BibTex RIS Cite

Adana Surface Heat Island using Landsat Images

Year 2015, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 115 - 138, 01.08.2015
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000167

Abstract

The cities show different temperature characteristics than their surroundings. These different temperature conditions are called as “urban heat island (UHI)” when they are measured by the air temperature and as “surface heat island (SUHI)” when the surface temperature is specified. In this study the subject of which is the characteristic of the SUHI within the year in Adana city and its close surrounding the Landsat satellite images, the meteorology station data and various definitive statistics were used. By using the satellite images and various sources, the development of the city and the associated growth in the surface heat island (SHI) dimensions were revealed. The surface temperature models were created from the thermal bands of the satellite images and the differences that the relative surface temperature status shows within the year as compared with the surrounding of the city were analyzed. The differences in the surface temperatures according to the land cover created by the controlled classification were identified. The development in the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) values within the year was analyzed and its natural development in Adana and its surrounding was revealed. In the study in which also the relations between the surface temperatures and the NDVI values were examined, it was determined that Adana SUHI has reached to 170 km2 today and shows negative SHI characteristic in the winter season and positive SUHI characteristic in the summer season. In the surrounding of Adana where the water surfaces have the lowest temperatures, the highest surface temperatures were identified in the irrigated farming areas where dry farming is performed in the cold period and in the pasture areas in the summer season. The correlations between the NDVI value and the surface temperatures show negative values except for the water surfaces. The NDVI-surface temperature relation in the urban areas is generally positive in the winter period whereas it shows negative values in the summer season

References

  • Acar, D. (2005). Bursa’da Şehirleşmenin Yağış ve Sıcaklık Üzerine Etkisi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Albar, R. (2003). Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Yöntemlere Giriş. Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Balogun, A. A., Balogun, I. A., & Adeyewa, Z. D. (2010). Comparisons of urban and rural heat stress conditions in a hot- humid tropical city. Global Health Action, 3, 5p. doi:10.3402/gha.v3i0.5614
  • Bilgili, C. (2009). Ankara Kenti Yeşil Alanlarının Kent Ekosistemine Olan Etkilerinin Bazı Ekolojik Göstergeler Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. (Ph-D), Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  • Bounoua, L., Safia, A., Masek, J., Peters-Lidard, C., & Imhoff, M. L. (2009). Impact of Urban Growth on Surface Climate: A Case Study in Oran, Algeria. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 48(2), 15p. doi:10.1175/2008jamc2044.1
  • Chen, X.-L., Zhao, H.-M., Li, P.-X., & Yin, Z.-Y. (2006). Remote sensing image-based analysis of the relationship between urban heat island and land use/cover changes. Remote Sensing of Environment, 104(2), 133-146. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.11.016
  • Cui, Y. Y., & de Foy, B. (2012). Seasonal Variations of the Urban Heat Island at the Surface and the Near-Surface and Reductions due to Urban Vegetation in Mexico City. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 51(5), 855- 868. doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-11-0104.1
  • Çalışkan, O., Çiçek, İ., & Matzarakis, A. (2012). The climate and bioclimate of Bursa (Turkey) from the perspective of tourism. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 107(3), 417-425.
  • Çalışkan, O., & Türkoğlu, N. (2011). Ankara şehrinin insan biyoklimatolojisi açısından analizi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 978-1001.
  • Çicek, İ., & Türkoğlu, N. (2009). The effects of Urbanization on Water Vapour Pressure in a Semi-Arid Climate. Theoretical & Applied Climatology, 95(1/2), 10p. doi:10.1007/s00704-007-0363-8
  • Çiçek, İ. (2003, 11-13 Nisan 2002). Ankara’da Şehirleşmenin Biyoklimatik Koşullar Üzerine Etkisi. Paper presented at the Prof.Dr. Sırrı Erinç Anısına Klimatoloji Çalıştayı, İzmir.
  • Çiçek, İ. (2005). Ankara’da Şehir ve Kırsal Sıcaklık Farklarındaki Değişiklikler (1970-2002). Fırat Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(2), 1-16.
