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The Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus: Hormonal and Metabolic Mechanisms

Year 1950, Volume: 4 Issue: 1-2, 287 - 302, 31.12.1950

Selahattin Akkaynak

Abstract

This study examines the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus from the perspective of hormonal and metabolic factors. It highlights that diabetes can result not only from insulin deficiency but also from the hyperfunction of insulin-antagonistic hormones such as those secreted by the pituitary and adrenal glands. Excessive secretion of pituitary hormones can cause irreversible damage to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas, leading to permanent diabetes. Additionally, the role of metabolic factors like obesity and polyphagia in the development of diabetes is emphasized. Drawing on findings from animal experiments and clinical observations, the study discusses the importance of early treatment and the critical role of blood sugar control in managing diabetes.

References

  • 1. **Hausberger, F. X.** (1949). Die Pathogenese des Diabetes mellitus. *Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift, 79*, 267.
  • 2. **White, P.** (1935). *Diabetes in Childhood*. Philadelphia: Wagner.
  • 3. **White, P., Wagner, R., & Bogan, I. K.** (1942). Amer. J. Dis. Childr., 63, 667.
  • 4. **Jackson, R. L., & Kelly, H. G.** (1949). J. Pediatr., 29, 316.
  • 5. **Chesler, A., & Tislowitz, R.** (1945). Science, 101, 468.
  • 6. **Young, F. G.** (1942). J. Phisiol., 100, 19.
  • 7. **Young, F. G.** (1941). Brit. mde. J., 1941/11, 897.
  • 8. **Young, F. G.** (1944). Brit. mde. J., 1944/II, 715.
  • 9. **Harned, B. K., & Cole, V. V.** (1939). Endocrinology, 25, 689.
  • 10. **Marbgle, H., Fernald, G. W., & Smith, R. M.** (1940). Endocrinology, 26, 735.
  • 11. **Rhuston, C. C.** (1940). Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin., 15, 417.
  • 12. **Felder, D. A.** (1946). J. Clin. Endocrinology, 6, 339.
  • 13. **Anselmino, K. J., & Hoffmann, F.** (1934). Klin. Wschr., 1934, 1048-1052.
  • 14. **Talbot, N. B., Albright, F., & Mit-arb.** (1947). J. clin. Endocrinol., 7, 331.
  • 15. **Venning, E. H., & Browne, J. S. L.** (1947). J. clin. Endocrinol., 7, 79.
  • 16. **Bürger, M., & Kohl, H.** (1930). Arch. Exp. Path., 174, 130.
  • 17. **Bürger, M.** (1947). Z. ges. inn. Med., 2, 311.
  • 18. **Root, H. F., Irvine, J. W., Evans, R. D., Reiner, L., & Charpentier, J.** (1944). J. amer. med. Assoc., 144, 84.
  • 19. **Woodyatt, R. T., & Spetz, M.** (1942). J. amer. med. Assoc., 120, 602.
  • 20. **Young, F. G.** (1938). Biochem. J., 32, 513.
  • 21. **Ogilvie, R. F.** (1945). J. Path. Bacter., 56, 225.
  • 22. **Ogilvie, R. F.** (1945). J. endocriol., 4, 152.
  • 23. **Long, C. N. H.** (1937). Harvey Lact., 32, 194.
  • 24. **Houssay, B. A., Foglia, V. G., & Martinz, C.** (1946). Endocrinology, 39, 361.
  • 25. **Houssay, B. A., Foglia, V. G., Smyth, F. S., Rietti, C. T., & Houssay, A. B.** (1941). Rev. Soc. argent. Biol., 17, 301.
  • 26. **Houssay, B. A., Foglia, V. G., & Smyth, F. S.** (1942). J. Exp. Med., 75, 547.
  • 27. **Thomson, D. L.** (1941). Physiol. Rev., 21, 588.
  • 28. **Lukens, F. D. W., & Dohan, F. C.** (1942). Endocrinology, 30, 175.
