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Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO)

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 208 - 223, 31.07.2023

Abstract

Bilgi ve bilişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmelerle artan iletişim olanakları, kuşak farklılıklarına bağlı güncellenen ihtiyaçlar ve beklentiler, rekabet ortamı ile küreselleşme vb. faktörler iş yaşamını derinden etkilemiş, ofis kavramının sorgulanmasına neden olmuştur. Bireylerin psikolojik ve fiziksel sağlığı, iş gücünün doğru kullanımı ve ortaya çıkarılan ürünün kalitesi, çalışma mekânı ve yöntemi ile doğrudan ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda mekan organizasyonlarında, misyon ve stratejiler yeniden düşünülerek iş süreçlerini değiştirmekle birlikte daha az hiyerarşik bir düzene ve daha esnek, yenilikçi ofis sistemlerine geçişin gerekliliği hissedilmektedir.
Çalışma kapsamında, yenilikçi ofis yaklaşımlarından biri olan ve yabancı kaynaklarda; faaliyet tabanlı ofis, aktivite bazlı ofis, aktivite tabanlı ofis vb. isimlerle yer alan, paylaşımı destekleyen aktivite temelli ofisler (ATO) ele alınmaktadır. İç mekân tasarım prensipleri çerçevesinde ATO’lar; zamansal ve mekânsal seçim esnekliği tanıyan, farklı iş aktivitelerine ve bireysel tercihlere uygun mekân çeşitliliğinin sağlandığı, güncel bilgi ve bilişim teknolojileri ile donatılmış, hiyerarşik düzenin fiziksel ayrımla tanımlanmadığı, bireylerin ikamet ettiği ofis birimleri yerine tüm ofisin bütün bireylere ortak kullanım hakkı tanıdığı ofisler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Van Meel’in (2019) aktarımında; Allen ve Gerstberger tarafından 1973 yılında yazılan bir makalede, IBM ürün mühendislerinden oluşan bir grubun "bölge dışı ofis" olarak isimlendirilen bir yere taşınmasında gözlemledikleri yeni mekân kullanım anlayışı, artan iletişim ve sunulan esneklik olanaklarıyla ofisin ilk ATO olma niteliği taşıdığını ifade etmektedir. Bu makaleden hareketle başlayan çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden genel kaynak tarama modeli kullanılarak ATO’lara ait kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapılmıştır. İnceleme sonucu, Türkçe kaynaklarda konunun ele alınmadığı görülmüştür. Çalışma ile bu yenilikçi ofis anlayışı literatüre aktivite temelli ofis (ATO) ismi ile dahil olacaktır. Makalenin, ofis düzenindeki günceli yakalamaya çalışan arayış ile Türkiye’de bulunan kurumsal firmalara ATO sistemine geçiş yapmaları yönünde teşvik edici bir etki oluşturacağı ve ATO’ların ilerleyen süreçte tercih edilen bir sistem olarak ofis iç mekân tasarımlarında yerini alacağı düşünülmektedir.

