; Daly, H.E., (1992) “Natural capital and sustainable development”, Conservation Biology, 6(1), 37-46.
  • Daily, G.C.; Ehrlich, P. R. (1992) “Population, sustainability, and Earth's carrying capacity”, BioScience, 42(10), 761-771.
  • Daly, H. E. (1990) “Toward some operational principles of sustainable development”, Ecological Economics,2(1), 1-6.
  • Daly, H.E. (2006) “Sustainable Development: Definitions, Principles, Policies”, In Marco Keiner (ed.), The Future of Sustainability, Springer, Dordrecht, 39–53.
  • de Sherbinin, A.; Carr, D.; Cassels, S.; Jiang, L. (2007) “Population and environment”, Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 32, 345-373.
  • Dietz, T.; Rosa, E.A; York, R. (2007) “Driving the human ecological footprint”, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 5(1), 13-18.
  • Dinda, S. (2004) “Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A survey”, Ecological Economics, 49(4), 431-455.
  • Ehrlich, P.R. (1968) The Population Bomb, Ballantine Books, New York.
  • Ehrlich, P.R.; Ehrlich, A.H. (1990) The Population Explosion, Simon & Schuster: New York.
  • Ehrlich, P.R.; Holdren, J.P. (1971) “Impact of population growth”, Science, New Series, 171(3977), 1212-1217.
  • Ehrlich, P.R.; Ehrlich, A.H.; Daily, G.C. (1993) “Food security, population, and environment”, Population and Development Review, 19(1), 1-32.
  • Ercin, A.E.; Hoekstra, A.Y. (2014) Water footprint scenarios for 2050: A global analysis. Environmental International, 64, 71–82.tEuropean Environment Agency, (2014), “Global megatrend 1: Diverging global population trends”, Assessment of Global Megatrends: An Update, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen.
  • Ewing, B.; Goldfinger, S.; Oursler, A.; Reed, A.; Moore, D.; Wackernagel, M. (2009) The Ecological Footprint Atlas 2009, Global Footprint Network, Oakland
  • Food and Agriculture Organization-FAO (2010) Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010, Main Report, FAO, Rome.
  • Food and Agriculture Organization-FAO (2012) State of the World’s Forests 2012, FAO, Rome.
  • Fortmann, L., Antinori, C.; Nabane, N. (1997) “Fruits of their labors: Gender, property rights, and tree planting in two Zimbabwe villages,” Rural Sociology, 62(3), 295-314.
  • Gallopìn, C. G. (2012) Five Stylized Scenarios, Global Water Futures 2050, UNESCO, Paris.
  • Gladwin, T.N.; Kennelly, J.J.; Krause, T. (1995) “Shifting paradigms for sustainable development: Implications for management theory and research”, Academy of Management Review, 20(4), 874-907.
  • Harris, J.M. (2000) Basic Principles of Sustainable Development, Global Development and Environment Institute Working Paper:00-04, Tufts University, USA.
  • Harris, J.M.; Kennedy, S. (1999) “Carrying capacity in agriculture: Global and regional issues”, Ecological Economics, 29(3), 443-461.
  • Holdren, J.P.; Ehrlich, P.R. (1974) “Human population and the global environment”, American Scientist, 62(3), 282-292.
  • Holmberg, J.; Sandbrook, R. (1992) “Sustainable development: What is to be done?”, In Holmberg, J. (ed.), Making Development Sustainable: Redefining Institutions, Policy, and Economics, Island Press, Washington, D.C., 19-38.
  • Hoornweg, D.; Bhada-Tata, P. (2012) What a Waste: A Global Review of Solid Waste Management, World Bank, Washington.
  • Hugo, G. (1996) “Environmental concerns and international migration”, International Migration Review, 30(1), 105-131.
  • Hugo, G. (2011) Future demographic change and its interactions with migration and climate change”, Global Environmental Change, 21S, S21-S33.
  • Hunter, L.M. (2000) The Environmental Implications of Population Dynamics, RAND, Santa Monica-California.
