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Haset ve Psikopatoloji İlişkisinin Film Örnekleriyle EleAlınması

Year 2014, , 55 - 63, 01.06.2014
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470575

Abstract

“Haset” bireyin kendisinde olmayan ve bir başka kişinin sahip olduğu bir özelliği arzulaması ve malum kişinin bu özellikten yoksun olmasını dilemesi olarak tanımlanır (Parrot & Smith, 1993). Melanie Klien (1957), anne göğsünün hasedin asıl ilgi odağı ve başlangıç noktası olduğunu ileri sürer; zira meme bazen paylaşılan ancak çoğu zaman geri çekilen bir nesne olmakla birlikte bebeğin kendine ait veya kontrolü altında değildir. Anne ismindeki sahibin dilerse bu süt ve sevgi kaynağını kendine saklayabileceğini fark eden bebek, kendisini besleyen bu nesneye sadistçe saldırıp, bilinçdışı fantezisinde onu tahrip etme, çürütme ve hatta yok etme arzusu duyabilir. Ağıt (Elegy) filminde Kepesh’in Consuela’ya karşı hissettiği düşünülen hasedin de aynı yolla çözümlenmeye çalışılmış olması Klein’ın teorisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlayacaktır. Diğer taraftan, Ninivaggi’nin haset teorisine göre, haset zihnin katmanları olan id-ego-süperego üçlüsü arasında ortaya çıkan bir duygudur ve egonun id’e karşı duyduğu ilkel haset, tüm hasetlerin indirgenemez temelidir (2010). Ninivaggi (2010) insanın iç dünyasının haset yüzünden, kaos ve bütünleşememişlik yeri olduğunu ileri sürer ki bu kaos ve bütünleşememişlik hali de psikopatolojinin oluşumunda önemli etmenlerdendir. Amadeus filminde Salieri’nin Mozart’a duyduğu haset ve kendi iç dünyasında yarattığı tahribat Ninivaggi’nin haset teorisine göre yorumlanacaktır. Haset psikoterapi seanslarında terapötik ilişki içerisinde de ortaya çıkabilecek bir duygu olup, bu makalede hastanın terapiste duyduğu hasedin anlamı ve ele alınma stratejileri ile ilgili de bilgi verilmiştir.

References

  • Ashwin, M. Cronos and his children envy and reparation: Chapter 4: Envy in Psychotherapy Sessions. Retrieved 5 October 2012 from: http://www.psychoanalysis-and-therapy.com/human_nature/ashwin/index.html
  • Bella Habib (2012). Freud ve kadınlık. Libido Psikanaliz Dergisi. 8, 17-20.
  • Cündioğlu, D. (2010). Salieri, bir kifayetsiz muhteris. Retrieved 5 October 2012 from: http://ducanecundioglusimurggrubu.blogspot.com/2012/07/normal-0-false-false-false-en-us-ja-x_2 html
  • Erten, Y. (2010). Karanlık Odadaki Suretler. Yayınevi: Goa: İstanbul.
  • Freud, S. (1955). The Interpretation of Dreams. (J. Strachey, Trans.) New York: Basic
  • Books, Inc. (Original work published 1899).
  • Klein M. (1957). Envy and Gratitude. In: Hiles D. (2007) Envy, jealousy, greed: A Kleinian
  • Approach. Paper Presented in Centre for Counselling and Psychotherapy Education, London. Mackquisten A.S. & Pickford R. W. (1942). Psychological aspects of the fantasy of snow white and the seven dwarfs. Psychoanalytic Review, 29, 233-252.
  • Ninivaggi, F. J. (2010). Envy theory. Perspectives on the Psychology of Envy. Lanham, MD: Roman & Littlefield.
  • Okholm, D. (2008). Envy: The silent killer. In The American Benedictine Review. 59(2).
  • Parrot, W. G., & Smith, R. H. (1993). Distinguishing the experiences of envy and jealousy.
  • Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 64, 906-20. Power, M. J. & Dalgleish, T. (2008). Cognition and Emotion: From Order to
  • Disorder (2nd ed.). Hove: Erlbaum. Scott, W. C. M. (1975). Remembering sleep and dreams. International Review of Psycho- Analysis, 2, 253-354.
  • Spielman, P. M. (1971). Envy and jealousy. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 40, 59-82.