References

  • ROSS, P., 2010. Activity based working. The hybrid organisation: Buildings. Microsoft.
  • VAN MEEL, J., 2019. Activity-based working: The Purenet practice guide. PuRE-net.
  • VELDHOEN, E., ve PIEPERS, B., 1995. Demise of the office: the digital workplace in a thriving organisation. Rotterdam: Uitgeverij 010 Publishers.
  • WORTHINGTON, J., 2006. Reinventing the workplace. 2. Baskı. London: Elsevier Architectural Press.
  • ALLEN, T.J., ve GERSTBERGER, P.G., 1973. A field experiment to improve communications in a product engineering department: The nonterritorial office. Human Factors. 15 (5), s. 487-498.
  • APPEL‐MEULENBROEK, R., GROENEN, P., ve JANSSEN, I., 2011. An end‐user's perspective on activity‐based office concepts. Journal of Corporate Real Estate. 13 (2), s.122-135.
  • APPEL-MEULENBROEK, R., KEMPERMAN, A., KLEIJN, M., ve HENDRIKS, E., 2015. To use or not to use: which type of property should you choose? Predicting the use of activity-based offices. Journal of Property Investment and Finance. 33 (4), s. 320-336. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPIF-09-2014-0059
  • ARABACIOĞLU, B.C., ve ARABACIOĞLU, P., 2011. Çağdaş ofis anlayışı ve 'Google’ın Googleplex' örneği. Anadolu Bil Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 22, s. 39-48.
  • BABAPOUR CHAFI, M., ve ROLFO, L., 2019. Policies in activity-based flexible offices- ‘I am sloppy with clean-desking. We don’t really know the rules.’. Ergonomics. 62 (1), s.1-20.
  • DANIELSSON, C.B., ve BODIN, L., 2009. Difference in satisfaction with office environment among employees in different office types. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research. 26 (3), s. 241-257.
  • MOSSELMAN, N., GOSSELINK, A. M., ve BEIJER, M., 2010. Long-term effects of activity-based working. EuroFM Insight. 15, s. 9–10. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2a9f0e20-aa3f-4c77-9652-ddbaed57a4c6
  • ÖZTÜRK, E., ve KORAMAZ, E. K., 2018. iİstanbul’daki̇ paylaşımlı ofi̇s alanlarının sundukları hizmetler ve tasarım özellikleri. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Teknoloji ve Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi. 1 (1), s. 73-86.
  • ROLFO, L., EKLUND, J., ve JAHNCKE, H., 2018. Perceptions of performance and satisfaction after relocation to an activity-based office. Ergonomics. 61 (5), s. 644–657. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2017.1398844
  • ROLFO, L. V., 2018. Relocation to an activity-based flexible office – Design processes and outcomes. Applied Ergonomics. 73 (January), s. 141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2018.05.017
  • SAMSON, D., 2013. From the ivory tower to activity-based workspaces. International Journal of Information and Education Technology. 3 (6), s. 624.
  • STONE, P. J., ve LUCHETTI, R., 1985. Your office is where you are. Harvard Business Review. 63 (2), s. 102-117.
  • VOS, P., ve VAN DER VOORDT, T., 2002. Tomorrow’s offices through today’s eyes: Effects of innovation in the working environment. Journal of Corporate Real Estate. 4 (1), s. 48–65. https://doi.org/10.1108/14630010210811778
  • WOHLERS, C., ve HERTEL, G., 2017. Choosing where to work at work–towards a theoretical model of benefits and risks of activity-based flexible offices. Ergonomics. 60(4), s. 467–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2016.1188220
  • WOHLERS, C., ve HERTEL, G., 2018. Longitudinal effects of activity-based flexible office design on teamwork. Frontiers in Psychology. 2016 (9), s. 1-16. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02016
  • ZAMANI, Z., ve GUM, D., 2019. Activity-based flexible office: Exploring the fit between physical environment qualities and user needs impacting satisfaction, communication, collaboration and productivity. Journal of Corporate Real Estate. 21 (3), s. 234-253.
  • AIHINI, D., 2019. Interview with Founders of Activity-Based Work, Veldhoen + Co [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://robinpowered.com/blog/activity-based-working-principles [Erişim Tarihi 18 Haziran 2023].
  • ABW, 2016. Activity based work space [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://activitybasedworkspace.wordpress.com/photos/ [Erişim Tarihi 18 Haziran 2023].
  • INTERPOLIS, 2008. Interior of the office building, Interpolis (Tilburg) [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://www.flickr.com/photos/47748104@N00/2929534983 [Erişim tarihi 18 Haziran 2023].
  • ÇİMEN, T., 2008. Teknolojik gelişmelerin sonucunda değişen üretim ilişkilerinin, ofis yapılarına etkisi ve ofis mekânları. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • KOS, V., 2017. Organizational culture and the activity-based office. Unpublished thesis (MSc). Eindhoven University of Technology.
  • LINDELL, V., 2015. Activity-based workplace - One size does not fit all. Unpublished thesis (MSc). Chalmers University of Technology.
  • SEDDIGH, A., 2015. Office type, performance and well-being: A study of how personality and work tasks interact with contemporary office environments and ways of working. Unpublished thesis (PhD). Stockholm University.