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change-IPCC, (1990) First Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • International Organization for Migration-IOM (1992) Migration and The Environment, IOM, Geneva.
  • International Organization for Migration-IOM (2010) World Migration Report 2010, The Future of Migration: Building Capacities for Change, IOM, Geneva.
  • Johnson, D. G. (1984) "World food and agriculture", In Simon, J.L and Kahn, E. (eds.), The Resourceful Earth: A Responset o Global 2000, Basil Blackwell, Oxford and New York, 67-112.
  • Keleş, R.; Hamamcı, C. (2005) Çevre Politikası, İmge Kitabevi Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Koç, İ.; Eryurt, M.A.; Adalı, T.; Seçkiner, P. (2010) Türkiye’nin Demografik Dönüşümü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Laczko, F.; Aghazarm, C. (Eds.) (2009) Migration, Environment and Climate Change: Assessing The Evidence, International Organization for Migration-IOM, Geneva.
  • Lucas, R.E.B. (2015) Internal Migration in Developing Economies: An Overview, Global Knowledge Partnership on Migration and Development (KNOMAD), Working Paper.
  • Malthus, T. (1998) An Essay on the Principle of Population, (Electronic Scholarly Publishing Project), London.  (http://www.esp.org/books/malthus/population/malthus.pdf, 20.10.2016)
  • Marland, G.; Boden, T.A.; Andres, R.J. (2006) Global, Regional, and National CO2 Emissions. In Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Oak Ridge-TN, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis. Center.
  • Martin, S.F. (2009) “Managing environmentally induced migration”, In Laczko, F.and Aghazarm, C. (eds.), Migration, Environment and Climate Change: Assessing The Evidence, International Organization for Migration-IOM, Geneva, 353-384.
  • Mbonile, M.J. (2005) “Migration and intensification of water conflicts in the Pangani Basin,Tanzania”, Habitat International, 29(1). 41–67.
  • Meadows, D.H.; Meadows, D.L.; Randers, J.; Behrens, W.W. (1972) The Limits to Growth: A Report for the Club of Rome’s Project on the Predicament of Mankind, Universe Books, New York.
  • Mekonnen, M.M.; Hoekstra, A.Y. (2016) Four billion people facing severe water scarcity, Science Advances,2(2), e1500323.
  • Nellemann, C.; MacDevette, M.; Manders, T.; Eickhout, B.; Svihus, B.; Prins, A.G.; Kaltenborn, B.P. (Eds) (2009) The Environmental Food Crisis: The Environment’s Role in Averting Future Food Crises, A UNEP rapid response assessment, United Nations Environment Programme, GRID-Arendal,
  • Newbold, K.B. (2014) Population Geography: Tools and Issues, (Second edition), Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Plymounth UK.
  • Peters, G.L.; Larkin, R.P. (2005) Population Geography: Problems, Concepts, and Prospect, (Eighth Edition), Kendal/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque.
  • Pimentel, D.; Giampietro, M.; Bukkens, S.G. (1998) An optimum population for North and Latin America. Population and Environment, 20(2) 125-148.
  • Population Reference Bureau-PRB (2015) 2015 World Population Data Sheet,: PRB, Washington, D.C.
  • Reher, D.S. (2004) “The demographic transition revisited as a global process”, Population, Space and Place, 10(1), 19-41.
  • Scoones, I. (2007) “Sustainability”, Development in Practice, 17(4-5), 589-596.
  • Tarazona, M., Gallegos, J. (2011) Recent Trends in Disaster Impact on Child Welfare and Development: 1999-2009, Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction-GAR, Geneva.
  • Toros, A.; Ulusoy, M., Ergöçmen, B. (1997) Ulusal Çevre Eylem Planı: Nüfus ve Çevre, DPT, Ankara.
  • Türkeş, M.; Sümer, U.M.; Çetiner, G. (2000) “Küresel İklim Değişikliği ve Olası Etkileri”, Çevre Bakanlığı, Birleşmiş Milletler İklim Değişikliği Çerçeve Sözleşmesi Seminer Notları, (http://www.mgm.gov.tr/files/iklim/iklimetkileri.pdf, 10.3.2012).
