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Psikoterapi Süpervizyonunda Paralel Süreç:Bir Vaka Çalışması

Year 2015, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 39 - 50, 01.06.2015
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470667

Abstract

Paralel süreç kavramı, psikoterapi süpervizyonu sürecinde, hem terapi hem de süpervizyon ikililerindeki ilişkisel örüntülerin bilinçdışı bir şekilde tekrarlanmasına denmektedir. Birçok terapist ve süpervizör paralel süreci süpervizyonda önemli bir araç ve değerli bir iletişim biçimi olarak görmektedir. Paralel süreç kavramı alanda dikkat çeken bir konu olmasına rağmen, görgül bir şekilde yeterli olarak desteklenmemiştir. Bu makale paralel süreç kavramı üzerine bir literatür derlemesi ve örnek olarak bir vaka sunumu içermektedir.

References

  • Berne, E. (1964). Games People Play. New York: Grove.
  • Carroll, M. (1996). Counseling Supervision Theory, Skills and Practice. London: Cassell.
  • Doehrman, M. J. G. (1976). Parallel Processes in Supervision and Psychotherapy. Bulletin of the Mellinger Clinic, 40, 3-104.
  • Ekstein, R., ve Wallerstein, R. S. (1958). The Teaching and Learning of Psychotherapy. New York: International Press.
  • Feltham, C., ve Dryden, W. (1994). Developing Counselor Supervision. London: Sage.
  • Grey, A., ve Fiscalini, J. (1987). Parallel Process as Transference-Countertransference Interaction. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 4(2), 131-144.
  • Grinberg, L. (1979). Countertransference and Projective Counteridentification. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 15, 226-247.
  • McNeill, B. W., ve Worthen, V. (1989). The Parallel Process in Psychotherapy Supervision. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 20(5), 329-333.
  • Meerloo, J. A. M. (1952). Some Psychological Processes in Supervision of Therapists. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 6, 467-470.
  • Morissey, J., ve Tribe, R. (2001). Parallel Process in Supervision. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 14(2), 103-110, doi: 10.1080/09515070110058567
  • Mothersole, G. (1998). Levels of Attention in Clinical Supervision. Transactional Analysis Journal, 28(4), 285-296.
  • Mothersole, G. (1999). Parallel Process. The Clinical Supervisor, 18(2), 107-121. doi: 10.1300/J001v18n02_08.
  • Lesser, R. M. (1983). Supervision: Illusions, Anxieties, and Questions. Comtemporary Psychoanalysis, 18, 1-19.
  • Raichelson, S. H., Herron, W. G., Primevera, L. H., ve Ramirez, S. M. (1997). Incidence and Effects of Parallel Process in Psychotherapy Supervision. The Clinical Supervisor, 15(2), 37-48, doi: 10.1300/J001v15n02_03
  • Sachs, D. M., ve Shapiro, S. H. (1976). On Parallel Processes in Therapy and Teaching. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 45, 394-415.
  • Searles, H. F. (1955). The Informational Value of Supervisor’s Emotional Experiences. Psychiatry, 18, 135-146.
  • Sumeral, M. B. (1994). Parallel Process in Supervision. Eric Digest, 94(15).
  • Tracey, T. J. G., Bludworth, J.,ve Glidden-Tracey, C. E. (2012). Are There Parallel Processes in Psychotherapy Supervision? An Emprical Examination. Psychotherapy, 49(3), 330-343.
  • Watkins, C. E. J. (2012). Some Thoughts about Parallel Process and Psychotherapy Supervision: When is a Parallel just a Parallel? Psychotherapy, 49(3), 344-346.

Parallel Process in Psychotherapy Supervision: A Case Study

Year 2015, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 39 - 50, 01.06.2015
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470667

