Research Article
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Comparative Studies on the Effect of Normal and Controlled Atmosphere Storage Conditions on Some Important Apple Cultivars-2

Year 1993, Volume: 22 Issue: 1-2, 17 - 28, 31.12.1993

Ümit Ertan Kenan Kaynaş , İsmet Sözer Özelkök Fahrettin Öz

Abstract

This study was carried out on Starking Delicious, Starkrimson Delicious, Golden Delicious and Starkspur Golden Delicious, widely-grown apple cultivars of the Marmara Region, during the storage. Results indicated that one way-controlled CA condition was suitable for Golden Delicious and Starkspur Golden Delicious cultivars without any appreciable quality losses during 6 months-period of storage. However, the same system was found to be unsuitable for Starking Delicious and Starkrimson Delicious varieties due to predominating CO₂ injury and mealy breakdown disorders. Linder conditions exceeding 6 months of storage, the quality risks increased due to decreased acid content and lower flesh firmness which proposes that normal CA condition (double-gas control) is required for all the cultivars mentioned for extended storage until CO₂ gas concentrations higher than %7 has been tested for only Golden Delicious and Starkspur Golden Delicious cultivars.

Keywords

Apple Normal Atmosphere Controlled Atmosphere Storage

References

  • Burg, S.P., E.A. Burg, 1965. Ethylene Action and the Ripening of Fruits. Science 148: 1190-1196.
  • Burg, S.P., E.A. Burg, 1969. Interaction of ethylene, oxygen and carbon Dioxide in the Control of Fruit Ripening. Qualities Plantarim et Materiae Vegetabiles 19:18-200.
  • Chichester, C.O., R. McFeeters, 1971. Pigment Degeneration During Processing and Storage. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products". Vol.2 (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press, New York, USA, pp:707-719.
  • Claypool, L.L., 1972. Postharvest Physiology of Fruits. Kaliforniya Üniversitesi Pomoloji Bölümü Ders Notları. Davis, USA.
  • 5 Claypool, L.L., R.M. Keefer, 1942. A Colorimetric Method for CO₂ Determination in Respiration Studies. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 40:177-186.
  • Doesburg, J.J., 1965. Pectic Substances in Fresh and Preserved Fruits and Vegetables. Inst. for Res. on Storage and Processing of Hort. Produce.
  • B.V.T. Communication Nr. 25, Printed in the Netherlands by Veeman En Zonen N.V., Wageningen, 152p.
  • Dostal, H.C., 1970. The Biochemistry and Physiology of Ripening. Hort. Science 5:36-37.
  • Ertan, Ü., 1980. Adapazarı ve Çevresinde Tarımı yapılan önemli patates çeşitlerinin Derim Sonrası Fizyolojisi Üzerinde Araştırmalar. (Doktora tezi). Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Adana, 280s.
  • Ertan, Ü., İ.S. Özelkök, K. Kaynaş ve F. Öz, 1992. Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları üzerinde karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-1 (Akıcı Sistem). Bahçe (Basımda).
  • Fidler, J.C., C.J. North, 1967. The Effect of Conditions of Storage on the Respiration of Apples-1. The Effect of Temperature and Concentrations of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen. Hort. Sci. 42:189-206.
  • Griffiths, D.G., N.A. Potter and C. C. Hulme, 1950.
  • Data for the Study of the Metabolism of Apples During Growth and Storage. J. Hort. Sci. 25: 266-270.
  • Hardenburg, E., A.E. Watada and C.Y. Wang, 1990. The Commercial Storage of Fruits, Vegetable, and Florist and Nursery Stocks. USDA, Agr. Res. Ser. Agr. Handbook No. 66, pp:32-33.
  • Hulme, A.C., 1958. Some Aspects of the Biochemistry of Apple and Pear fruits. Advances in Food Res. 8:297-413.
  • Hulme, A.C., M.J.C. Rhodes, 1971. Pome Fruits. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products" Vol.2 (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press, New York, USA, pp:333-373.
  • Kertesz, Z.I.,1951. The Pectic substances. Interscience Publishers.