  • Türkiye Çevre Vakfı (1991) Ortak Geleceğimiz-Dünya Çevre ve Kalkınma Komisyonu, Belkıs Çorakçı (Çev.), Türkiye Çevre Sorunları Vakfı, Ankara.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu-TÜİK (2016) Ölüm İstatistikleri, 2015, Haber Bülteni Sayı: 21522, 28 Nisan 2016
  • (http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=21522) United
  • (http://www.un.org/documents/ga/conf151/aconf15126-1annex1.htm, 21.6.2016).
  • United Nations-UN (2001) World Population Prospects: The 2000 Revision Highlights ESA/P/WP.165.
  • United Nations-UN (2013) World Mortality Report 2013, ST/ESA/SER.A/347.
  • United Nations-UN (2014a) World Fertility Report 2013: Fertility at the Extremes. ST/ESA/SER.A/331.
  • United Nations-UN (2014b) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, Highlights, ST/ESA/SER.A/352.
  • United Nations-UN (2014c) Desertification: The Invisible Frontline, Bonn: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification.
  • United Nations-UN (2015a) World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables, ESA/P/WP.241.
  • United Nations-UN (2015b) World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Data Booklet, ST/ESA/SER.A/377.
  • United Nations-UN (2015c) World Fertility Patterns 2015, Data Booklet, ST/ESA/SER.A /370.
  • United Nations-UN (2015d) World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Volume II: Demographic Profiles ST/ESA/SER.A/380.
  • United Nations-UN (2015e) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, ST/ESA/SER.A/366.
  • United Nations-UN (2016) International Migration Report 2015: High
  • lights, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, ST/ESA/SER.A/375.
  • United Nations Development Programme-UNDP (2015) Human Development Report 2015 Work for Human Development.  (http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2015_human_development_report_1.pdf, 6.3.2017)
  • United Nations Environment Programme-UNEP (1992) Demographic Dynamics and Sustainability, United Nations Conference (http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=52&ArticleID=53, 23.5.2015). Environment & Development, Agenda 21,
  • United Nations Environment Programme-UNEP (1997) Global Environmental Outlook, New York: Oxford University Press. (http://www.unep.org/geo/geo1/fig/fig0_2.htm., 10.6.2016).
  • United Nations Environment Programme-UNEP (2011) HFCs: A Critical Link in Protecting Climate and the Ozone Layer, A UNEP Synthesis Report.
  • United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA (1994a) Population & the Environment in Developing Countries: Literature Survey and Research Bibliography, ESA/P/WP.123.
  • United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA (1994b) Programme of Action, Adopted at the International Conference on Population, Cairo, 5-13 September 1994, UNFPA.
  • United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA (2008) Population and Climate Change, Framework of UNFPA’s Agenda. United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA, (2012), Population Matters for Sustainable Development, (http://www.unfpa.org/publications/population-matters-sustainable-development, 15.6.2016).
  • United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA (2013) Population Dynamics in the Post-2015 Development Agenda: Report of the Global Thematic Consultation on Population Dynamics, The (http://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Dynamics%20in%20Post-2015%20FINAL.pdf, 27.6.2016). World We Want.
  • UNU-INWEH-United Nations University, Institute for Water, Environment & Health, (2013) Water Security & the Global Water Agenda: A UN-Water Analytical Brief, UNU-INWEH, Ontario.
  • Vörösmarty, C.J.; Green, P.; Salisbury, J.; Lammers,R.B. (July 14, 2000) Global water resources: Vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289(5477), 284-288.
  • Wackernagel, M. (2011) Economic Prosperity and Resilience in the New Era of Biocapacity Constraints, UN Dialogue on “Harmony with Nature”, (http://www.uncsd2012.org/content/documents/Mathis%20Wackernagel.pdf, 26.6.2016).
  • Wackernagel, M.; Rees, W. (1995) Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth, New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, BC; Philadelphia, PA.
