Case Report

An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure

Volume: 78 Number: 4 December 31, 2025
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An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure

Abstract

Pediatric flexible bronchoscopy (FB) continues to be widely used in the evaluation of airway and lung pathologies. Anesthetic management of flexible bronchoscopy is more complicated in neonates and infants than in adults. In this case, we aim to present an alternative method to facilitate the difficult bronchoscopy procedure in an infant. A 35-day-old infant with persistent atelectasis underwent a flexible bronchoscopy procedure for diagnosis and treatment. A three-way tap was used as an adapter between the airway and the suction cannula to prevent the rapid development of desaturation during the second bronchoscopy, after the first bronchoscopy procedure was interrupted due to the patient developing hypoxemia. The open direction of the three-way tap was switched to the direction of the aspiration cannula when aspiration was needed and ventilation was continued at all other times, reducing the time loss due to equipment change. The most common complication of bronchoscopy is hypoxemia, and patients under two years of age are particularly prone to hypoxemia. This is physiologically due to limited oxygen reserves and high oxygen consumption. Therefore, hypoxemia during pediatric bronchoscopy is a difficult complication to manage even for the most experienced anesthesiologist. An organized teamwork is important in the prevention of complications due to the selection of appropriate equipment and shared use of the airway. With this three-way tap, the time to desaturation in pediatric patients can be prolonged and time can be saved for successful completion of the bronchoscopy procedure. It is an alternative method in centers with limited equipment.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

None

Ethical Statement

Case report

Thanks

none

References

  1. Schramm D, Freitag N, Nicolai T, et al. Pediatric Airway Endoscopy: Recommendations of the Society for Pediatric Pneumology. Respir Int Rev Thorac Dis. 2021;100(11):1128-1145.
  2. Özaslan MM, Kartal Öztürk G, Barlik M, et al. Experience of flexible bronchoscopy in the pediatric pulmonary diseases clinic. Tuberk ve Toraks. 2024;72(1):82-90.
  3. Goudra B, Sundararaman L, Chandar P, Green M. Anesthesia for Bronchoscopy-An Update. J Clin Med. 2024;13(21):6471.
  4. Yavuz S, Sherif A, Saif S, et al. Indications, Efficacy, and Complications of Pediatric Bronchoscopy: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Center. Cureus. 2023;15(6):e40888.
  5. Hamouda S, Oueslati A, Belhadj I, Khalsi F, Tinsa F, Boussetta K. Flexible bronchoscopy contribution in the approach of diagnosis and treatment of children’s respiratory diseases: the experience of a unique pediatric unit in Tunisia. Afr Health Sci. 2016;16(1):51-60.
  6. Carlens J, Fuge J, Price T, et al. Complications and risk factors in pediatric bronchoscopy in a tertiary pediatric respiratory center. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2018;53(5):619-627.
  7. Ferraro VA, Baraldi E, Stabinger D, Zamunaro A, Zanconato S, Carraro S. Pediatric flexible bronchoscopy: A single-center report. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(8):2634-2641.
  8. Faro A, Wood RE, Schechter MS, et al. Official American Thoracic Society technical standards: flexible airway endoscopy in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;191(9):1066-1080.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Pediatric Surgery, Anaesthesiology, Health Management

Journal Section

Case Report

Publication Date

December 31, 2025

Submission Date

June 30, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 15, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 78 Number: 4

APA
Özdeş, O. O., Bilin, Ö. F., Altaş, A., & Begeç, Z. (2025). An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 78(4), 390-395. https://doi.org/10.65092/autfm.1731084
AMA
1.Özdeş OO, Bilin ÖF, Altaş A, Begeç Z. An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2025;78(4):390-395. doi:10.65092/autfm.1731084
Chicago
Özdeş, Oya Olcay, Ömer Faruk Bilin, Aytaç Altaş, and Zekine Begeç. 2025. “An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 78 (4): 390-95. https://doi.org/10.65092/autfm.1731084.
EndNote
Özdeş OO, Bilin ÖF, Altaş A, Begeç Z (December 1, 2025) An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 78 4 390–395.
IEEE
[1]O. O. Özdeş, Ö. F. Bilin, A. Altaş, and Z. Begeç, “An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure”, Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, vol. 78, no. 4, pp. 390–395, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.65092/autfm.1731084.
ISNAD
Özdeş, Oya Olcay - Bilin, Ömer Faruk - Altaş, Aytaç - Begeç, Zekine. “An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 78/4 (December 1, 2025): 390-395. https://doi.org/10.65092/autfm.1731084.
JAMA
1.Özdeş OO, Bilin ÖF, Altaş A, Begeç Z. An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2025;78:390–395.
MLA
Özdeş, Oya Olcay, et al. “An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, vol. 78, no. 4, Dec. 2025, pp. 390-5, doi:10.65092/autfm.1731084.
Vancouver
1.Oya Olcay Özdeş, Ömer Faruk Bilin, Aytaç Altaş, Zekine Begeç. An Alternative Method for Hypoxemia in Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy Procedure. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 2025 Dec. 1;78(4):390-5. doi:10.65092/autfm.1731084