  • Çiçek, İ., & Doğan, U. (2005). Ankara’da Şehir Isı Adasının İncelenmesi. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 57-72
  • Çiçek, İ., Yılmaz, E., Türkoğlu, N., & Çalışkan, O. (2013). Seasonal variation of surface temperature based on land cover in Ankara Ankara şehrinde yüzey sıcaklıklarının arazi örtüsüne göre mevsimsel değişimi. 2013, 10(1), 20.
  • Guoxiang, Y., Bowling, L. C., Cherkauer, K. A., Pijanowski, B. C., & Niyogi, D. (2010). Hydroclimatic Response of Watersheds to Urban Intensity: An Observational and Modeling-Based Analysis for the White River Basin, Indiana. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 11(1), 17p. doi:10.1175/2009jhm1143.1
  • Guoyin, C., Mingyi, D., & Yong, X. (2011). Monitoring of urban heat island effect in Beijing combining ASTER and TM data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 32(5), 20p. doi:10.1080/01431160903469079
  • Karabulut, M. (2003). An examination of relationships between vegetation and rainfall using maximum value composite AVHRR-NDVI data. Turkish Journal of Botany, 27(2), 93-101.
  • Karaca, M., Anteplioĝlu, Ü., & Karsan, H. (1995). Detection of urban heat island in Istanbul, Turkey. Il Nuovo Cimento C, 18(1), 49-55. doi:10.1007/bf02561458
  • Karaca, M., & Tayanç, M. (1998, 18-23 October). Urbanization Effects on Regional Climate Change in Turkey. Paper presented at the Second European Climate Conference, Vienna, Austia.
  • Katpatal, Y., Kute, A., & Satapathy, D. (2008). Surface- and Air-Temperature Studies in Relation to Land Use/Land Cover of Nagpur Urban Area Using Landsat 5 TM Data. J. Urban Plann. Dev., 134:3 (110), 110-118.
  • Kuşçu, Ç., & Şengezer, B. (2011, 10-15 April 2011). Determination of Heat Islands from Landsat Tm Data: Relationship between Surface Temperature and Urbanization Factors in Istanbul. Paper presented at the 34th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Sydney, Australia.
  • Lee, S. H., Song, C. K., Baik, J. J., & Park, S. U. (2009). Estimation of anthropogenic heat emission in the Gyeong-In region of Korea. Theoretical & Applied Climatology, 96(3/4), 13p. doi:10.1007/s00704-008-0040-6
  • Lillesand, T., Kiefer, R. W., & Chipman, J. (2015). Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, 7th Edition: Wiley.
  • Lin, C.-Y., Chen, F., Huang, J. C., Chen, W. C., Liou, Y. A., Chen, W. N., & Liu, S.-C. (2008). Urban heat island effect and its impact on boundary layer development and land-sea circulation over northern Taiwan. Atmospheric Environment, 42(22), 15p. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.03.015
  • Liu, L., & Zhang, Y. (2011). Urban Heat Island Analysis Using the Landsat TM Data and ASTER Data: A Case Study in Hong Kong. Remote Sensing, 3(7), 1535.
  • Lougeay, R., Brazel, A., & Hubble, M. (1996). Monitoring Intraurban temperature patterns and associated land cover in phoenix, Arizona using Landsat thermal data. Geocarto International, 11(4), 79-90. doi:10.1080/10106049609354564
  • Matzarakis, A. (2011). Climate as key factor in urban planning, The example of Freiburg. Ankara Üniversitesi, Coğrafya Bölümü.
  • Matzarakis, A. (2013). Basic analysis of climate and urban bioclimate of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Theoretical & Applied Climatology, 114(1/2), 14p. doi:10.1007/s00704-012-0828-2
  • Melvin, P., Hashem, A., Paul, B., Steven, J. K., Haider, T., & Arthur, H. R. (1999). Reflective surfaces for cooler buildings and cities. Philosophical Magazine Part B, 79.
  • NASA. (2013). Upcoming Change in Landsat 8 Radiometric Calibration. Nasa Web Page, http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/?p=6609.
  • NASA. (2014). Atmospheric Correction Parameter Calculator. Nasa Web Page, http://atmcorr.gsfc.nasa.gov/.
  • NASA. (2015). Landsat 8 (L8) Data Users Handbook.
