Determination of Gene Expression Profiles of Cold Tolerance Genes (PDCBF1 and PDCBF2) in Almond Genotypes

Year 2024, , 140 - 146, 16.07.2024

Yeşim Okay , Başak Özdemir , Canan Yüksel Özmen , Ali Ergül

https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1481983

Abstract

In the cultivation of almond (Prunus dulcis), which is one of the temperate climate fruit species, late spring frosts are the leading stress conditions that limit production and determine the growing ecology of the species. Not only genetic variation is low in cultivars belonging to the species, but also differences in tolerance are observed. Genetic mechanism differences between individuals play a role on the basis of this. In this study, gene expression of CBF genes (PdCBF1, PdCBF2), which is thought to be a key regulator of cold tolerance, was determined by Real-Time PCR in 16 almond genotypes, including local and commercial almond varieties of wild almond species (Amygdalus arabica, A.orientalis) that differ in flowering time. As a result of the analysis, the highest gene expression increases in both PdCBF1 and PdCBF2 genes was detected in Bertina cultivar (99.63-fold and 78.62-fold, respectively) while the highest gene expression decrease was detected in Ferraduel cultivar (-59.30-fold and -77.70-fold, respectively). On the other hand, a decrease in gene expression was observed in Gülcan 2, Ferraduel, and Primorski cultivars in terms of both genes, and it is thought that these genotypes may be cold tolerant.

Keywords

Prunus dulcis, almond, cold tolerance, gene expression, real-time PCR

Badem Genotiplerinde Soğuğa Tolerans Genlerinin (PDCBF1 ve PDCBF2) Gen İfade Profillerinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Ilıman iklim meyve türlerinden olan badem (Prunus dulcis) yetiştiriciliğinde ilkbahar geç donları üretimi kısıtlayan ve türün yetiştirilme ekolojisini belirleyen stres koşullarının başında gelmektedir. Bitkilerde soğuğa tolerans konusundaki seleksiyonlar çoğunlukla fenolojik gözlemlere dayandırılmaktadır. Türe ait çeşitlerde genetik varyasyon düşük olmakla birlikte toleransta da farklılıklar görülmekte, bunun temelinde ise bireyler arası genetik mekanizma farklılığı rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çiçeklenme süresi bakımından farklılık gösteren yabani badem türleri (Amygdalus arabica, A.orientalis), yerel ve ticari badem çeşitleri de dahil olmak üzere 16 badem genotipinde, soğuğa toleransta anahtar düzenleyici olduğu düşünülen CBF genlerinin (PdCBF1, PdCBF2) real-time PCR ile gen ifade analizleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve soğuğa toleranslılıkla ilgili genotipler arası karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, hem PdCBF1 hem de PdCBF2 geninde en fazla gen ifade artışı Bertina çeşidinde (sırası ile 99.63 kat ve 78.62 kat) olurken, en fazla gen ifade azalışı ise Ferraduel çeşidinde (sırası ile -59.30 ve -77.70 kat) tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan, Gülcan 2, Ferraduel ve Primorski çeşitlerinde ise her iki gen bakımından da gen ifade azalışı gözlemlenmiş olup, bu genotiplerin soğuğa toleranslı olabilecekleri düşünülmektedir. Çalışma bulgularının bademde soğuğa tolerans ile ilgili yapılacak gen düzeyindeki diğer çalışmalara yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Prunus dulcis, badem, soğuğa tolerans, gen ifadesi, real-time PCR

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