Congenital Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Konjenital İnsan İmmunyetmezlik Virusu (HIV) Enfeksiyonu

Abstract

Keywords

• -

Konjenital İnsan İmmunyetmezlik Virusu (HIV) Enfeksiyonu

Abstract

Gelişen dünyada, antiretroviral terapi'nin (ART) anneye hamilelik süresince ve intrapartum dönemde; yenidoğan bebeğe ise neonatal dönemde uygulanması anneden bebeğe HIV geçiş riskinin yaklaşık % 8'lere kadar düşmesine neden olmuştur. ART ile birlikte sezeryan doğumun tercih edilmesi ve doğumda membran rüptür süresinin kısaltılması gibi bazı uygulamalarla bu risk % 2'lerin altına kadar gerilemiştir. Çocuk hekimleri doğumdan önce HIV enfeksiyonu teşhisi konulmamış annelerin HIV'ne maruz kalmış bebeklerini teşhis ederek, bu bebeklere HIV enfeksiyonu riskini azaltmak için ART profilaksisi uygulayarak ve anne sütü ile HIV geçişinin önlenmesi için anne sütü ile beslenmemelerini sağlamak yolu ile anneden bebeğe HIV virusu geçişinin önlenmesinde anahtar bir rolü üstlenirler. Ek olarak, çocuk hekimleri HIV'ne maruz kalmış bu bebeklerin ilerde oluşabilecek HIV enfeksiyonu açısından erken tanımaya yönelik yakın takiplerini yaparak, ART tedavisi uygulanan çocukların uzun ve kısa dönemde oluşabilecek yan etkiler açısından izlenmesini sağlayarak, gereken durumlarda Pneumocystis pnömonisi için profilaksi uygulayarak ve çocuğun ailesine veya bakımını üstlenen kişilere onların HIV enfeksiyonu ile yaşamaları için danışım temin ederek HIV'ne maruz kalmış bu infantların bakımını sağlayabilirler.

Keywords

• İnsan immunyetmezlik virusu, konjenital enfeksiyon, tanı, tedavi, izlem

References

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118. Ziegler JB, Cooper DA, Johnson RO, et al. Postnatal transmission of AIDS-as- sociated retrovirus from mother to in- fant. Lancet 1985;1:896-8.
119. Recommendations for assisting in the prevention of perinatal transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1985;34:721-6, 731-2.
120. Datta P, Embree JE, Kreiss JK, et al. Mot- her-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: report from the Nairobi Study. J Infect Dis 1994;170:1134-40.
121. Mastroiacovo P, Mazzone T, Botto LD, et al. Prospective assessment of preg- nancy outcomes after first-trimester exposure to fluconazole. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;175:1645-50.
122. The mode of delivery and the risk of vertical transmission of human immu- nodeficiency virus type 1--a meta- analysis of 15 prospective cohort stu- dies. The International Perinatal HIV Group. N Engl J Med 1999;340:977- 87.
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