AMERİKALI TÜRKLER

Year 2006, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 1 - 15, 01.08.2006

İlhan Kaya

https://doi.org/10.1501/Cogbil_0000000065

Abstract

Bu makalede, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun son zamanları ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihi boyunca Türklerin Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne olan göç eğilimleri incelenmektedir. Bunu yaparken de göç eden insanların sosyo-ekonomik arka-planları ve bu arka-planların ABD’deki yaşama uyum sağlama üzerindeki etkilerini irdelenmektetir. Ayrıca ABD’nin göçmen politikaları ve yasalarının, Türklerin göç hareketleri üzerindeki etkileri, diğer göçmen grupları ile paralelliklere/farklılıklara dikkat çekilerek açıklanmaktadır. Son olarak ta Türklerin ABD’deki dağılımı ve çok kültürlü/çok uluslu Amerikan toplumundaki sosyo-ekonomik durumu tartışılmaktadır

Keywords

Amerikalı Türkler, Göç, Uyum, Türkiye, ABD

Turkish Americans

Abstract

This article examines Turkish immigration waves to the United States, which began in the last years of the Ottoman Empire and continued throughout the republican era. This is done by exploring the backgrounds of the immigrants and by investigating the role of these backgrounds in the integration process. It also looks at the role of American immigration laws in Turkish immigration waves by comparing and contrasting Turkish immigration with immigration of other groups. Finally, the article lays out the distribution of Turkish Americans in the United States and investigates their socioeconomic status in the multicultural and multiethnic American society

Keywords

Turkish Americans, Immigration, Integration, Turkey, USA

References

• Anadolu Ajansı. (2003). Fifty Thousand Turkish Students Educated Abroad. Anadolu News Agency. Retrieved June 26, 2003, from the World Wide Web: http://www.turks.us/article.php?story=20030519170527753
• Ahmed, F. (1986). Turks in America: The Ottoman Turk's Immigrant Experience. Connecticut: Columbia International Press.
• Akinci, U. (2002). Germanification of Turkish-Americans. Retrieved September 28, 2003, from the World Wide Web: http://gencturkler2.8m.com/IMMIGRANTS/turkish_torque.html
• Altschiller, D. (1995). Turkish Americans. In V. Rudolph (Ed.), Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America (Vol. 2, pp. 1364-1373). Detroit: Gale Research.
• Appadurai, A. (1998). Modernity at Large : Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
• Appadurai, A. (2000). Globalization. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
• Bali, R. N. (2004). Anadolu'dan Yeni Dünya'ya: Amerika'ya Göç Eden Türklerin Yaşam Öyküleri.
• Barber, B. R. (1996). Jihad vs. McWorld (1st Ballantine Books ed.). New York: Ballantine Books.
• Barkey, H. J. (2000). State-Society Relations - The Struggles of a "Strong" State. Journal of International Affairs, 54(1), 20.
• Benmayor, R., & Skotnes, A. (1994). Migration and Identity. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.
• Bilge, B. (1996). Turkish-American Patterns of Intermarriage. In B. C. Aswad & B. Bilge (Eds.), Family and gender among American Muslims: issues facing Middle Eastern immigrants and their descendants (pp. 327). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
• Cornell, S. E., & Hartmann, D. (1998). Ethnicity and Race : Making Identities in a Changing World. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Pine Forge Press.
• Ergil, D. (2000). Indentity Crises and Political Instability in Turkey. Journal of International Affairs, 54, 43.
• EuroAmericans.net. (2003). Population of European-American and other ethnic groups in the United States.
• EuroAmericans.net. Retrieved November 13, 2003, from the World Wide Web: http://www.euroamericans.net/census2000.htm
• Ferris, M. (1995). Turks. In J. T. Kenneth (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of New York City. New York: Yale University Press.
• Giddens, A. (2000). Runaway World : How Globalisation is Reshaping Our Lives. New York: Routledge.
• Gordon, J. L. (1931). The Turkish American Controversy over Nationality. The Journal of International Law., 25, 658-669.
• Gregory, D. (1995). Imaginative Geographies. Progress in Human Geography, 19, 447-485.
• Guvenc, B. (1998). Secular Trends and Turkish Identity. Journal of International Affairs, II(4).
• Halman, T. (1980). Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. In S. Thernstrom (Ed.), Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups (pp. xxv, 1076). Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press.
• INS. (2001). Statistical Yearbook. The U.S Immigration and Naturaliz Service. Retrieved January 15, 2003, from the World Wide Web: http://www.ins,gov
• Jackson, P. (1994). Maps of Meaning : an Introduction to Cultural Geography. London ; New York: Routledge.
• Karpat, K. (1995). Turks in America. In T. D. Stephane (Ed.), Les Annales de L'Autre Islam (Vol. 3, pp. 231-252). Paris: Erism.
• Kaya, İ. (2003). Shifting Turkish American Identity Formations in the United States. Unpublished Dissertation, Florida State University, Tallahassee.
• Kaya, İ. (2004). Turkish American Immigration History and Identity Formations. the Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 24.
• Lewis, B. (1961). The Emergence of Modern Turkey. London, New York,: Oxford University Press. Palanithurai, G., & Thandavan, R. (1998). Ethnic Movement in Transition: Ideology and Culture in a Changing Society. New Delhi: Kanishka Publishers Distributors.
• Shanks, C. (2002). Immigration and the Politics of American Sovereignty, 1890-1990. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.