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Sınırdurum Kişilik Organizasyonunun ve Depresif Semptomların Sullivan’ın Kişilerarası Teori’si Açısından Yorumlanması: Terapistin Katılımcı Gözlemci Rolü

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 1 - 9, 01.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470709

Abstract

İnsan bir varlık olarak temelde birtakım arzularını doyurabilmek, gerilim hissini azaltabilmek ve daha anlamlı bir etkileşim ve çevre sağlayabilmek için kişilerarası ilişki kurmaya ihtiyaç duymaktadır (Sullivan, 1953). Terapi sürecinde de danışanın hayatında oluşturduğu kişilerarası ilişkileri incelemek ve şikâyetleri bu etkileşimler çerçevesinde konumlandırmak önemli bir yer kaplamaktadır. Bu süreçte terapist ile danışan arasında kurulan ilişki bahsi geçen ilişkilerin incelenmesinden elde edilen verilerin işleneceği ve yeni doğrulayıcı duygusal deneyimlerin oluşturulacağı sağlıklı ve güvenli bir alan işlevine sahiptir. Bu noktada da Sullivan’ın “katılımcı gözlemci” adını verdiği pozisyon terapist ile danışan arasında kurulan ilişkinin yeni deneyimler yaratmasının zeminini hazırlamaktadır. Bu makalede, istikrarsız kendilik imajı, değişken duygular, dönemsel olarak artan depresif semptomlar ve dürtüsel davranışlar, kişilerarası ilişkilerde bozulmalar ve ayrılma-bireyleşme meselelerinde yaşadığı zorluklardan şikâyetçi olan vaka genel özellikleriyle özetlenmiş ve terapi süreci Sullivan’ın kişilerarası teorisi açısından ele alınmıştır. Terapi süreci, terapist ile hasta arasında kurulan ilişki ve bu ilişkinin işlemlenmesi üzerinden vakanın şikâyetlerinin özelliklerini ve bunları sürdüren faktörleri anlamayı ve şikâyetlerinde de gerileme sağlayacak olan kişilerarası ilişkilerini geliştirmeyi amaçlamıştır

References

  • American Psychological Association (2013). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5. baskı.). Washington, DC:APA.
  • Beatson, J. A., & Rao, S. (2012). Depression and borderline personality disorder. The Medical Journal of Australia Open, 1(4), 24-27. doi: 10.5694.
  • Bozzatello, P., & Bellino, S. (2016). Combined therapy with interpersonal psychotherapy adapted for borderline personality disorder: A two-years follow-up. Psychiatry Research, 240, 151- 156. doi: 0165-1781.
  • Gunderson, J. G. (1996). The Borderline Patient’s Intolerance of Aloneness: Insecure Attachments and Therapist Availability. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 752-758.
  • Gunderson, J.G., Morey, L.C., Stout, R. L., Skodol, A.E., Shea, M. T., McGlashan, T. H., . . . Bender, D. S. (2004). Major Depressive Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder Revisited Longitudinal Interactions. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65(8), 1049-1056.
  • Hall, C. S. & Lindzey, G. (1964). Theories of personality. New York, London: John Wiley & Sons Inc. Leichsenring, F. (2004). Quality of depressive experiences in borderline personality disorder: Differences between patients with borderline personality disorder and patients with higher levels of personality organization. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 68(1), 9-22.
  • Masterson, J. F. (1976). Psychotherapy of the borderline adult: A developmental approach. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
  • Mitchell, S. A. & Black, M. J. (1995). Freud and beyond A history of morn analytic thought. New York: Basic Books.
  • Mitchell, S. A. (1988). Relational Concepts in Psychoanalysis An Integration. United States of America: Harward University Press.
  • McWilliams, N. (2011). Psychoanalytic Diagnosis Understanding Personality Structure in the Clinical Process (2. basım). New York, London: The Guilford Press.
  • Stern, A. (1938). Psychoanalytic investigations of and therapy in the borderline group of neuroses. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 7, 467-489.
  • Stuart, S. & Robertson, M. (2012). Classics in Psychotherapy Interpersonal Psychotherapy a clinician’s guide (2. baskı). Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group.
  • Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The Interpersonal Theory of Psychiatry. Perry, H. S., Gawel, M. L. & Cohen, M. B. (Ed.). New York: The William Alanson White Psychiatric Foundation, W.W. Norton & Company Inc.