  • 29. **Haist, R. E.** (1944). Physiol. Rev., 24, 408.
  • 30. **Allen, F. M.** (1922). J. metabol. Res., 1, 5.
  • 31. **Allen, F. M.** (1923). J. metabol. Res., 3, 623.
  • 32. **Haist, R. E., Campel, J., & Best, C. H.** (1940). New. Engld. j. med., 223, 607.
  • 33. **Porto, A.** (1941). Rev. Soc. argent. Biol., 17, 351.
  • 34. **Houssay, B. A.** (1944). Endocrinology, 35, 158.
  • 35. **Houssay, B. A.** (1936). New Engld j. Med., 214, 911, 971.
  • 36. **Lukens, F. D. W., Dohan, F. C., & Wolcott, M. W.** (1943). New Engld j. Med., 32, 475.
  • 37. **Anderson, E., & Long, J. A.** (1947). New Engld j. Med., 40, 98.
  • 38. **Lukens, F. D. W., & Dohan, F. C.** (1947). Science, 105, 183.
  • 39. **Lukens, F. D. W., & Dohan, F. C.** (1944). Pennsylv. med. J., 48, 24.
  • 40. **Brush, J. S.** (1944). Amer. J. Dis. Childr., 67, 429.
  • 41. **Brooks, C. M., & Mitarb.** (1946). Amer. J. Physiol., 147, 695, 708, 717, 727, 735.
  • 42. **Ranson, S. W., Fisher, C., & Ingram, W. R.** (1938). Endocrinology, 23, 175.
  • 43. **Brobeck, J. R., Tepperman, J., & Long, C. N. H.** (1943). Yale J. Biol. a. Med., 15, 893.
  • 44. **Lukens, F. D. W.** (1947). Med. Clin. N. Amer., 1947, 387.
  • 45. **Newburgh, L. H.** (1942). Ann. Int. Med., 17, 935.
  • 46. **Newburgh, L. H., Conn, J. W., Johnston, M. W., & Conn, E. S.** (1938). Trans. Assoc. amer. Physiol., 53, 245.
  • 47. **Appel, K. E., & Hughes, J. P.** (1940). Amer. J. med. Sci., 199, 829.
  • 48. **Houssay, B. A., Foglia, V. G., & Smyth, F. S.** (1941). J. exp. Med., 74, 283.
  • 49. **Missky, I. A., Nelson, N., Elgart, S., & Graysman, I.** (1942). Science, 95, 583.
  • 50. **Bantign, E., Franks, M. C., & Gairns, S.** (1938). Amer J. Psychiatr., 95, 562.
  • 51. **Hausberger, F. X.** (1949). Klin. Wschr., 1949, 100.
  • 52. **Gomori, G., & Goldner, M. G.** (1945). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. a. Med., 58, 232.
  • 53. **Kennedy, G. C., & Lukens, F. D. W.** (1944). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. a. Med., 57, 143.
  • 54. **Ruben, S., & Jardumian, R. S.** (1946). Science, 103, 220.
  • 55. **Bailey, C. C., & Leeck, J. D.** (1945). Bull. New England. Center, 7, 59.
  • 56. **Goldner, M. G., & Gomori, G.** (1944). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. a. med., 55, 73.
  • 57. **Archibald, R. M.** (1947). J. biol. Chemi., 158, 347.
  • 58. **Hughes, J. P., Waren, S., & Young, F. G.** (1944). Lancet, 246, 148.
  • 59. **Tipson, R. S., & Rubens, R.** (1945). Arch. Biochem., 8, 1.
  • 60. **De Duve, C., Hers, H. G., & Bouckaert, J. P.** (1946). Arch. Internat. Pharmacodynam., 72, 45.
  • 61. **Ohlsen, A. S., & Klein, J. R.** (1946). Federat. Proc., 6, 282.
  • 62. **Sutherland, E. W., & Cori, C. F.** (1948). J. Biol. Chem. (Am), 172, 737.
  • 63. **Bouckaert, J. P., & de Duve, C.** (1947). Physiol. Rev. (Am), 27, 39.
  • 64. **Zimmermann, B., & Donovan, T. J.** (1948). Amer. J. Physiol., 153, 197.
  • 65. **Heard, R. D. H., Lozinki, E., Staart, C. H., & Stewart, R. D.** (1948). J. biol. Chem (Am), 172, 857.
  • 66. **Sutherland, E. W., & de Duve, C.** (1948). J. biol. Chem (Am), 175, 663.
  • 67. **Sutherland, E. W., Cori, C. F., Haynes, R., & Ohlsen, A. S.** (1949). J. biol. Chem. (Am), 180, 825.
  • 68. **Tehver, J.** (1930). Z. mikrosk. anat. Forsch., 21, 462.

Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar

Year 1950, Volume: 4 Issue: 1-2, 287 - 302, 31.12.1950

Selahattin Akkaynak

Abstract

Bu çalışma, şekerli diyabetin (Diabetes mellitus) patogenezini hormonal ve metabolik faktörler açısından incelemektedir. Diyabetin yalnızca insülin eksikliğinden değil, aynı zamanda hipofiz ve sürrenal gibi insülin antagonisti hormonların hiperfonksiyonundan da kaynaklanabileceği vurgulanmaktadır. Hipofiz hormonlarının aşırı salgılanması, pankreasın insülin üreten beta hücrelerinde geri dönüşümsüz hasara yol açabilir ve bu durum diyabetin kalıcı hale gelmesine neden olabilir. Ayrıca, şişmanlık ve polifaji gibi metabolik faktörlerin diyabet gelişimindeki rolüne dikkat çekilmektedir. Çalışmada, hayvan deneyleri ve klinik gözlemlerden elde edilen bulgular ışığında, diyabetin erken dönemde tedavisinin önemi ve kan şekeri kontrolünün kritik rolü tartışılmaktadır.

Keywords

diyabet patojen hormon

References

  • 1. **Hausberger, F. X.** (1949). Die Pathogenese des Diabetes mellitus. *Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift, 79*, 267.
  • 2. **White, P.** (1935). *Diabetes in Childhood*. Philadelphia: Wagner.
  • 3. **White, P., Wagner, R., & Bogan, I. K.** (1942). Amer. J. Dis. Childr., 63, 667.
  • 4. **Jackson, R. L., & Kelly, H. G.** (1949). J. Pediatr., 29, 316.
  • 5. **Chesler, A., & Tislowitz, R.** (1945). Science, 101, 468.
  • 6. **Young, F. G.** (1942). J. Phisiol., 100, 19.
  • 7. **Young, F. G.** (1941). Brit. mde. J., 1941/11, 897.
  • 8. **Young, F. G.** (1944). Brit. mde. J., 1944/II, 715.
  • 9. **Harned, B. K., & Cole, V. V.** (1939). Endocrinology, 25, 689.
  • 10. **Marbgle, H., Fernald, G. W., & Smith, R. M.** (1940). Endocrinology, 26, 735.
  • 11. **Rhuston, C. C.** (1940). Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin., 15, 417.
  • 12. **Felder, D. A.** (1946). J. Clin. Endocrinology, 6, 339.
  • 13. **Anselmino, K. J., & Hoffmann, F.** (1934). Klin. Wschr., 1934, 1048-1052.
  • 14. **Talbot, N. B., Albright, F., & Mit-arb.** (1947). J. clin. Endocrinol., 7, 331.
  • 15. **Venning, E. H., & Browne, J. S. L.** (1947). J. clin. Endocrinol., 7, 79.
  • 16. **Bürger, M., & Kohl, H.** (1930). Arch. Exp. Path., 174, 130.
  • 17. **Bürger, M.** (1947). Z. ges. inn. Med., 2, 311.
  • 18. **Root, H. F., Irvine, J. W., Evans, R. D., Reiner, L., & Charpentier, J.** (1944). J. amer. med. Assoc., 144, 84.
  • 19. **Woodyatt, R. T., & Spetz, M.** (1942). J. amer. med. Assoc., 120, 602.
  • 20. **Young, F. G.** (1938). Biochem. J., 32, 513.
  • 21. **Ogilvie, R. F.** (1945). J. Path. Bacter., 56, 225.
  • 22. **Ogilvie, R. F.** (1945). J. endocriol., 4, 152.
  • 23. **Long, C. N. H.** (1937). Harvey Lact., 32, 194.
  • 24. **Houssay, B. A., Foglia, V. G., & Martinz, C.** (1946). Endocrinology, 39, 361.
  • 25. **Houssay, B. A., Foglia, V. G., Smyth, F. S., Rietti, C. T., & Houssay, A. B.** (1941). Rev. Soc. argent. Biol., 17, 301.
  • 26. **Houssay, B. A., Foglia, V. G., & Smyth, F. S.** (1942). J. Exp. Med., 75, 547.
  • 27. **Thomson, D. L.** (1941). Physiol. Rev., 21, 588.
  • 28. **Lukens, F. D. W., & Dohan, F. C.** (1942). Endocrinology, 30, 175.
  • 29. **Haist, R. E.** (1944). Physiol. Rev., 24, 408.
  • 30. **Allen, F. M.** (1922). J. metabol. Res., 1, 5.
  • 31. **Allen, F. M.** (1923). J. metabol. Res., 3, 623.
  • 32. **Haist, R. E., Campel, J., & Best, C. H.** (1940). New. Engld. j. med., 223, 607.
  • 33. **Porto, A.** (1941). Rev. Soc. argent. Biol., 17, 351.
  • 34. **Houssay, B. A.** (1944). Endocrinology, 35, 158.
  • 35. **Houssay, B. A.** (1936). New Engld j. Med., 214, 911, 971.
  • 36. **Lukens, F. D. W., Dohan, F. C., & Wolcott, M. W.** (1943). New Engld j. Med., 32, 475.
  • 37. **Anderson, E., & Long, J. A.** (1947). New Engld j. Med., 40, 98.
  • 38. **Lukens, F. D. W., & Dohan, F. C.** (1947). Science, 105, 183.
  • 39. **Lukens, F. D. W., & Dohan, F. C.** (1944). Pennsylv. med. J., 48, 24.
  • 40. **Brush, J. S.** (1944). Amer. J. Dis. Childr., 67, 429.