  • Wackernagel, M.; Schulz, N.B.; Deumling, D.; Linares, A.C.; Jenkins, M.; Kapos, V.; Monfreda, C.; Loh, J.; Myers, N.; Norgaard, R.;Randers, J. (2002) “Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human economy”, Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America PNAS, 99(14), 9266–9271.
  • Weyant, J.; Yanigisawa, Y. (1998) “Energy and Industry”, In Rayner, S. and Malone, E.L. (Eds.), Human Choice & Climate Change: Resources and Technology Vol. 2, Battelle Press, Columbus, Ohio,.203-289.
  • World Bank (1999) Entering the 21st Century: World Development Report 1999/2000. Oxford University Press, New York.
  • World Commission on Environment and Development-WCED (1987) Our Common Future: Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • World Forum on Natural Capital (2015) What is natural capital?, (http://naturalcapitalforum.com/about/, 25.10.2016).
  • World Wildlife Fund-WWF (2012a) Türkiye’nin Ekolojik Ayak İzi Raporu, WWF.
  • World Wildlife Fund-WWF (2012b) Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, Biocapacity and Better Choices, WWF, Gland- Switzerland.
  • Zetter, R. (2014) Protecting Forced Migrants: A State of the Art Report of Concepts, Challenges and Ways Forward, Federal Commission on Migration FCM, Bern.

Nüfus Dinamikleri, Çevre ve Sürdürülebilirlik

Year 2017, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 1 - 26, 01.04.2017
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000178

Abstract

Nüfusla ilgilenen bilim insanları, nüfus, çevre ve sürdürülebilirlik bağlantılarını incelemektedir ve bu ilişkinin ayrıntılarını daha fazla ortaya çıkarmak istemektedir. Bu makale, küresel nüfus dinamiklerinin çevresel bozulmayı ve sürdürülebilir gelişmeyi nasıl etkilediğini soruşturmayı ve böylelikle yeni araştırmalara açılım sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaca uygun olarak makalede Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından yayınlanan nüfus verileri, güncel alan yazınıyla birlikte değerlendirilmektedir. Bulgular, nüfus dinamiklerinin insan kaynaklı çevresel değişikliklerle ve sürdürülebilir gelişmeyle fazlasıyla ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda bulgular, dünya nüfusunun özellikle az gelişmiş bölgelerde hızla artmaya devam ettiği ve bu bölgelerde ve dünyanın büyük kentsel alanlarında kümeleştiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, nüfus dinamiklerinin küresel ve yerel ölçekte çevresel bozulmaya, kaynakların tükenmesine ve sürdürülemez bir gelişmeye yol açarak, az gelişmiş toplumlarda yoksulluğu arttırdığını, kaynaklara erişimi güçleştirdiğini ve göçü tetiklediğini ileri sürmektedir. Sonuçlar, ekosistemler ulusal sınırlara uymak zorunda olmadığı için birçok çevre ve gelişme sorununun doğal olarak küresel olduğuna; tüketim paternleriyle birlikte nüfus dinamiklerinin ve bunun mekânsal farklılıklarının politik gündemde hesaba katılması gerektiğine ve nüfus dinamikleri, çevre ve sürdürülebilirlik arasındaki karmaşık etkileşimi anlamak için disiplinler arası çalışmalara daha fazla ihtiyaç olduğuna işaret etmektedir

References

  • Acreman, M. (1998) “Principles of water management for people and the environment”, In de Sherbinin, A., Dompka, V. and Bromley, L. (eds.), Water and Population Dynamics: Case Studies and Policy Implications, AAAS, Washington, DC, 25-48.
  • Alcamo, J.; van Vuuren, D.; Cramer, W.; Alder, J.; Bennett, E.; et al. (2005) “Changes in Ecosystem Services and Their Drivers Across the Scenarios”, In Steve R. Carpenter, Prabhu L. Pingali, Elena M. Bennett, Monica B. Zurek (eds.) Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Scenarios, Volume 2, Island Press, Washington, DC, 297–373.