  • Nichol, J. E. (1996). High-Resolution Surface Temperature Patterns Related to Urban Morphology in a Tropical City: A Satellite-Based Study. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 35(1), 135-146. doi:doi:10.1175/1520- 0450(1996)035<0135:HRSTPR>2.0.CO;2
  • Oka, M. (2011). The Influence of Urban Street Characteristics on Pedestrian Heat Comfort Levels in Philadelphia. Transactions in GIS, 15(1), 15p. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9671.2010.01245.x
  • Oke, T. R. (1981). Canyon geometry and the nocturnal urban heat island: Comparison of scale model and field observations. Journal of Climatology, 1(3), 237-254. doi:10.1002/joc.3370010304
  • Oke, T. R. (1982). The energetic basis of the urban heat island. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 108(455), 1-24. doi:10.1002/qj.49710845502
  • Oke, T. R. (2002). Boundary layer climates (Secon Edition ed.): Routledge.
  • Özdemir, H., Ünal, A., Kindap, T., Turuncoglu, U., Durmusoglu, Z., Khan, M., . . . Karaca, M. (2011). Quantification of the urban heat island under a changing climate over Anatolian Peninsula. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 1-8. doi:10.1007/s00704-011-0515-8
  • Peña, M. A. (2009). Examination of the Land Surface Temperature Response for Santiago, Chile. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 75(10), 1191-1200. doi:10.14358/PERS.75.10.1191
  • Rinner, C., & Hussain, M. (2011). Toronto’s Urban Heat Island—Exploring the Relationship between Land Use and Surface Temperature. Remote Sensing, 3(6), 1251.
  • Sandal, E. K., & Tıraş, M. (2012). Adana’da Ulaşım Problemlerinin Şehir Coğrafyası Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 17(18), 125-140.
  • Schlünzen, K. H., & Katzfey, J. J. (2003). Relevance of sub-grid-scale land-use effects for mesoscale models. Tellus A, 55(3), 232-246. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0870.2003.00017.x
  • Shan-You, Z., Qiu, Y., & Ding-Bo, K. (2006). Using characteristic spectral bands of OMIS1 imaging spectrometer to retrieve urban land surface temperature. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(8), 16p. doi:10.1080/01431160500462147
  • Shaopeng, H., Feng, C., Hong, Y., Cuiping, W., & Changbai, Z. (2012). The Impacts of Rapid Urbanization on the Thermal Environment: A Remote Sensing Study of Guangzhou, South China. Remote Sensing, 4(7), 24p. doi:10.3390/rs4072033
  • Solecki, W. D., Rosenzweig, C., Parshall, L., Pope, G., Clark, M., Cox, J., & Wiencke, M. (2005). Mitigation of the heat island effect in urban New Jersey. Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards, 6(1), 39-49. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hazards.2004.12.002
  • Sönmez, M. E. (2011). Adana Şehrinin Alansal Gelişimi ve Yakın Çevresinin Arazi Kullanımında Meydana Gelen Değişimler. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 57, 55-69.
  • Su, W., Gu, C., & Yang, G. (2010). Assessing the Impact of Land Use/Land Cover on Urban Heat Island Pattern in Nanjing City, China. Journal of Urban Planning & Development, 136(4), 8p. doi:10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000033
  • Taha, H., Akbari, H., Rosenfeld, A., & Huang, J. (1988). Residential cooling loads and the urban heat island—the effects of albedo. Building and Environment, 23(4), 271-283. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(88)90033-9
  • Taiyang, Z., Xuezhi, F., & Ke, W. (2009). Estimation of the relationship between vegetation patches and urban land surface temperature with remote sensing. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 30(8), 14p. doi:10.1080/01431160802549252
  • Tan, K. C., Lim, H. S., MatJafri, M. Z., & Abdullah, K. (2009). Landsat data to evaluate urban expansion and determine land use/land cover changes in Penang Island, Malaysia. Environmental Earth Sciences, 60(7), 1509-1521. doi:10.1007/s12665-009-0286-z
  • Tanrıkulu, M. (2006). İzmir’de Şehirleşmenin Sıcaklığa Etkisi. (Master), Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Tayanç, M., & Toros, H. (1997). Urbanization Effects On Regional Climate Change in The Case Of Four Large Cities Of Turkey. Climatic Change, 35(4), 501-524. doi:10.1023/a:1005357915441
  • Temuçin, E. (1995). Türkiye’de Kentleşmenin Sıcaklık Koşulları Üzerine Etkisi. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 8, 75-92.