  • Kidd, F., C. West, 1930. Physiology of Fruit-1. Changes in the Respiratory Activity of Apples During Their Senescence at Different Temperatures. Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) B 106, pp:93-109.
  • Kidd, F., C. West, 1950. The Refrigerated Gas
  • Storage of Apples. Dept. Sci. and Indus. Res. Food Invest. Bd., Leaflet 6, London.
  • Kidd, F., C. West, D.G. Griffiths and N.A. Potter, 1951. Metabolism of Malic Acid in Apples. J. Hort. Sci. 26:16-175.
  • Kieser, M.E., A. Polard, 1951. The Effect of Fruit storage on Apple juice Processing-2. Ann. Rept. Agr. Hort. Res. Sta. Long Ashton, Bristol, pp:188-189.
  • Knee, M., 1971-a. Ripening of Apples During Storage. J. Sci. Fd. Agric., 22:365-367.
  • Knee, M., 1971-b. Ripening of Apples During Storage-3. Changes in Chemical Composition of Golden Delicious Apples During the Climacteric Under Condition Simulating Commercial Storage Practice. J. Sci. Fd. Agric., 22:371-377.
  • Knee, M., 1980. Physiological Responses of Apple Fruits to Oxygen Concentrations. Ann. Appl. Biol. 96:243-233.
  • Lau, O.L., 1980. Fruit Response to Handling and Storage-Apples. In "Proceeding of Tri-State Apple Rostharvest Physiology and Storage Methods. Short Course "Wenatchee, Washington. pp:31-48.
  • Lau, O.L., 1983. Storage Responses of Four Apple Cultivars to a "Rapid CA" Procedure in Commercial Controlled-Atmosphere Facilities. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 108:530-533.
  • Lau, O.L., 1985. Storage Procedures, Low Oxygen and Low Carbon Dioxide Atmospheres on Storage Quality of Golden Delicious and Delicious Apples. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110:541-547.
  • Meheriuk, M., 1985. Controlled Atmosphere Storage Conditions for Some of the More Commonly Grown Apple Cultivar. In "Proc. 4. Notional CA Res. Conference" (Ed. S.M. Blankenship) North Caroline State Univ. Raleigh Hort. Rpt. 126, pp:391-421.
  • Olsen, K.L., H.A. Schomer, 1964. Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Levels for Controlled-Atmosphere Storage of Starking and Golden Delicious Apple. USDA Mrkg. Res. Report No:653, 11p.
  • Patherson, M.E., 1970. The Role of Ripening in the Affairs of Man. Hort. Science 5(1):30-33.
  • Rhodes, M.C., L.S.C. Wooltorton, 1967. The Respiration Climacteric in Apple Fruits. Phytochem, 6:1-12.
  • Ryall, A.L., W.T. Pentzer, 1974. Handling, Transportation and Storage of Fruits and Vegetables. The AVI Publishing Company, Inc. pp:340-360.
  • Smock, R.M., 1944. The Physiology of Decidious Fruits in Storage. The Bot. Rew., 10:560-568.
  • Smock, R.M., A.M. Neubert, 1950. Apples and Apple Products. Interscience, New York.
  • Smock, R.M., 1958. Controlled Atmosphere Storage of Apples. New York Agr. Col. (Cornell), Ext. Bul. 759, 35p.
  • Tomkins, R.G., 1968. Small Scale Storage Trials. Agricultural Research Council Annual Report, For June 1967-May 1968, Dittion Laboratory, pp:12-18.
  • Ulrich, R., 1970. Organic Acids. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their products" Vol.1, (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press, New York, USA, pp:89-115.
  • Van Buran, A., 1965. The Function of Phytochrome in Regulation of Plant Growth. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciensces 58:2125-2139.
  • Whiting, G.C., 1970. Sugars. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their products" Vol.1, (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press, New York USA, pp:1-31.
  • Wilkinson, B.G., 1970-a. Physiological Disorders of Fruit After Harvest. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products". Vol.1, (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press. New York, USA, pp:537-554.
  • Wilkinson, B.G., 1970-b. The Effect of Evaporation on Storage Disorders of Apples. Report of East mailing Res. Sta. for 1969. pp:127-129.
  • Wilkinson, B.G., J.C. Fidler, 1973. Physiological Disorders. The Biology of Apple and Pear Storage. Commonwealth Agricultural Bordeaux, Farham Royal, England pp:67-131.

Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2

Year 1993, Volume: 22 Issue: 1-2, 17 - 28, 31.12.1993

Ümit Ertan Kenan Kaynaş , İsmet Sözer Özelkök Fahrettin Öz

Abstract

Bu çalışma 1982/1983 saklama mevsiminde, Marmara bölgesinin yaygın standart çeşitlerinden Starking Delicious, Starkrimson Delicious, Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious çeşitleri üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Denemede tek yönlü KA (kontrollü atmosfer) yöntemiyle (%7 CO₂-%14 O₂) çift yönlü KA yönteminin (%3 CO₂-%3 O₂) anılan çeşitlerin saklama potansiyeli üzerindeki etkileri akıcı sistemde NA’le (normal atmosfer) karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar tek yönlü KA yönteminin 6 aylık saklama süresi içinde Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious çeşitleri için kalite riski taşımadığını göstermektedir. Ancak elmalardaki CO₂ zararı ve meyve tekstüründeki unlulaşma bu yöntemin Starking Delicious ve Starkrimson Delicious çeşitlerinde kullanılmasını engelleyen etmenler olarak görülmüştür. Saklama süresinin 6 ayı geçmesi durumunda, tek yönlü KA yönteminde meyvelerde olgunluğun hızlanmasından doğan kalite riski (asit içeriğindeki azalışlar, meyve etindeki yumuşama, vb.) artmış ve bu nedenle de uzun süreli saklama periyodunda Golden Delicious ve Starkspur Golden Delicious çeşitlerinde %7 CO₂’den daha yüksek CO₂ içeren atmosfer bileşimleri deneninceye kadar 4 çeşit içinde meyve endüstrisine çift yönlü KA yönteminin önerilmesi sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Elma Normal Atmosfer Kontrollü Atmosfer Depolama