  • Alexandratos, N.; Bruinsma, J. (2012) World Agriculture Towards 2030/2050: The 2012 Revision, ESA Working paper No. 12-03, FAO, Rome.
  • APPG-All-Party Parliamentary Group, (2015) Population Dynamics and the Sustainable Development Goals, A report by the UK All-Party Parliamentary Group on Population, Development and Reproductive Health.
  • Aslan, F. (2010) İktisadi Büyümenin Ekolojik Sınırları ve Kalkınmanın Sürdürülebilirliği, Basılmamış YL Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Bartlett, A.A. (1994) “Reflections on sustainability, population growth and the environment”, Population and Environment: A Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 16(1), 5-35.
  • Bartlett, A.A. (2012) “The Meaning of Sustainability”, (http://www.albartlett.org/articles/art_meaning_of_sustainability_2012mar20.pdf, 28.5.2016)
  • Bell, M.; Muhidin, S. (2009) Cross-National Comparison of Internal Migration, UNDP Human Development Research Paper 2009/30.
  • Bongaarts, J. (1996) “Population pressure and the food supply system in the developing world”, Population and Development Review, 22(3), 483-503.
  • Boserup, E. (1965) The Conditions of Agriculture Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure, Aldine Publishing Company, Chicago.
  • Bulatao, R.A. (1998) The Value of Family Planning Programs in Developing Countries, Population Matters Series, RAND, Santa Monica-California.
  • Campbell, M.M. (1998) “Schools of thought: An analysis of interest groups influential in international population policy”, Population and Environment: A Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 19(6), 487-512.
  • Carr, D.L.; Suter, L.; Barbieri, A. (2005), “Population dynamics and tropical deforestation: State of the debate and conceptual challenges”, Population and Environment, 27(1):89-113.
  • Castles, S. (2010) “Understanding global migration: A social transformation perspective”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 36(10), 1565-1586.
  • Chambers, N.; Simmons, C.; Wackernagel, M. (2000) Sharing Nature's Interest: Ecological Footprints as an Indicator of Sustainability, Earthscan, New York.
  • Cohen, J. E. (1995) How Many People Can The Earth Support? Norton, New York.
  • Cohen, J. E., (2003) “Human population: The next half century”, Science 302, 1172-1175.
  • Costanza, R.; Daly, H.E., (1992) “Natural capital and sustainable development”, Conservation Biology, 6(1), 37-46.
  • Daily, G.C.; Ehrlich, P. R. (1992) “Population, sustainability, and Earth's carrying capacity”, BioScience, 42(10), 761-771.
  • Daly, H. E. (1990) “Toward some operational principles of sustainable development”, Ecological Economics,2(1), 1-6.
  • Daly, H.E. (2006) “Sustainable Development: Definitions, Principles, Policies”, In Marco Keiner (ed.), The Future of Sustainability, Springer, Dordrecht, 39–53.
  • de Sherbinin, A.; Carr, D.; Cassels, S.; Jiang, L. (2007) “Population and environment”, Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 32, 345-373.
  • Dietz, T.; Rosa, E.A; York, R. (2007) “Driving the human ecological footprint”, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 5(1), 13-18.
  • Dinda, S. (2004) “Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A survey”, Ecological Economics, 49(4), 431-455.
  • Ehrlich, P.R. (1968) The Population Bomb, Ballantine Books, New York.
  • Ehrlich, P.R.; Ehrlich, A.H. (1990) The Population Explosion, Simon & Schuster: New York.
  • Ehrlich, P.R.; Holdren, J.P. (1971) “Impact of population growth”, Science, New Series, 171(3977), 1212-1217.
  • Ehrlich, P.R.; Ehrlich, A.H.; Daily, G.C. (1993) “Food security, population, and environment”, Population and Development Review, 19(1), 1-32.