  • Tomlinson, C. J., Chapman, L., Thornes, J. E., & Baker, C. J. (2011). Including the urban heat island in spatial heat health risk assessment strategies: a case study for Birmingham, UK. International Journal of Health Geographics, 10(1), 14p. doi:10.1186/1476-072x-10-42
  • Tsing-Chang, C., Shih-Yu, W., & Ming-Cheng, Y. (2007). Enhancement of Afternoon Thunderstorm Activity by Urbanization in a Valley: Taipei. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 46(9), 17p. doi:10.1175/jam2526.1
  • Tunay, M., & Ateşoğlu, A. (2008). Çok Zamanlı Uydu Görüntüleri ile Amasra ve Yakın Çevresine Ait Bitki Örtüsü Değişim Analizi. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergis, 10(13), 71-80.
  • Türkoğlu, N., & Çalışkan, O. (2011). Nevşehir ve Ürgüp’te Şehirleşmenin Biyoklimatik Koşullar Üzerine Etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 51(1), 45-63.
  • Unger, J., Savic, S., & Gal, T. (2011). Modelling of the Annual Mean Urban Heat Island Pattern for Planning of Representative Urban Climate Station Network. Advances in Meteorology, 2011, 9p. doi:10.1155/2011/398613
  • Xiaofeng, Z., Jucong, H., Hong, Y., Kai, W., & Quanyi, Q. (2010). Spatiotemporal changes of the urban heat island of a coastal city in the context of urbanisation. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 17(4), 6p. doi:10.1080/13504509.2010.490333
  • Xu, J., Tan, W., & Xu, L. (2007). The relationship between land surface temperature and NDVI with remote sensing: application to Shanghai Landsat 7 ETM+ data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28(15), 22p. doi:10.1080/01431160500306906
  • Xuefei, H., & Qihao, W. (2011). Impervious surface area extraction from IKONOS imagery using an object-based fuzzy method. Geocarto International, 26(1), 18p. doi:10.1080/10106049.2010.535616
  • Yılmaz, E. (2013). Ankara Şehrinde Isı Adası Oluşumu. (Doktora Tezi), Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Yüksel, Ü. (2005). Ankara Kentinde Kentsel Isı Adası Etkisinin Yaz Aylarında Uzaktan Algılama ve Meteorolojik Gözlemlere Dayalı Olarak Saptanması ve Değerlendirilmesi Üzerinde Bir Araştırma. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı Anabilim Dalı, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi.
  • Yüksel, Ü., & Kuntay, O. (2009). Effects of Urbanization on the Climate of Ankara. Paper presented at the Urban Research Symposium: Cities and Climate Change: Responding to an Urgent Agenda Marseille.