Innovative Office Approach: Activity Based Office (ABO)

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 208 - 223, 31.07.2023

Abstract

Factors such as increasing communication possibilities with the developments in data and information technologies, updated needs and expectations due to generational differences, competitive environment and globalization, etc. have deeply affected business life and caused the concept of office to be questioned. The psychological and physical health of individuals, the correct use of the workforce, the quality of the product produced are directly related to the working space and method. At this point, organizations rethink their mission and strategies, change their business processes and feel the need to transition to a less hierarchical order and more flexible, innovative office systems.
Within the scope of the study, one of these innovative office approaches called the activity-based offices (ABO) are discussed which; in literature, are named as operation-based offices, activity-based workspaces, etc. in foreign sources. Within the framework of interior design principles, ABOs are defined as offices that allow flexibility of time-related and spatial choice and provide a variety of spaces suitable for different work activities and individual preferences, equipped with up-to-date information and information technologies, where the hierarchical order is not defined by physical separation, and where the entire office is shared by all individuals instead of office units where individuals reside. According to Van Meel (2019), Allen and Gerstberger state in an article written in 1973 that the office was the first ABO with its new understanding of space use, increased communication, and flexibility opportunities that they observed when a group of IBM product engineers moved to a place called "off-site office". Starting from this article, a comprehensive literature review on ABOs was conducted using the general literature review model, one of the qualitative research methods. As a result of the review, it was observed that the subject was not addressed in Turkish sources. With this study, this innovative office concept will be included in the literature with the name activity-based office (ABO). It is thought that the article will have an encouraging effect on the corporate companies in Turkey to switch to the ABO system and ABOs will take their place in office interior designs as a preferred system in the future.