  • 41. **Brooks, C. M., & Mitarb.** (1946). Amer. J. Physiol., 147, 695, 708, 717, 727, 735.
  • 42. **Ranson, S. W., Fisher, C., & Ingram, W. R.** (1938). Endocrinology, 23, 175.
  • 43. **Brobeck, J. R., Tepperman, J., & Long, C. N. H.** (1943). Yale J. Biol. a. Med., 15, 893.
  • 44. **Lukens, F. D. W.** (1947). Med. Clin. N. Amer., 1947, 387.
  • 45. **Newburgh, L. H.** (1942). Ann. Int. Med., 17, 935.
  • 46. **Newburgh, L. H., Conn, J. W., Johnston, M. W., & Conn, E. S.** (1938). Trans. Assoc. amer. Physiol., 53, 245.
  • 47. **Appel, K. E., & Hughes, J. P.** (1940). Amer. J. med. Sci., 199, 829.
  • 48. **Houssay, B. A., Foglia, V. G., & Smyth, F. S.** (1941). J. exp. Med., 74, 283.
  • 49. **Missky, I. A., Nelson, N., Elgart, S., & Graysman, I.** (1942). Science, 95, 583.
  • 50. **Bantign, E., Franks, M. C., & Gairns, S.** (1938). Amer J. Psychiatr., 95, 562.
  • 51. **Hausberger, F. X.** (1949). Klin. Wschr., 1949, 100.
  • 52. **Gomori, G., & Goldner, M. G.** (1945). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. a. Med., 58, 232.
  • 53. **Kennedy, G. C., & Lukens, F. D. W.** (1944). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. a. Med., 57, 143.
  • 54. **Ruben, S., & Jardumian, R. S.** (1946). Science, 103, 220.
  • 55. **Bailey, C. C., & Leeck, J. D.** (1945). Bull. New England. Center, 7, 59.
  • 56. **Goldner, M. G., & Gomori, G.** (1944). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. a. med., 55, 73.
  • 57. **Archibald, R. M.** (1947). J. biol. Chemi., 158, 347.
  • 58. **Hughes, J. P., Waren, S., & Young, F. G.** (1944). Lancet, 246, 148.
  • 59. **Tipson, R. S., & Rubens, R.** (1945). Arch. Biochem., 8, 1.
  • 60. **De Duve, C., Hers, H. G., & Bouckaert, J. P.** (1946). Arch. Internat. Pharmacodynam., 72, 45.
  • 61. **Ohlsen, A. S., & Klein, J. R.** (1946). Federat. Proc., 6, 282.
  • 62. **Sutherland, E. W., & Cori, C. F.** (1948). J. Biol. Chem. (Am), 172, 737.
  • 63. **Bouckaert, J. P., & de Duve, C.** (1947). Physiol. Rev. (Am), 27, 39.
  • 64. **Zimmermann, B., & Donovan, T. J.** (1948). Amer. J. Physiol., 153, 197.
  • 65. **Heard, R. D. H., Lozinki, E., Staart, C. H., & Stewart, R. D.** (1948). J. biol. Chem (Am), 172, 857.
  • 66. **Sutherland, E. W., & de Duve, C.** (1948). J. biol. Chem (Am), 175, 663.
  • 67. **Sutherland, E. W., Cori, C. F., Haynes, R., & Ohlsen, A. S.** (1949). J. biol. Chem. (Am), 180, 825.
  • 68. **Tehver, J.** (1930). Z. mikrosk. anat. Forsch., 21, 462.
There are 68 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Selahattin Akkaynak This is me

Publication Date December 31, 1950
Published in Issue Year 1950 Volume: 4 Issue: 1-2

Cite

APA Akkaynak, S. (1950). Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 4(1-2), 287-302.
AMA Akkaynak S. Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. December 1950;4(1-2):287-302.
Chicago Akkaynak, Selahattin. “Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal Ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 4, no. 1-2 (December 1950): 287-302.
EndNote Akkaynak S (December 1, 1950) Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 4 1-2 287–302.
IEEE S. Akkaynak, “Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar”, Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, vol. 4, no. 1-2, pp. 287–302, 1950.
ISNAD Akkaynak, Selahattin. “Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal Ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası 4/1-2 (December1950), 287-302.
JAMA Akkaynak S. Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 1950;4:287–302.
MLA Akkaynak, Selahattin. “Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal Ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar”. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, vol. 4, no. 1-2, 1950, pp. 287-02.
Vancouver Akkaynak S. Şekerli Diyabetin Patojenisi: Hormonal ve Metabolik Mekanizmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası. 1950;4(1-2):287-302.