Determining Salt Tolerance of Some Grapevine Rootstocks Under In vitro Conditions

Abstract

Salt resistance tests were conducted in 5 BB, 41 B and 1613 grapevine rootstocks under in vitro conditions. Plant materials used in in vitro salt resistance tests were propagated by the axillary bud culture method. Single-node shoots were subjected to five different NaCl concentrations (0.00%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00%) in MS + 5 µM BA medium for two different periods (4 and 8 weeks). Proliferation, growth and chlorophyll contents decreased due to the increase in NaCl concentration and treatment period. Salt treatments caused loss of viability and injuries at different levels in explants, depending on NaCl concentrations, treatment periods and grape rootstocks. Beside the percentage viability, tolerance ratio and tolerance index were calculated on the bases of explant weight and total chlorophyll to determine salt tolerance of grapevine rootstocks and difference among the rootstocks. The most tolerant grape rootstock to salt treatments was 1613 and this was followed by 5 BB and 41 B. It was determined that salt tolerant grape rootstocks could relatively maintain their growth rates and could avoid from metabolic disorders such as chlorophyll deficiency.

Keywords

• Grapevine Rootstocks
• in vitro
• Salt Resistance

Bazı Asma Anaçlarının in vitro Koşullarda Tuza Dayanımlarının Belirlenmesi

Abstract

5 BB, 41 B ve 1613 asma anaçlarına in vitro koşullarında tuz testleri uygulanmıştır. In vitro tuz testlerinde kullanılan materyal aktif tomurcuk kültürü yöntemi ile çoğaltılmıştır. Tek boğumlu sürgünler MS+5 µM BA ortamında, %0.00, %0.25, %0.50, %0.75 ve %1.00 olmak üzere 5 farklı NaCl konsantrasyonu ile 4 ve 8 hafta olmak üzere iki farklı zaman periyodunda tuza maruz bırakılmışlardır. Artan NaCl konsantrasyonu ve uygulama süresine bağlı olarak eksplantlarda çoğalma, büyüme ve toplam klorofil miktarının azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Tuz uygulamaları NaCl konsantrasyonları, uygulama süreleri ve çeşitlere bağlı olarak, eksplantlarda farklı şiddetlerde zararlanmaların meydana gelmesine ve canlılığın azalmasına da neden olmuştur. Kutlanılan anaçların tuza dayanımlarının ve çeşitler arasındaki farklılığın belirlenmesi amacı ile eksplant ağırlığı ve toplam klorofil bazında hesaplanan tolerans oranı ve tolerans indeksleri ile yüzde canlılık değerlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Bütün bu kriterlerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda tuza en dayanıklı anacın 1613 olduğu, bunu sırası ile 5 BB ve 41 B anaçlarının izlediği tespit edilmiştir. 1613 anacının tuzlu ortamlarda büyüme oranını nispeten koruyabildiği ve klorofil noksanlığı gibi metabolik bozukluklardan sakınabildiği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Asma Anaçları
• in vitro
• Tuza Dayanım

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