  • Ercin, A.E.; Hoekstra, A.Y. (2014) Water footprint scenarios for 2050: A global analysis. Environmental International, 64, 71–82.tEuropean Environment Agency, (2014), “Global megatrend 1: Diverging global population trends”, Assessment of Global Megatrends: An Update, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen.
  • Ewing, B.; Goldfinger, S.; Oursler, A.; Reed, A.; Moore, D.; Wackernagel, M. (2009) The Ecological Footprint Atlas 2009, Global Footprint Network, Oakland
  • Food and Agriculture Organization-FAO (2010) Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010, Main Report, FAO, Rome.
  • Food and Agriculture Organization-FAO (2012) State of the World’s Forests 2012, FAO, Rome.
  • Fortmann, L., Antinori, C.; Nabane, N. (1997) “Fruits of their labors: Gender, property rights, and tree planting in two Zimbabwe villages,” Rural Sociology, 62(3), 295-314.
  • Gallopìn, C. G. (2012) Five Stylized Scenarios, Global Water Futures 2050, UNESCO, Paris.
  • Gladwin, T.N.; Kennelly, J.J.; Krause, T. (1995) “Shifting paradigms for sustainable development: Implications for management theory and research”, Academy of Management Review, 20(4), 874-907.
  • Harris, J.M. (2000) Basic Principles of Sustainable Development, Global Development and Environment Institute Working Paper:00-04, Tufts University, USA.
  • Harris, J.M.; Kennedy, S. (1999) “Carrying capacity in agriculture: Global and regional issues”, Ecological Economics, 29(3), 443-461.
  • Holdren, J.P.; Ehrlich, P.R. (1974) “Human population and the global environment”, American Scientist, 62(3), 282-292.
  • Holmberg, J.; Sandbrook, R. (1992) “Sustainable development: What is to be done?”, In Holmberg, J. (ed.), Making Development Sustainable: Redefining Institutions, Policy, and Economics, Island Press, Washington, D.C., 19-38.
  • Hoornweg, D.; Bhada-Tata, P. (2012) What a Waste: A Global Review of Solid Waste Management, World Bank, Washington.
  • Hugo, G. (1996) “Environmental concerns and international migration”, International Migration Review, 30(1), 105-131.
  • Hugo, G. (2011) Future demographic change and its interactions with migration and climate change”, Global Environmental Change, 21S, S21-S33.
  • Hunter, L.M. (2000) The Environmental Implications of Population Dynamics, RAND, Santa Monica-California.
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change-IPCC, (1990) First Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • International Organization for Migration-IOM (1992) Migration and The Environment, IOM, Geneva.
  • International Organization for Migration-IOM (2010) World Migration Report 2010, The Future of Migration: Building Capacities for Change, IOM, Geneva.
  • Johnson, D. G. (1984) "World food and agriculture", In Simon, J.L and Kahn, E. (eds.), The Resourceful Earth: A Responset o Global 2000, Basil Blackwell, Oxford and New York, 67-112.
  • Keleş, R.; Hamamcı, C. (2005) Çevre Politikası, İmge Kitabevi Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Koç, İ.; Eryurt, M.A.; Adalı, T.; Seçkiner, P. (2010) Türkiye’nin Demografik Dönüşümü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Laczko, F.; Aghazarm, C. (Eds.) (2009) Migration, Environment and Climate Change: Assessing The Evidence, International Organization for Migration-IOM, Geneva.
  • Lucas, R.E.B. (2015) Internal Migration in Developing Economies: An Overview, Global Knowledge Partnership on Migration and Development (KNOMAD), Working Paper.
  • Malthus, T. (1998) An Essay on the Principle of Population, (Electronic Scholarly Publishing Project), London.  (http://www.esp.org/books/malthus/population/malthus.pdf, 20.10.2016)
  • Marland, G.; Boden, T.A.; Andres, R.J. (2006) Global, Regional, and National CO2 Emissions. In Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Oak Ridge-TN, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis. Center.
  • Martin, S.F. (2009) “Managing environmentally induced migration”, In Laczko, F.and Aghazarm, C. (eds.), Migration, Environment and Climate Change: Assessing The Evidence, International Organization for Migration-IOM, Geneva, 353-384.