References

  • Burg, S.P., E.A. Burg, 1965. Ethylene Action and the Ripening of Fruits. Science 148: 1190-1196.
  • Burg, S.P., E.A. Burg, 1969. Interaction of ethylene, oxygen and carbon Dioxide in the Control of Fruit Ripening. Qualities Plantarim et Materiae Vegetabiles 19:18-200.
  • Chichester, C.O., R. McFeeters, 1971. Pigment Degeneration During Processing and Storage. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products". Vol.2 (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press, New York, USA, pp:707-719.
  • Claypool, L.L., 1972. Postharvest Physiology of Fruits. Kaliforniya Üniversitesi Pomoloji Bölümü Ders Notları. Davis, USA.
  • 5 Claypool, L.L., R.M. Keefer, 1942. A Colorimetric Method for CO₂ Determination in Respiration Studies. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 40:177-186.
  • Doesburg, J.J., 1965. Pectic Substances in Fresh and Preserved Fruits and Vegetables. Inst. for Res. on Storage and Processing of Hort. Produce.
  • B.V.T. Communication Nr. 25, Printed in the Netherlands by Veeman En Zonen N.V., Wageningen, 152p.
  • Dostal, H.C., 1970. The Biochemistry and Physiology of Ripening. Hort. Science 5:36-37.
  • Ertan, Ü., 1980. Adapazarı ve Çevresinde Tarımı yapılan önemli patates çeşitlerinin Derim Sonrası Fizyolojisi Üzerinde Araştırmalar. (Doktora tezi). Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Adana, 280s.
  • Ertan, Ü., İ.S. Özelkök, K. Kaynaş ve F. Öz, 1992. Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları üzerinde karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-1 (Akıcı Sistem). Bahçe (Basımda).
  • Fidler, J.C., C.J. North, 1967. The Effect of Conditions of Storage on the Respiration of Apples-1. The Effect of Temperature and Concentrations of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen. Hort. Sci. 42:189-206.
  • Griffiths, D.G., N.A. Potter and C. C. Hulme, 1950.
  • Data for the Study of the Metabolism of Apples During Growth and Storage. J. Hort. Sci. 25: 266-270.
  • Hardenburg, E., A.E. Watada and C.Y. Wang, 1990. The Commercial Storage of Fruits, Vegetable, and Florist and Nursery Stocks. USDA, Agr. Res. Ser. Agr. Handbook No. 66, pp:32-33.
  • Hulme, A.C., 1958. Some Aspects of the Biochemistry of Apple and Pear fruits. Advances in Food Res. 8:297-413.
  • Hulme, A.C., M.J.C. Rhodes, 1971. Pome Fruits. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products" Vol.2 (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press, New York, USA, pp:333-373.
  • Kertesz, Z.I.,1951. The Pectic substances. Interscience Publishers.
  • Kidd, F., C. West, 1930. Physiology of Fruit-1. Changes in the Respiratory Activity of Apples During Their Senescence at Different Temperatures. Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) B 106, pp:93-109.
  • Kidd, F., C. West, 1950. The Refrigerated Gas
  • Storage of Apples. Dept. Sci. and Indus. Res. Food Invest. Bd., Leaflet 6, London.
  • Kidd, F., C. West, D.G. Griffiths and N.A. Potter, 1951. Metabolism of Malic Acid in Apples. J. Hort. Sci. 26:16-175.
  • Kieser, M.E., A. Polard, 1951. The Effect of Fruit storage on Apple juice Processing-2. Ann. Rept. Agr. Hort. Res. Sta. Long Ashton, Bristol, pp:188-189.
  • Knee, M., 1971-a. Ripening of Apples During Storage. J. Sci. Fd. Agric., 22:365-367.
  • Knee, M., 1971-b. Ripening of Apples During Storage-3. Changes in Chemical Composition of Golden Delicious Apples During the Climacteric Under Condition Simulating Commercial Storage Practice. J. Sci. Fd. Agric., 22:371-377.
  • Knee, M., 1980. Physiological Responses of Apple Fruits to Oxygen Concentrations. Ann. Appl. Biol. 96:243-233.
  • Lau, O.L., 1980. Fruit Response to Handling and Storage-Apples. In "Proceeding of Tri-State Apple Rostharvest Physiology and Storage Methods. Short Course "Wenatchee, Washington. pp:31-48.
  • Lau, O.L., 1983. Storage Responses of Four Apple Cultivars to a "Rapid CA" Procedure in Commercial Controlled-Atmosphere Facilities. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 108:530-533.
  • Lau, O.L., 1985. Storage Procedures, Low Oxygen and Low Carbon Dioxide Atmospheres on Storage Quality of Golden Delicious and Delicious Apples. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110:541-547.
  • Meheriuk, M., 1985. Controlled Atmosphere Storage Conditions for Some of the More Commonly Grown Apple Cultivar. In "Proc. 4. Notional CA Res. Conference" (Ed. S.M. Blankenship) North Caroline State Univ. Raleigh Hort. Rpt. 126, pp:391-421.
  • Olsen, K.L., H.A. Schomer, 1964. Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Levels for Controlled-Atmosphere Storage of Starking and Golden Delicious Apple. USDA Mrkg. Res. Report No:653, 11p.
  • Patherson, M.E., 1970. The Role of Ripening in the Affairs of Man. Hort. Science 5(1):30-33.
  • Rhodes, M.C., L.S.C. Wooltorton, 1967. The Respiration Climacteric in Apple Fruits. Phytochem, 6:1-12.
  • Ryall, A.L., W.T. Pentzer, 1974. Handling, Transportation and Storage of Fruits and Vegetables. The AVI Publishing Company, Inc. pp:340-360.
  • Smock, R.M., 1944. The Physiology of Decidious Fruits in Storage. The Bot. Rew., 10:560-568.
  • Smock, R.M., A.M. Neubert, 1950. Apples and Apple Products. Interscience, New York.
  • Smock, R.M., 1958. Controlled Atmosphere Storage of Apples. New York Agr. Col. (Cornell), Ext. Bul. 759, 35p.
  • Tomkins, R.G., 1968. Small Scale Storage Trials. Agricultural Research Council Annual Report, For June 1967-May 1968, Dittion Laboratory, pp:12-18.
  • Ulrich, R., 1970. Organic Acids. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their products" Vol.1, (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press, New York, USA, pp:89-115.
  • Van Buran, A., 1965. The Function of Phytochrome in Regulation of Plant Growth. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciensces 58:2125-2139.
  • Whiting, G.C., 1970. Sugars. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their products" Vol.1, (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press, New York USA, pp:1-31.
  • Wilkinson, B.G., 1970-a. Physiological Disorders of Fruit After Harvest. In "The Biochemistry of Fruits and Their Products". Vol.1, (Ed. A.C. Hulme) Academic Press. New York, USA, pp:537-554.
  • Wilkinson, B.G., 1970-b. The Effect of Evaporation on Storage Disorders of Apples. Report of East mailing Res. Sta. for 1969. pp:127-129.
  • Wilkinson, B.G., J.C. Fidler, 1973. Physiological Disorders. The Biology of Apple and Pear Storage. Commonwealth Agricultural Bordeaux, Farham Royal, England pp:67-131.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ümit Ertan This is me