  • Zha, Y., Gao, J., & Ni, S. (2003). Use of normalized difference built-up index in automatically mapping urban areas from TM imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 24(3), 583-594. doi:10.1080/01431160304987
  • Zhang, D.-L., Shou, Y.-X., Dickerson, R. R., & Chen, F. (2011). Impact of Upstream Urbanization on the Urban Heat Island Effects along the Washington-Baltimore Corridor. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 50(10), 18p. doi:10.1175/jamc-d-10-05008.1
  • Zhong, T., Wang, K., & Cheng, Z. (2009). Scaling of impervious surface area and vegetation as indicators to urban land surface temperature using satellite data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 30(4), 19p. doi:10.1080/01431160802395219

Landsat görüntüleri ile Adana yüzey ısı adası

Year 2015, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 115 - 138, 01.08.2015
https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000167

Abstract

Şehirler çevrelerine göre farklı sıcaklık özellikleri gösterirler. Bu farklı sıcaklık koşulları hava sıcaklığı ile ölçüldüğünde “şehir ısı adası (ŞIA)”, yüzey sıcaklığı ile belirtildiğinde ise “yüzey ısı adası (YIA)” adını alır. Adana şehri ve yakın çevresinde YIA’nın yıl içindeki karakterinin konu edildiği bu çalışmada, Landsat uydu görüntüleri, meteoroloji istasyonu verileri ve çeşitli tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Uydu görüntülerinden ve çeşitli kaynaklardan yararlanılarak, şehrin gelişimi ve buna bağlı yüzey ısı adası (YIA) boyutlarındaki büyüme ortaya konulmuştur. Uydu görüntülerinin termal bantlarından yüzey sıcaklık modelleri üretilmiş, şehrin çevresine göre nispi yüzey sıcaklık durumunun yıl içinde gösterdiği farklılıklar analiz edilmiştir. Kontrollü sınıflandırma yöntemiyle oluşturulan arazi örtüsüne göre yüzey sıcaklıklarındaki farklılıklar belirlenmiştir. Yıl içindeki normalize edilmiş bitki indeksi (NDVI) değerlerinin yıl içerisindeki değişimi ortaya konulmuştur. Yüzey sıcaklıkları ile NDVI değerleri arasındaki ilişkilerin de incelendiği çalışmada, Adana YIA’nın günümüzde 170 km2ye yaklaştığı, kış ayalarında negatif YIA, yaz aylarında ise pozitif YIA özelliği gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Su yüzeylerinin en düşük sıcaklıklara sahip olduğu Adana çevresinde en yüksek yüzey sıcaklıkları soğuk dönemde kuru tarım yapılan sulu tarım alanlarında, yaz aylarında ise mera alanlarında belirlenmiştir. NDVI ile yüzey sıcaklıkları arasındaki korelasyonlar su yüzeyleri haricinde negatif değerler göstermektedir. Şehirsel alanlardaki NDVI-yüzey sıcaklığı ilişkisi yaz aylarında negatif değerler gösterirken kış döneminde genel olarak pozitiftir

References

  • Acar, D. (2005). Bursa’da Şehirleşmenin Yağış ve Sıcaklık Üzerine Etkisi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Albar, R. (2003). Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Yöntemlere Giriş. Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Balogun, A. A., Balogun, I. A., & Adeyewa, Z. D. (2010). Comparisons of urban and rural heat stress conditions in a hot- humid tropical city. Global Health Action, 3, 5p. doi:10.3402/gha.v3i0.5614
  • Bilgili, C. (2009). Ankara Kenti Yeşil Alanlarının Kent Ekosistemine Olan Etkilerinin Bazı Ekolojik Göstergeler Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. (Ph-D), Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  • Bounoua, L., Safia, A., Masek, J., Peters-Lidard, C., & Imhoff, M. L. (2009). Impact of Urban Growth on Surface Climate: A Case Study in Oran, Algeria. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 48(2), 15p. doi:10.1175/2008jamc2044.1
  • Chen, X.-L., Zhao, H.-M., Li, P.-X., & Yin, Z.-Y. (2006). Remote sensing image-based analysis of the relationship between urban heat island and land use/cover changes. Remote Sensing of Environment, 104(2), 133-146. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.11.016
  • Cui, Y. Y., & de Foy, B. (2012). Seasonal Variations of the Urban Heat Island at the Surface and the Near-Surface and Reductions due to Urban Vegetation in Mexico City. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 51(5), 855- 868. doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-11-0104.1
  • Çalışkan, O., Çiçek, İ., & Matzarakis, A. (2012). The climate and bioclimate of Bursa (Turkey) from the perspective of tourism. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 107(3), 417-425.
  • Çalışkan, O., & Türkoğlu, N. (2011). Ankara şehrinin insan biyoklimatolojisi açısından analizi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 978-1001.
  • Çicek, İ., & Türkoğlu, N. (2009). The effects of Urbanization on Water Vapour Pressure in a Semi-Arid Climate. Theoretical & Applied Climatology, 95(1/2), 10p. doi:10.1007/s00704-007-0363-8
  • Çiçek, İ. (2003, 11-13 Nisan 2002). Ankara’da Şehirleşmenin Biyoklimatik Koşullar Üzerine Etkisi. Paper presented at the Prof.Dr. Sırrı Erinç Anısına Klimatoloji Çalıştayı, İzmir.