References

  • ROSS, P., 2010. Activity based working. The hybrid organisation: Buildings. Microsoft.
  • VAN MEEL, J., 2019. Activity-based working: The Purenet practice guide. PuRE-net.
  • VELDHOEN, E., ve PIEPERS, B., 1995. Demise of the office: the digital workplace in a thriving organisation. Rotterdam: Uitgeverij 010 Publishers.
  • WORTHINGTON, J., 2006. Reinventing the workplace. 2. Baskı. London: Elsevier Architectural Press.
  • ALLEN, T.J., ve GERSTBERGER, P.G., 1973. A field experiment to improve communications in a product engineering department: The nonterritorial office. Human Factors. 15 (5), s. 487-498.
  • APPEL‐MEULENBROEK, R., GROENEN, P., ve JANSSEN, I., 2011. An end‐user's perspective on activity‐based office concepts. Journal of Corporate Real Estate. 13 (2), s.122-135.
  • APPEL-MEULENBROEK, R., KEMPERMAN, A., KLEIJN, M., ve HENDRIKS, E., 2015. To use or not to use: which type of property should you choose? Predicting the use of activity-based offices. Journal of Property Investment and Finance. 33 (4), s. 320-336. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPIF-09-2014-0059
  • ARABACIOĞLU, B.C., ve ARABACIOĞLU, P., 2011. Çağdaş ofis anlayışı ve 'Google’ın Googleplex' örneği. Anadolu Bil Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 22, s. 39-48.
  • BABAPOUR CHAFI, M., ve ROLFO, L., 2019. Policies in activity-based flexible offices- ‘I am sloppy with clean-desking. We don’t really know the rules.’. Ergonomics. 62 (1), s.1-20.
  • DANIELSSON, C.B., ve BODIN, L., 2009. Difference in satisfaction with office environment among employees in different office types. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research. 26 (3), s. 241-257.
  • MOSSELMAN, N., GOSSELINK, A. M., ve BEIJER, M., 2010. Long-term effects of activity-based working. EuroFM Insight. 15, s. 9–10. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2a9f0e20-aa3f-4c77-9652-ddbaed57a4c6
  • ÖZTÜRK, E., ve KORAMAZ, E. K., 2018. iİstanbul’daki̇ paylaşımlı ofi̇s alanlarının sundukları hizmetler ve tasarım özellikleri. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Teknoloji ve Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi. 1 (1), s. 73-86.
  • ROLFO, L., EKLUND, J., ve JAHNCKE, H., 2018. Perceptions of performance and satisfaction after relocation to an activity-based office. Ergonomics. 61 (5), s. 644–657. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2017.1398844
  • ROLFO, L. V., 2018. Relocation to an activity-based flexible office – Design processes and outcomes. Applied Ergonomics. 73 (January), s. 141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2018.05.017
  • SAMSON, D., 2013. From the ivory tower to activity-based workspaces. International Journal of Information and Education Technology. 3 (6), s. 624.
  • STONE, P. J., ve LUCHETTI, R., 1985. Your office is where you are. Harvard Business Review. 63 (2), s. 102-117.
  • VOS, P., ve VAN DER VOORDT, T., 2002. Tomorrow’s offices through today’s eyes: Effects of innovation in the working environment. Journal of Corporate Real Estate. 4 (1), s. 48–65. https://doi.org/10.1108/14630010210811778
  • WOHLERS, C., ve HERTEL, G., 2017. Choosing where to work at work–towards a theoretical model of benefits and risks of activity-based flexible offices. Ergonomics. 60(4), s. 467–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2016.1188220
  • WOHLERS, C., ve HERTEL, G., 2018. Longitudinal effects of activity-based flexible office design on teamwork. Frontiers in Psychology. 2016 (9), s. 1-16. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02016
  • ZAMANI, Z., ve GUM, D., 2019. Activity-based flexible office: Exploring the fit between physical environment qualities and user needs impacting satisfaction, communication, collaboration and productivity. Journal of Corporate Real Estate. 21 (3), s. 234-253.
  • AIHINI, D., 2019. Interview with Founders of Activity-Based Work, Veldhoen + Co [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://robinpowered.com/blog/activity-based-working-principles [Erişim Tarihi 18 Haziran 2023].
  • ABW, 2016. Activity based work space [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://activitybasedworkspace.wordpress.com/photos/ [Erişim Tarihi 18 Haziran 2023].
  • INTERPOLIS, 2008. Interior of the office building, Interpolis (Tilburg) [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://www.flickr.com/photos/47748104@N00/2929534983 [Erişim tarihi 18 Haziran 2023].
  • ÇİMEN, T., 2008. Teknolojik gelişmelerin sonucunda değişen üretim ilişkilerinin, ofis yapılarına etkisi ve ofis mekânları. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • KOS, V., 2017. Organizational culture and the activity-based office. Unpublished thesis (MSc). Eindhoven University of Technology.
  • LINDELL, V., 2015. Activity-based workplace - One size does not fit all. Unpublished thesis (MSc). Chalmers University of Technology.
  • SEDDIGH, A., 2015. Office type, performance and well-being: A study of how personality and work tasks interact with contemporary office environments and ways of working. Unpublished thesis (PhD). Stockholm University.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Architecture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Kerem Baş This is me 0009-0008-4902-9214

Hande Zeynep Kayan 0000-0003-3233-4788

Publication Date July 31, 2023
Acceptance Date July 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Baş, K., & Kayan, H. Z. (2023). Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO). Bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design, 4(2), 208-223.
AMA Baş K, Kayan HZ. Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO). bāb Architecture and Design Journal. July 2023;4(2):208-223.
Chicago Baş, Kerem, and Hande Zeynep Kayan. “Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO)”. Bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design 4, no. 2 (July 2023): 208-23.
EndNote Baş K, Kayan HZ (July 1, 2023) Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO). bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design 4 2 208–223.
IEEE K. Baş and H. Z. Kayan, “Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO)”, bāb Architecture and Design Journal, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 208–223, 2023.
ISNAD Baş, Kerem - Kayan, Hande Zeynep. “Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO)”. bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design 4/2 (July 2023), 208-223.
JAMA Baş K, Kayan HZ. Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO). bāb Architecture and Design Journal. 2023;4:208–223.
MLA Baş, Kerem and Hande Zeynep Kayan. “Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO)”. Bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design, vol. 4, no. 2, 2023, pp. 208-23.
Vancouver Baş K, Kayan HZ. Yenilikçi Ofis Yaklaşımı: Aktivite Temelli Ofis (ATO). bāb Architecture and Design Journal. 2023;4(2):208-23.