An Interpretation of Borderline Organization in Personality and Depressive Symptoms with Regard to Sullivan’s Interpersonal Theory: The Participant Observer Role of Therapist

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 1 - 9, 01.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470709

Abstract

Sullivan (1953) explained that human being needs an interpersonal relationship in order to satisfy desires, decrease tension and create a meaningful world. The interpersonal relationships are the main tasks in continuing the life. Moreover, the relationship between the therapist and the client is the new area which could help both the client and the therapist create new experiences. The participant observer role of the therapist would be expected to function as a tool for creating new corrective experiences. Using the therapist client relation in order to create a new healthy and corrective emotional expressions and experiences was planned to be the main tool in therapy process. In this article the case of Ms. B and therapy process were discussed according to the Sullivan’s Interpersonal theory especially based on corrective emotional experience notion. Instability in self image and affects, and impairments in the area of interpersonal functioning, showing depressive symptoms, increment in impulsivity, showing risk taking behaviors and struggles related to separation individuation issues are some of the symptoms that Miss. B. complained. Those complaints were related to depressive symptoms which have been continued for approximately 8 years and borderline level organization of her personality. Ms. B has a quite long psychiatric treatment history. The therapy in this case aims to analyze the maintaining features for her depressive complaints, the borderline level personality organization, and help her to show improvements in interpersonal area, which were expected to led improvements in her complaints

References

  • American Psychological Association (2013). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5. baskı.). Washington, DC:APA.
  • Beatson, J. A., & Rao, S. (2012). Depression and borderline personality disorder. The Medical Journal of Australia Open, 1(4), 24-27. doi: 10.5694.
  • Bozzatello, P., & Bellino, S. (2016). Combined therapy with interpersonal psychotherapy adapted for borderline personality disorder: A two-years follow-up. Psychiatry Research, 240, 151- 156. doi: 0165-1781.
  • Gunderson, J. G. (1996). The Borderline Patient’s Intolerance of Aloneness: Insecure Attachments and Therapist Availability. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 752-758.
  • Gunderson, J.G., Morey, L.C., Stout, R. L., Skodol, A.E., Shea, M. T., McGlashan, T. H., . . . Bender, D. S. (2004). Major Depressive Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder Revisited Longitudinal Interactions. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65(8), 1049-1056.
  • Hall, C. S. & Lindzey, G. (1964). Theories of personality. New York, London: John Wiley & Sons Inc. Leichsenring, F. (2004). Quality of depressive experiences in borderline personality disorder: Differences between patients with borderline personality disorder and patients with higher levels of personality organization. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 68(1), 9-22.
  • Masterson, J. F. (1976). Psychotherapy of the borderline adult: A developmental approach. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
  • Mitchell, S. A. & Black, M. J. (1995). Freud and beyond A history of morn analytic thought. New York: Basic Books.
  • Mitchell, S. A. (1988). Relational Concepts in Psychoanalysis An Integration. United States of America: Harward University Press.
  • McWilliams, N. (2011). Psychoanalytic Diagnosis Understanding Personality Structure in the Clinical Process (2. basım). New York, London: The Guilford Press.
  • Stern, A. (1938). Psychoanalytic investigations of and therapy in the borderline group of neuroses. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 7, 467-489.
  • Stuart, S. & Robertson, M. (2012). Classics in Psychotherapy Interpersonal Psychotherapy a clinician’s guide (2. baskı). Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group.
  • Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The Interpersonal Theory of Psychiatry. Perry, H. S., Gawel, M. L. & Cohen, M. B. (Ed.). New York: The William Alanson White Psychiatric Foundation, W.W. Norton & Company Inc.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Other ID JA22YF55TJ
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tuğba Uyar Suiçmez

Publication Date June 1, 2017
Submission Date June 1, 2017
Acceptance Date February 6, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Suiçmez, T. U. (2017). Sınırdurum Kişilik Organizasyonunun ve Depresif Semptomların Sullivan’ın Kişilerarası Teori’si Açısından Yorumlanması: Terapistin Katılımcı Gözlemci Rolü. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 4(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470709