  • Çiçek, İ. (2005). Ankara’da Şehir ve Kırsal Sıcaklık Farklarındaki Değişiklikler (1970-2002). Fırat Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(2), 1-16.
  • Çiçek, İ., & Doğan, U. (2005). Ankara’da Şehir Isı Adasının İncelenmesi. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 3(1), 57-72
  • Çiçek, İ., Yılmaz, E., Türkoğlu, N., & Çalışkan, O. (2013). Seasonal variation of surface temperature based on land cover in Ankara Ankara şehrinde yüzey sıcaklıklarının arazi örtüsüne göre mevsimsel değişimi. 2013, 10(1), 20.
  • Guoxiang, Y., Bowling, L. C., Cherkauer, K. A., Pijanowski, B. C., & Niyogi, D. (2010). Hydroclimatic Response of Watersheds to Urban Intensity: An Observational and Modeling-Based Analysis for the White River Basin, Indiana. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 11(1), 17p. doi:10.1175/2009jhm1143.1
  • Guoyin, C., Mingyi, D., & Yong, X. (2011). Monitoring of urban heat island effect in Beijing combining ASTER and TM data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 32(5), 20p. doi:10.1080/01431160903469079
  • Karabulut, M. (2003). An examination of relationships between vegetation and rainfall using maximum value composite AVHRR-NDVI data. Turkish Journal of Botany, 27(2), 93-101.
  • Karaca, M., Anteplioĝlu, Ü., & Karsan, H. (1995). Detection of urban heat island in Istanbul, Turkey. Il Nuovo Cimento C, 18(1), 49-55. doi:10.1007/bf02561458
  • Karaca, M., & Tayanç, M. (1998, 18-23 October). Urbanization Effects on Regional Climate Change in Turkey. Paper presented at the Second European Climate Conference, Vienna, Austia.
  • Katpatal, Y., Kute, A., & Satapathy, D. (2008). Surface- and Air-Temperature Studies in Relation to Land Use/Land Cover of Nagpur Urban Area Using Landsat 5 TM Data. J. Urban Plann. Dev., 134:3 (110), 110-118.
  • Kuşçu, Ç., & Şengezer, B. (2011, 10-15 April 2011). Determination of Heat Islands from Landsat Tm Data: Relationship between Surface Temperature and Urbanization Factors in Istanbul. Paper presented at the 34th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Sydney, Australia.
  • Lee, S. H., Song, C. K., Baik, J. J., & Park, S. U. (2009). Estimation of anthropogenic heat emission in the Gyeong-In region of Korea. Theoretical & Applied Climatology, 96(3/4), 13p. doi:10.1007/s00704-008-0040-6
  • Lillesand, T., Kiefer, R. W., & Chipman, J. (2015). Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, 7th Edition: Wiley.
  • Lin, C.-Y., Chen, F., Huang, J. C., Chen, W. C., Liou, Y. A., Chen, W. N., & Liu, S.-C. (2008). Urban heat island effect and its impact on boundary layer development and land-sea circulation over northern Taiwan. Atmospheric Environment, 42(22), 15p. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.03.015
  • Liu, L., & Zhang, Y. (2011). Urban Heat Island Analysis Using the Landsat TM Data and ASTER Data: A Case Study in Hong Kong. Remote Sensing, 3(7), 1535.
  • Lougeay, R., Brazel, A., & Hubble, M. (1996). Monitoring Intraurban temperature patterns and associated land cover in phoenix, Arizona using Landsat thermal data. Geocarto International, 11(4), 79-90. doi:10.1080/10106049609354564
  • Matzarakis, A. (2011). Climate as key factor in urban planning, The example of Freiburg. Ankara Üniversitesi, Coğrafya Bölümü.
  • Matzarakis, A. (2013). Basic analysis of climate and urban bioclimate of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Theoretical & Applied Climatology, 114(1/2), 14p. doi:10.1007/s00704-012-0828-2
  • Melvin, P., Hashem, A., Paul, B., Steven, J. K., Haider, T., & Arthur, H. R. (1999). Reflective surfaces for cooler buildings and cities. Philosophical Magazine Part B, 79.
  • NASA. (2013). Upcoming Change in Landsat 8 Radiometric Calibration. Nasa Web Page, http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/?p=6609.
