Zeytin Fidanı Üretiminde Değişik Harç Materyalleri ve Karışımlarının Vejetatif Gelişme Üzerinde Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışma, değişik harç karışımları ile ticari gübrelerin zeytin fidanının vejetatif gelişmesi üzerine olan etkisini araştırmak amacıyla ele alınmıştır. Çalışma sonunda 2 kısım kahverengi orman toprağı, 1 kısım ahır gübresi ve 1 kısım perlitle hazırlanan harç karışımının diğer karışımlara oranla daha iyi sonuç verdiği; harç karışımında ahır gübresi kullanıldığı takdirde ticari gübrelere gerek olmadığı; ahır gübresi yerine hızar tozu kullanıldığı zaman 3 kg toprağa, 3 g saf azot, 4 g saf fosfor ve 2 g saf potasyuma eşdeğer ticari gübrelerin ilavesiyle ahır gübresi ile yapılan yetiştiricilikteki başarıya ulaşılabileceği saptanmıştır. Artık kompostonun fidan gelişmesini olumlu yönde etkileyerek, ahır gübresinin yerine kullanılabileceği, turbanın ise ticari gübre ilavesi yapılmaksızın iyi sonuç vermediği ortaya konmuştur. Organik madde kaynağı olarak zeytin pirinasının gerek tek başına ve gerekse ticari gübre ilavesiyle kullanılamayacağı anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Zeytin Fidanı
• Harç Materyali
• Vejetatif Gelişme

The Effects of Different Kinds of Soil Mixture on Vegetative Growth of Rooted Olive Softwood Cuttings

Abstract

The softwood cuttings from olive trees were rooted under the mist and grown in different kinds of soil mixture in the polyethylene bags. Up until now, there hasn’t been any study on the subject of the soil mixture used for growing of the rooted softwood cuttings of olive trees in Turkey. This study has been carried out in two steps to determine the effects of different kinds of soil mixture on rooted soft wood cuttings in the beginning, we studied the subject of different kinds of soil, organic matter and their mixture and then we investigated the sorts and amounts of artificial fertilizers. The materials for the soil mixture were as follows; 1. The different kinds of soil groups; Vertisol, Rendzina. The brown forest soil, the lime less brown forest soil and Alluvial. 2. The different kinds of organic matter: Peat, farmyard manure and spent mushroom compost. 3. Perlite. The mixing ratio of these materials is; 2/4 Soil 1/4 organic matter + 1/4 perlite. The first trial was carried out according to the randomized block design with 8 replications. According to the first trial, the best results were achieved by the mixture of brown forest soil (with and without lime), farmyard manure and perlite. The weight of shoot showed an increase of 40.7% and 38.5% respectively over the control. Good result was also obtained over the control by using the mixture of different kinds of soil groups, mushroom spent compost and perlite. On the other hand, the mixture of different kinds of soil groups, peat and perlite without fertilizers didn’t give any good results on the growth of the rooted softwood cut tings. This trial showed that the artificial fertilizers can be added to the mixture of compost where peat is used. In the second trial, two depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) of the brown forest soil, farmyard manure, saw dust, prina (by product from olive oil factory), perlite, fine sand and different kinds of artificial fertilizers were used. This trial was carried out according to the randomized block design with 5 replications. According to the results, the best soil mixture is again 2/4 soil + 1/4 farmyard manure + 1/4 perlite or fine sand. Where farmyard manure is used artificial fertilizers are not needed for the first six month- growing-season. It’s also understood that sawdust (from poplar) can be used with an addition of the artificial fertilizers. Where sawdust issued, 3 g nitrogen, 4 g phosphorus and 2 g potassium must be added for the 3 kg polyethylene pot. There is no difference between the different depths of brown forest soil affecting the plant growth. Prina was found to be not suitable for this purpose.

Keywords

• Olive Sapling
• Mortar Material
• Vegetative Development

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