Çocuk İstismarı / İhmali ve Depresif Semptomatoloji: Erken Dönem Uyumsuz Şemaların Aracı Rolü

Year 2019, , 227 - 243, 01.10.2019

Elif Ünal , Tülin Gençöz

https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.562941

Abstract

Son dönemlerde, çocuk istismarı / ihmalinin erişkinlik döneminde psikopatolojinin
gelişimini nasıl öngördüğünü anlamaya yönelik çalışmaların sayısında artış
bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmalar daha çok bu ilişkide etkili olan mekanizmalarının
saptanması ve değerlendirmesi üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Bu bakımdan, şema terapi,
erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar aracılığıyla yetişkin dönem psikopatolojisi ve çocukluk
istismarı ve ihmalin arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamaktadır. Mevcut çalışmada, üniversite
öğrencileri örnekleminde çocuk istismarı / ihmali ve depresif semptomatoloji ilişkisi
arasındaki beş farklı şema alanının aracı rolleri araştırılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın
örneklemini, yaşları 18 ile 32 arasında değişen 414 üniversite öğrencisinden [312 (%
75,4) kadın, 102 (% 24,6) erkek] ve [322 (% 75,4) kadın] oluşmaktadır. Beş şema alanı
için yürütülen Paralel Çoklu Aracı Değişken Analizi sonuçlarına göre, tüm şema
alanları arasında yalnızca zedelenmiş otonomi/ performans şema alanının, çocuk
istismarı / ihmali ve depresif semptomatoloji arasındaki ilişkiye aracılık ettiğini
görülmektedir. Diğer bir deyişle, çocukluk çağında karşılaşılan istismar ve ihmal
düzeylerinin yüksek olduğunu bildiren bireylerin, zedelenmiş otonomi / performans
şema alanından uyumsuz şemalar geliştirme eğiliminde oldukları ve bunun sonucu
olarak da depresif belirtiler açısından yüksek risk altında bulundukları söylenebilir.
Araştırma sonuçları alan yazın ışığında tartışılmıştır. 

Keywords

erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar, depresif semptomatoloji, depresyon, çocuk istismarı/ihmali

Child Abuse/Neglect and Depressive Symptomatology: The Mediating Roles of Early Maladaptive Schemas

Abstract

Recently, there has been a growing interest in identifying the mechanisms of how child
abuse/neglect predicts the development of psychopathology in adulthood. In that
respect, schema therapy explains the origin of psychopathology with early maladaptive
schemas. This study aimed to explore the mediator roles of five different schema
domains between child abuse/neglect and depressive symptomatology relationship in
a university student sample. The sample of this study consisted of 414 undergraduate
and graduate students from the various universities of Turkey [312 (75.4%) female, and
102 (24.6%) male], whose ages ranged between 18 and 32 (M = 21.69, SD = 2.08).
Parallel Multiple Mediation Analysis for five schema domains showed that among all
schema domains only impaired autonomy/performance schema domain-mediated the
relationship between child abuse/neglect and depressive symptomatology. Individuals
who reported higher levels of childhood abuse and neglect tended to develop more
maladaptive schemas from impaired autonomy/performance schema domain, and as a
consequence, were at increased risk for depressive symptoms. Results were discussed
in light of the relavant literature.

Keywords

: early maladaptive schemas, depressive symptomatology, depression, child abuse/neglect

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