  • Mbonile, M.J. (2005) “Migration and intensification of water conflicts in the Pangani Basin,Tanzania”, Habitat International, 29(1). 41–67.
  • Meadows, D.H.; Meadows, D.L.; Randers, J.; Behrens, W.W. (1972) The Limits to Growth: A Report for the Club of Rome’s Project on the Predicament of Mankind, Universe Books, New York.
  • Mekonnen, M.M.; Hoekstra, A.Y. (2016) Four billion people facing severe water scarcity, Science Advances,2(2), e1500323.
  • Nellemann, C.; MacDevette, M.; Manders, T.; Eickhout, B.; Svihus, B.; Prins, A.G.; Kaltenborn, B.P. (Eds) (2009) The Environmental Food Crisis: The Environment’s Role in Averting Future Food Crises, A UNEP rapid response assessment, United Nations Environment Programme, GRID-Arendal,
  • Newbold, K.B. (2014) Population Geography: Tools and Issues, (Second edition), Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Plymounth UK.
  • Peters, G.L.; Larkin, R.P. (2005) Population Geography: Problems, Concepts, and Prospect, (Eighth Edition), Kendal/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque.
  • Pimentel, D.; Giampietro, M.; Bukkens, S.G. (1998) An optimum population for North and Latin America. Population and Environment, 20(2) 125-148.
  • Population Reference Bureau-PRB (2015) 2015 World Population Data Sheet,: PRB, Washington, D.C.
  • Reher, D.S. (2004) “The demographic transition revisited as a global process”, Population, Space and Place, 10(1), 19-41.
  • Scoones, I. (2007) “Sustainability”, Development in Practice, 17(4-5), 589-596.
  • Tarazona, M., Gallegos, J. (2011) Recent Trends in Disaster Impact on Child Welfare and Development: 1999-2009, Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction-GAR, Geneva.
  • Toros, A.; Ulusoy, M., Ergöçmen, B. (1997) Ulusal Çevre Eylem Planı: Nüfus ve Çevre, DPT, Ankara.
  • Türkeş, M.; Sümer, U.M.; Çetiner, G. (2000) “Küresel İklim Değişikliği ve Olası Etkileri”, Çevre Bakanlığı, Birleşmiş Milletler İklim Değişikliği Çerçeve Sözleşmesi Seminer Notları, (http://www.mgm.gov.tr/files/iklim/iklimetkileri.pdf, 10.3.2012).
  • Türkiye Çevre Vakfı (1991) Ortak Geleceğimiz-Dünya Çevre ve Kalkınma Komisyonu, Belkıs Çorakçı (Çev.), Türkiye Çevre Sorunları Vakfı, Ankara.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu-TÜİK (2016) Ölüm İstatistikleri, 2015, Haber Bülteni Sayı: 21522, 28 Nisan 2016
  • (http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=21522) United
  • (http://www.un.org/documents/ga/conf151/aconf15126-1annex1.htm, 21.6.2016).
  • United Nations-UN (2001) World Population Prospects: The 2000 Revision Highlights ESA/P/WP.165.
  • United Nations-UN (2013) World Mortality Report 2013, ST/ESA/SER.A/347.
  • United Nations-UN (2014a) World Fertility Report 2013: Fertility at the Extremes. ST/ESA/SER.A/331.
  • United Nations-UN (2014b) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, Highlights, ST/ESA/SER.A/352.
  • United Nations-UN (2014c) Desertification: The Invisible Frontline, Bonn: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification.
  • United Nations-UN (2015a) World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables, ESA/P/WP.241.
  • United Nations-UN (2015b) World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Data Booklet, ST/ESA/SER.A/377.
  • United Nations-UN (2015c) World Fertility Patterns 2015, Data Booklet, ST/ESA/SER.A /370.
  • United Nations-UN (2015d) World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Volume II: Demographic Profiles ST/ESA/SER.A/380.
  • United Nations-UN (2015e) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, ST/ESA/SER.A/366.