Abstract

The concept of “Parallel Process” is widely recognized in psychotherapy supervision literature (Morissey & Tribe, 2001; Raichelson, Herron, Primevera, & Ramirez, 1997; Grey & Fiscalini, 1987). Supervision of psychotherapy is essentially a triadic process where a therapist is supervised in his/her work with one or more clients (Tracey, Bludworth, & Glidden-Tracey, 2012). The concept refers to unconscious replication of relational patterns both in therapeutic dyad (consisting of therapist and the patient) and supervisory dyad (consisting of supervisor and supervisee/therapist) (McNeill & Worthen, 1989). Many authors perceived parallel process as an important tool in supervision and a valuable form of communication (McNeill & Worthen, 1989; Morrissey & Tribe, 2001). Interventions focused on parallel process may improve the quality of supervisory process (Morrissey & Tribe, 2001). Parallel process received attention in the field, though, empirical support was relatively deficient (Grey & Fiscalini, 1987; Raichelson, et al., 1997; Tracey, et al., 2012). Parallel process has its origins in psychoanalytic concepts of transference and countertransference (Sumeral, 1994; McNeill & Worthen, 1989; Morissey & Tribe, 2001). However, some authors avoided to render parallel process within the realm of countertransference (e.g. Searles, 1955). On the other hand, existence of parallel process is confirmed without affirming the unconscious aspects (Raichelson, et al., 1997; Tracey, et al., 2012). Parallel process is defined as a unidirectional process in which the process is triggered by the unconscious of the patient (Grey & Fiscalini, 1987; Searles, 1955). However, some authors refer it as a bidirectional process, where the starting point may be either the patient or the supervisor (Doerhman, 1976; Tracey, et al., 2012). In conjunction with the complex nature of supervision and therapy, parallel process is to be portrayed as a circular dynamic rather than a process with a start point (Morissey & Tribe, 2001). Some authors claim that it is an interlocking processes of the supervisor, therapist, and patient triad, a "game" that the triad play (Grey & Fiscalini, 1987).

References

  • Berne, E. (1964). Games People Play. New York: Grove.
  • Carroll, M. (1996). Counseling Supervision Theory, Skills and Practice. London: Cassell.
  • Doehrman, M. J. G. (1976). Parallel Processes in Supervision and Psychotherapy. Bulletin of the Mellinger Clinic, 40, 3-104.
  • Ekstein, R., ve Wallerstein, R. S. (1958). The Teaching and Learning of Psychotherapy. New York: International Press.
  • Feltham, C., ve Dryden, W. (1994). Developing Counselor Supervision. London: Sage.
  • Grey, A., ve Fiscalini, J. (1987). Parallel Process as Transference-Countertransference Interaction. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 4(2), 131-144.
  • Grinberg, L. (1979). Countertransference and Projective Counteridentification. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 15, 226-247.
  • McNeill, B. W., ve Worthen, V. (1989). The Parallel Process in Psychotherapy Supervision. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 20(5), 329-333.
  • Meerloo, J. A. M. (1952). Some Psychological Processes in Supervision of Therapists. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 6, 467-470.
  • Morissey, J., ve Tribe, R. (2001). Parallel Process in Supervision. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 14(2), 103-110, doi: 10.1080/09515070110058567
  • Mothersole, G. (1998). Levels of Attention in Clinical Supervision. Transactional Analysis Journal, 28(4), 285-296.
  • Mothersole, G. (1999). Parallel Process. The Clinical Supervisor, 18(2), 107-121. doi: 10.1300/J001v18n02_08.
  • Lesser, R. M. (1983). Supervision: Illusions, Anxieties, and Questions. Comtemporary Psychoanalysis, 18, 1-19.
  • Raichelson, S. H., Herron, W. G., Primevera, L. H., ve Ramirez, S. M. (1997). Incidence and Effects of Parallel Process in Psychotherapy Supervision. The Clinical Supervisor, 15(2), 37-48, doi: 10.1300/J001v15n02_03
  • Sachs, D. M., ve Shapiro, S. H. (1976). On Parallel Processes in Therapy and Teaching. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 45, 394-415.
  • Searles, H. F. (1955). The Informational Value of Supervisor’s Emotional Experiences. Psychiatry, 18, 135-146.
  • Sumeral, M. B. (1994). Parallel Process in Supervision. Eric Digest, 94(15).
  • Tracey, T. J. G., Bludworth, J.,ve Glidden-Tracey, C. E. (2012). Are There Parallel Processes in Psychotherapy Supervision? An Emprical Examination. Psychotherapy, 49(3), 330-343.
  • Watkins, C. E. J. (2012). Some Thoughts about Parallel Process and Psychotherapy Supervision: When is a Parallel just a Parallel? Psychotherapy, 49(3), 344-346.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Other ID JA56RY84FY
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ali Can Gök

Publication Date June 1, 2015
Submission Date January 8, 2015
Acceptance Date April 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gök, A. C. (2015). Psikoterapi Süpervizyonunda Paralel Süreç:Bir Vaka Çalışması. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 2(2), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470667