  • NASA. (2014). Atmospheric Correction Parameter Calculator. Nasa Web Page, http://atmcorr.gsfc.nasa.gov/.
  • NASA. (2015). Landsat 8 (L8) Data Users Handbook.
  • Nichol, J. E. (1996). High-Resolution Surface Temperature Patterns Related to Urban Morphology in a Tropical City: A Satellite-Based Study. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 35(1), 135-146. doi:doi:10.1175/1520- 0450(1996)035<0135:HRSTPR>2.0.CO;2
  • Oka, M. (2011). The Influence of Urban Street Characteristics on Pedestrian Heat Comfort Levels in Philadelphia. Transactions in GIS, 15(1), 15p. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9671.2010.01245.x
  • Oke, T. R. (1981). Canyon geometry and the nocturnal urban heat island: Comparison of scale model and field observations. Journal of Climatology, 1(3), 237-254. doi:10.1002/joc.3370010304
  • Oke, T. R. (1982). The energetic basis of the urban heat island. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 108(455), 1-24. doi:10.1002/qj.49710845502
  • Oke, T. R. (2002). Boundary layer climates (Secon Edition ed.): Routledge.
  • Özdemir, H., Ünal, A., Kindap, T., Turuncoglu, U., Durmusoglu, Z., Khan, M., . . . Karaca, M. (2011). Quantification of the urban heat island under a changing climate over Anatolian Peninsula. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 1-8. doi:10.1007/s00704-011-0515-8
  • Peña, M. A. (2009). Examination of the Land Surface Temperature Response for Santiago, Chile. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 75(10), 1191-1200. doi:10.14358/PERS.75.10.1191
  • Rinner, C., & Hussain, M. (2011). Toronto’s Urban Heat Island—Exploring the Relationship between Land Use and Surface Temperature. Remote Sensing, 3(6), 1251.
  • Sandal, E. K., & Tıraş, M. (2012). Adana’da Ulaşım Problemlerinin Şehir Coğrafyası Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 17(18), 125-140.
  • Schlünzen, K. H., & Katzfey, J. J. (2003). Relevance of sub-grid-scale land-use effects for mesoscale models. Tellus A, 55(3), 232-246. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0870.2003.00017.x
  • Shan-You, Z., Qiu, Y., & Ding-Bo, K. (2006). Using characteristic spectral bands of OMIS1 imaging spectrometer to retrieve urban land surface temperature. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(8), 16p. doi:10.1080/01431160500462147
  • Shaopeng, H., Feng, C., Hong, Y., Cuiping, W., & Changbai, Z. (2012). The Impacts of Rapid Urbanization on the Thermal Environment: A Remote Sensing Study of Guangzhou, South China. Remote Sensing, 4(7), 24p. doi:10.3390/rs4072033
  • Solecki, W. D., Rosenzweig, C., Parshall, L., Pope, G., Clark, M., Cox, J., & Wiencke, M. (2005). Mitigation of the heat island effect in urban New Jersey. Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards, 6(1), 39-49. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hazards.2004.12.002
  • Sönmez, M. E. (2011). Adana Şehrinin Alansal Gelişimi ve Yakın Çevresinin Arazi Kullanımında Meydana Gelen Değişimler. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 57, 55-69.
  • Su, W., Gu, C., & Yang, G. (2010). Assessing the Impact of Land Use/Land Cover on Urban Heat Island Pattern in Nanjing City, China. Journal of Urban Planning & Development, 136(4), 8p. doi:10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000033
  • Taha, H., Akbari, H., Rosenfeld, A., & Huang, J. (1988). Residential cooling loads and the urban heat island—the effects of albedo. Building and Environment, 23(4), 271-283. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(88)90033-9
  • Taiyang, Z., Xuezhi, F., & Ke, W. (2009). Estimation of the relationship between vegetation patches and urban land surface temperature with remote sensing. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 30(8), 14p. doi:10.1080/01431160802549252
  • Tan, K. C., Lim, H. S., MatJafri, M. Z., & Abdullah, K. (2009). Landsat data to evaluate urban expansion and determine land use/land cover changes in Penang Island, Malaysia. Environmental Earth Sciences, 60(7), 1509-1521. doi:10.1007/s12665-009-0286-z
  • Tanrıkulu, M. (2006). İzmir’de Şehirleşmenin Sıcaklığa Etkisi. (Master), Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Tayanç, M., & Toros, H. (1997). Urbanization Effects On Regional Climate Change in The Case Of Four Large Cities Of Turkey. Climatic Change, 35(4), 501-524. doi:10.1023/a:1005357915441
  • Temuçin, E. (1995). Türkiye’de Kentleşmenin Sıcaklık Koşulları Üzerine Etkisi. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 8, 75-92.