  • United Nations-UN (2016) International Migration Report 2015: High
  • lights, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, ST/ESA/SER.A/375.
  • United Nations Development Programme-UNDP (2015) Human Development Report 2015 Work for Human Development.  (http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2015_human_development_report_1.pdf, 6.3.2017)
  • United Nations Environment Programme-UNEP (1992) Demographic Dynamics and Sustainability, United Nations Conference (http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=52&ArticleID=53, 23.5.2015). Environment & Development, Agenda 21,
  • United Nations Environment Programme-UNEP (1997) Global Environmental Outlook, New York: Oxford University Press. (http://www.unep.org/geo/geo1/fig/fig0_2.htm., 10.6.2016).
  • United Nations Environment Programme-UNEP (2011) HFCs: A Critical Link in Protecting Climate and the Ozone Layer, A UNEP Synthesis Report.
  • United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA (1994a) Population & the Environment in Developing Countries: Literature Survey and Research Bibliography, ESA/P/WP.123.
  • United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA (1994b) Programme of Action, Adopted at the International Conference on Population, Cairo, 5-13 September 1994, UNFPA.
  • United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA (2008) Population and Climate Change, Framework of UNFPA’s Agenda. United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA, (2012), Population Matters for Sustainable Development, (http://www.unfpa.org/publications/population-matters-sustainable-development, 15.6.2016).
  • United Nations Population Fund-UNFPA (2013) Population Dynamics in the Post-2015 Development Agenda: Report of the Global Thematic Consultation on Population Dynamics, The (http://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Dynamics%20in%20Post-2015%20FINAL.pdf, 27.6.2016). World We Want.
  • UNU-INWEH-United Nations University, Institute for Water, Environment & Health, (2013) Water Security & the Global Water Agenda: A UN-Water Analytical Brief, UNU-INWEH, Ontario.
  • Vörösmarty, C.J.; Green, P.; Salisbury, J.; Lammers,R.B. (July 14, 2000) Global water resources: Vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289(5477), 284-288.
  • Wackernagel, M. (2011) Economic Prosperity and Resilience in the New Era of Biocapacity Constraints, UN Dialogue on “Harmony with Nature”, (http://www.uncsd2012.org/content/documents/Mathis%20Wackernagel.pdf, 26.6.2016).
  • Wackernagel, M.; Rees, W. (1995) Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth, New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, BC; Philadelphia, PA.
  • Wackernagel, M.; Schulz, N.B.; Deumling, D.; Linares, A.C.; Jenkins, M.; Kapos, V.; Monfreda, C.; Loh, J.; Myers, N.; Norgaard, R.;Randers, J. (2002) “Tracking the ecological overshoot of the human economy”, Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America PNAS, 99(14), 9266–9271.
  • Weyant, J.; Yanigisawa, Y. (1998) “Energy and Industry”, In Rayner, S. and Malone, E.L. (Eds.), Human Choice & Climate Change: Resources and Technology Vol. 2, Battelle Press, Columbus, Ohio,.203-289.
  • World Bank (1999) Entering the 21st Century: World Development Report 1999/2000. Oxford University Press, New York.
  • World Commission on Environment and Development-WCED (1987) Our Common Future: Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • World Forum on Natural Capital (2015) What is natural capital?, (http://naturalcapitalforum.com/about/, 25.10.2016).
  • World Wildlife Fund-WWF (2012a) Türkiye’nin Ekolojik Ayak İzi Raporu, WWF.
  • World Wildlife Fund-WWF (2012b) Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, Biocapacity and Better Choices, WWF, Gland- Switzerland.
  • Zetter, R. (2014) Protecting Forced Migrants: A State of the Art Report of Concepts, Challenges and Ways Forward, Federal Commission on Migration FCM, Bern.
There are 103 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Other ID JA35ER85VG
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Murat Ertuğrul Özgür This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özgür, M. E. (2017). Nüfus Dinamikleri, Çevre ve Sürdürülebilirlik. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 15(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000178