Bazı Asma Anaçlarında NaCl Uygulamalarının İyon Metabolizması Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Tuza orta derecede hassas olan 5 BB ve tuza dayanıklı olan 1613 asma anaçlarına sera koşullarında (28±2℃ ve %70±5 oransal nem) tuz testleri uygulanmıştır. Denemede kullanılan bitkisel materyal aktif tomurcuk içeren tek boğumlu çeliklerin, perlit dolu büyütme kaplarında sürdürülmesiyle elde edilmiştir. Sürgünler birer boğumlu hale geldiğinde, çelikler 5 farklı konsantrasyonda NaCl (%0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 ve 1.00) içeren besin çözeltisi ile sulanarak, 4 hafta süre ile tuza maruz bırakılmışlardır. Tuz uygulamaları her iki anaçta da kök, gövde, sürgün + yaprak sapı ve yaprak ayası olmak üzere bitkinin tüm organlarında Na birikimine neden olmuştur. Söz konusu organlarda Na:Ca oranlan artarken, K:Na oranları azalmıştır. Artan NaCl konsantrasyonları bu etkileri daha da güçlendirmiştir. Bununla birlikte, tuz uygulamalarının Na akümülasyonu ve iyon dengeleri üzerine olan etkileri bakımından, anaçlar arasında temel bazı farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. 1613 anacının 5 BB’den farklı olarak kökleriyle daha az Na absorbe ettiği ve Na’u yapraklarından uzak tutabildiği; yaprak ayasında tespit edilen K:Na oranının yüksek; köklerinde belirlenen Na:Ca oranının ise düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Bu özellikler 1613 anacının tuza dayanıklı olmasında etkili olan faktörler olarak değerlendirilmişlerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Asma Anaçları
• NaCl
• İyon Metabolizması

Effects of NaCl Treatments on Ion Metabolism in Some Grapevine Rootstocks

Abstract

Salt resistance tests were conducted in moderately salt sensitive Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5 BB and salt resistant Solonis × Othello 1613 grapevine rootstocks under greenhouse conditions (28±2℃ and %70±5 relative humidity). Plant materials used in the experiment were obtained by shooting of single nodal cuttings with axillary buds, on growth containers containing perlite. When their shoots reached to the single node stage, the cuttings were subjected to salt for 4 weeks by irrigating them with nutrient solution including 5 different NaCl concentrations (0.00%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00%). Salt treatments caused to Na accumulation in all the organs (i.e., roots, shoots, pedicels and lamina) of the plant. Moreover, K:Na ratio decreased whereas Na:Ca ratio increased. These effects were strengthened with the increase in NaCl concentrations. However, in terms of salt treatment effects on Na accumulation and ion balances, some differences were determined between the rootstocks. Compared with 5 BB, 1613 rootstock absorbed less/Na through the roots and excluded Na from the leaves; K:Na ratio was higher in the lamina and Na:Ca ratio was lower in the roots. It was concluded that these characteristics were the effective factors in salt tolerance of 1613 rootstock.

Keywords

• Grapevine Rootstocks
• NaCl
• Ion Metabolism

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