  • Tomlinson, C. J., Chapman, L., Thornes, J. E., & Baker, C. J. (2011). Including the urban heat island in spatial heat health risk assessment strategies: a case study for Birmingham, UK. International Journal of Health Geographics, 10(1), 14p. doi:10.1186/1476-072x-10-42
  • Tsing-Chang, C., Shih-Yu, W., & Ming-Cheng, Y. (2007). Enhancement of Afternoon Thunderstorm Activity by Urbanization in a Valley: Taipei. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 46(9), 17p. doi:10.1175/jam2526.1
  • Tunay, M., & Ateşoğlu, A. (2008). Çok Zamanlı Uydu Görüntüleri ile Amasra ve Yakın Çevresine Ait Bitki Örtüsü Değişim Analizi. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergis, 10(13), 71-80.
  • Türkoğlu, N., & Çalışkan, O. (2011). Nevşehir ve Ürgüp’te Şehirleşmenin Biyoklimatik Koşullar Üzerine Etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 51(1), 45-63.
  • Unger, J., Savic, S., & Gal, T. (2011). Modelling of the Annual Mean Urban Heat Island Pattern for Planning of Representative Urban Climate Station Network. Advances in Meteorology, 2011, 9p. doi:10.1155/2011/398613
  • Xiaofeng, Z., Jucong, H., Hong, Y., Kai, W., & Quanyi, Q. (2010). Spatiotemporal changes of the urban heat island of a coastal city in the context of urbanisation. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 17(4), 6p. doi:10.1080/13504509.2010.490333
  • Xu, J., Tan, W., & Xu, L. (2007). The relationship between land surface temperature and NDVI with remote sensing: application to Shanghai Landsat 7 ETM+ data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28(15), 22p. doi:10.1080/01431160500306906
  • Xuefei, H., & Qihao, W. (2011). Impervious surface area extraction from IKONOS imagery using an object-based fuzzy method. Geocarto International, 26(1), 18p. doi:10.1080/10106049.2010.535616
  • Yılmaz, E. (2013). Ankara Şehrinde Isı Adası Oluşumu. (Doktora Tezi), Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Yüksel, Ü. (2005). Ankara Kentinde Kentsel Isı Adası Etkisinin Yaz Aylarında Uzaktan Algılama ve Meteorolojik Gözlemlere Dayalı Olarak Saptanması ve Değerlendirilmesi Üzerinde Bir Araştırma. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı Anabilim Dalı, Basılmamış Doktora Tezi.
  • Yüksel, Ü., & Kuntay, O. (2009). Effects of Urbanization on the Climate of Ankara. Paper presented at the Urban Research Symposium: Cities and Climate Change: Responding to an Urgent Agenda Marseille.
  • Zha, Y., Gao, J., & Ni, S. (2003). Use of normalized difference built-up index in automatically mapping urban areas from TM imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 24(3), 583-594. doi:10.1080/01431160304987
  • Zhang, D.-L., Shou, Y.-X., Dickerson, R. R., & Chen, F. (2011). Impact of Upstream Urbanization on the Urban Heat Island Effects along the Washington-Baltimore Corridor. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 50(10), 18p. doi:10.1175/jamc-d-10-05008.1
  • Zhong, T., Wang, K., & Cheng, Z. (2009). Scaling of impervious surface area and vegetation as indicators to urban land surface temperature using satellite data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 30(4), 19p. doi:10.1080/01431160802395219
There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA73SV48GH
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Erkan Yılmaz

Publication Date August 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yılmaz, E. (2015). Landsat görüntüleri ile Adana yüzey ısı adası. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 13(2), 115-138. https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000167

Cited By