Kenan Kaynaş

İsmet Sözer Özelkök This is me

Fahrettin Öz This is me

Submission Date January 1, 1993
Acceptance Date January 31, 1993
Publication Date December 31, 1993
Published in Issue Year 1993 Volume: 22 Issue: 1-2

Cite

APA Ertan, Ü., Kaynaş, K., Özelkök, İ. S., & Öz, F. (1993). Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2. Bahçe, 22(1-2), 17-28. https://izlik.org/JA34FM83HL
AMA 1.Ertan Ü, Kaynaş K, Özelkök İS, Öz F. Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2. Bahçe. 1993;22(1-2):17-28. https://izlik.org/JA34FM83HL
Chicago Ertan, Ümit, Kenan Kaynaş, İsmet Sözer Özelkök, and Fahrettin Öz. 1993. “Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal Ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2”. Bahçe 22 (1-2): 17-28. https://izlik.org/JA34FM83HL.
EndNote Ertan Ü, Kaynaş K, Özelkök İS, Öz F (December 1, 1993) Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2. Bahçe 22 1-2 17–28.
IEEE [1]Ü. Ertan, K. Kaynaş, İ. S. Özelkök, and F. Öz, “Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2”, Bahçe, vol. 22, no. 1-2, pp. 17–28, Dec. 1993, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA34FM83HL
ISNAD Ertan, Ümit - Kaynaş, Kenan - Özelkök, İsmet Sözer - Öz, Fahrettin. “Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal Ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2”. Bahçe 22/1-2 (December 1, 1993): 17-28. https://izlik.org/JA34FM83HL.
JAMA 1.Ertan Ü, Kaynaş K, Özelkök İS, Öz F. Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2. Bahçe. 1993;22:17–28.
MLA Ertan, Ümit, et al. “Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal Ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2”. Bahçe, vol. 22, no. 1-2, Dec. 1993, pp. 17-28, https://izlik.org/JA34FM83HL.
Vancouver 1.Ertan Ü, Kaynaş K, Özelkök İS, Öz F. Bazı Önemli Elma Çeşitlerinin Normal ve Kontrollü Atmosferde Depolanmaları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Araştırmalar-2. Bahçe [Internet]. 1993 Dec. 1;22(1-2):17-28. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA34FM83HL

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