Understanding Envy and Psychopathology Relationship through Film Examples

Year 2014, , 55 - 63, 01.06.2014
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470575

Abstract

Envy is defined as an emotion that occurs when a person lacks what another has and either desires it or wishes that the other did not have it (Parrot & Smith, 1993). Meanie Klein (1957) asserts that the “mother breast” should be the main interest and the starting point of the envy due to the fact it is an object which is sometimes shared, most of the time withheld from the baby; in addition, it is not his and also not under his own control. When the baby realizes that it has a possessor called mother who may withhold this resource of milk and love and keep it to herself if she wants; he, in his unconscious fantasy, may assault this feeding object sadistically and desire to destroy, spoil and even exterminate it. In the film named as Elegy, Klein’s theory will be better understood because the envy felt by Kepesh toward Consuela is endeavored to be resolved in the same manner. On the other side, according to Ninivaggi’s envy theory, envy is an emotion that occurs between the layers of mind which are known as id-ego-superego; and “the primordial envy of ego toward id is the irreducible bedrock of all primary envy” (2010). Ninivaggi (2010) claims that “inner world is the field on which the chaos and disintegration caused by envy” and this chaos and disintegration are important factors in the generation of psychopathology. In the film named as Amadeus, Salieri’s envy toward Mozart and devastation that he caused in his own inner world will be interpreted according to Ninivaggi’s envy theory. Envy is an emotion which may occur in the therapeutic relationship of psychotherapy sessions; therefore, the current paper will integrate the meaning of patient’s envy toward the therapist and its examination strategies.

References

  • Ashwin, M. Cronos and his children envy and reparation: Chapter 4: Envy in Psychotherapy Sessions. Retrieved 5 October 2012 from: http://www.psychoanalysis-and-therapy.com/human_nature/ashwin/index.html
  • Bella Habib (2012). Freud ve kadınlık. Libido Psikanaliz Dergisi. 8, 17-20.
  • Cündioğlu, D. (2010). Salieri, bir kifayetsiz muhteris. Retrieved 5 October 2012 from: http://ducanecundioglusimurggrubu.blogspot.com/2012/07/normal-0-false-false-false-en-us-ja-x_2 html
  • Erten, Y. (2010). Karanlık Odadaki Suretler. Yayınevi: Goa: İstanbul.
  • Freud, S. (1955). The Interpretation of Dreams. (J. Strachey, Trans.) New York: Basic
  • Books, Inc. (Original work published 1899).
  • Klein M. (1957). Envy and Gratitude. In: Hiles D. (2007) Envy, jealousy, greed: A Kleinian
  • Approach. Paper Presented in Centre for Counselling and Psychotherapy Education, London. Mackquisten A.S. & Pickford R. W. (1942). Psychological aspects of the fantasy of snow white and the seven dwarfs. Psychoanalytic Review, 29, 233-252.
  • Ninivaggi, F. J. (2010). Envy theory. Perspectives on the Psychology of Envy. Lanham, MD: Roman & Littlefield.
  • Okholm, D. (2008). Envy: The silent killer. In The American Benedictine Review. 59(2).
  • Parrot, W. G., & Smith, R. H. (1993). Distinguishing the experiences of envy and jealousy.
  • Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 64, 906-20. Power, M. J. & Dalgleish, T. (2008). Cognition and Emotion: From Order to
  • Disorder (2nd ed.). Hove: Erlbaum. Scott, W. C. M. (1975). Remembering sleep and dreams. International Review of Psycho- Analysis, 2, 253-354.
  • Spielman, P. M. (1971). Envy and jealousy. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 40, 59-82.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Other ID JA47AY38ET
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Fazilet Canbolat

Publication Date June 1, 2014
Submission Date March 7, 2014
Acceptance Date April 14, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014

Cite

APA Canbolat, F. (2014). Haset ve Psikopatoloji İlişkisinin Film Örnekleriyle EleAlınması. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 1(2), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470575