Kadife Çiçeği Ekstraktının Su Kabağı (Lagenaria siceraria) Genotiplerinin Fide Çıkış Performanslarına Etkisi

Abstract

Son yıllarda bazı bitkisel organik ekstraktların tohum çimlenmesi ve fide kalitesine etkileri araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada iki farklı su kabağı genotipinde Tagates patula türünün çiçeklerinden elde edilen ekstraktın (PAT, 10 g kurutulmuş petal/L, 25℃, 24 saat) çıkış ve fide kalitesine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. PAT primingin ekim öncesi etkisini belirleyebilmek için, uygulama yapılmış ve uygulama yapılmamış tohumlarda çıkış oranı (%), normal fide çıkış oranı (%), ortalama çıkış süresi (saat), çıkış indeksi, çıkış hız katsayısı (%), fide gövde kalınlığı(mm), fide boyu (cm), fide yaş ağırlığı (mg) ve fide kuru ağırlıkları (mg) belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar PAT priming uygulamalarının çıkış oranını arttırdığını, ortalama çıkış süresini kısalttığı ve fide kalitesini arttırdığını göstermektedir. PAT priming uygulamasının her iki genotipte de kontrole göre çıkış oranını %15 ve %21, çıkış indeksini 0.49 ve 1.15, çıkış hız katsayısını %0.41 ve %2.11, fide gövde kalınlığını 1.07 ve 1.31 mm, fide boyunu 2.88 ve 3.47 cm, fide yaş ağırlığını 774 ve 1046 mg, fide kuru ağırlığını ise 50 ve 74 mg arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak kadife çiçeği ekstraktı ile yapılan tohum uygulamaları ucuz, organik, çevre dostu, etkili ve basit uygulanabilir olmaları nedeniyle su kabağı genotiplerinde etkin bir şekilde kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Organik priming
• allelopatik kimyasal
• uyarıcı etki

The Effect of Marigold Extract on The Seedling Emergence Performance of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) Genotypes

Abstract

In recent years, the effects of some plant organic extracts on seed germination and seedling quality have been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of extract (PAT, 10 g dried petal/L, 25℃, 24 hours) from flowers of Tagates patula species on seedling and seedling quality in two different gourd genotypes. Because of the effect of PAT priming before sowing, emergence percentage (%), normal seedling percentage (%), mean emergence time (hours), emergence index, coefficient of velocity of emergence (%), stem thickness (mm), seedling length (cm), seedling fresh weight (mg) and seedling dry weight (mg) were determined in treated and control seeds. The results show that PAT priming applications increase the emergence percentage, shorten the mean emergence time and improve seedling quality. It was found that PAT priming increased the emergence percentage by 15% and 21%, emergence index by 0.49 and 1.15, coefficient of velocity of emergence by 0.41% and 2.11%, stem thickness by 1.07 and 1.31 mm, seedling length by 2.88 and 3.47 cm, seedling fresh weight by 774 and 1046 mg seedling dry weight by 50 and 74 mg in both genotypes compared to the control. As a result, it has been determined that seed treatments made with marigold extract can be used effectively in bottle gourd genotypes because they are cheap, organic, environment friendly, effective and simple applicable.

Keywords

• Organic priming
• stimulatory effect
• allelochemicals

References

1. Basra, S.M.A., M.N. Iftikhar, I. Afzal, 2011. Potential of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract as priming agent for hybrid maize seeds. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 13:1006-1010.
2. Bisognin, D.A., N.L. Menezes, R. Centenaro, A.M. Albini, 1999.Influence of extraction time on the physiological quality of bottle gourd seeds. Ciencia Rural 29(1):7-12.
3. Come, D., 1983. Post-harvest physiology of seeds as related to quality and germ inability. Morris Lieberman ed. Post-harvest physiology and crop preservation, plenum press, New York, 165-190.
4. Coolbear, P., D. Grierson, 1979. Studies on the changes in the major nucleic acid components of tomato seeds (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) resulting from osmotic pre-sowing treatment. Journal of Experimental Botany 30(119):1153-1162.
5. Demir, N., B. Dural, K. Yıldırım, 2006. Effect of seaweed suspensions on seed germination of tomato, pepper and aubergine. Journal of Biological Science 6(6):1130-1133.
6. Gündüz, K., F.E. Karaat, F. Uzunoğlu, K. Mavi, 2019. Influences of pre-sowing treatments on the germination and emergence of different mulberry species seeds. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus 18(2):97-104.
7. Halmer, P., S.P.C. Groot, Y. Birnbaum, R. Groeneveld, N. Swaay, 2004. Commercial organic pelleting and priming treatments for sugar beet seed. Proceeding of the First World Conference on Organic Seed Rome, Italy, 176.
8. Kader, M.A., 2005. A comparison of seed germination calculation formulae and the associated interpretation of resulting data. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 138:65-75.

9. Kenanoğlu, B.B., I. Demir, K. Mavi, H. Yetişir, D. Keleş, 2007. Effect of priming on germination of Lagenaria siceraria genotypes at low temperatures. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 13(3):169-175.
10. Kester, S.T., R.L. Geneve, R.L. Houtz, 1997. Priming and accelerated ageing affect L-isoaspartylmethyl transferase activity in tomato seed. Journal of Experimental Botany 48(309):943-949.
11. Kibinza, S., J. Bazin, C. Bailly, J.M. Farrant, F. Corbineau, H. El-Maarouf-Bouteau, 2011. Catalase is a key enzyme in seed recovery from ageing during priming. Plant Science 181(3):309-315.
12. Liu, G., Q. Wang, X. Liu, 2011. Promotive effect of Nostoc commune Vauch. water extract on seed germination of Gentiana dahurica Fischer. Grassland Science 57(2):116-118.
13. Maguire, J.D., 1962. Speed of germination-aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor. Crop Science 2:176-177.
14. Matysiak K., S. Kaczmarek, R. Krawczyk, 2011. Influence of seaweed extracts and mixture of humic and fulvic acids on germination and growth of Zea mays L. Acta Scientiarum. Polonorum Agricultura 10(1):33-45.
15. Mavi, K., 2013. A new priming agent for different ornamental plant species: Tagates patula. MKU Journal of Agricultural Faculty 18(2):15-22.
16. Mavi, K., M. Atak, 2016. Effect of organic priming on seedling emergence of watermelon under low temperature stress. In: Proceedings of the 7th international scientific agriculture symposium, “Agrosym 2016”. Jahorina, pp:1727-1732.
17. Mavi, K., F. Uzunoğlu, 2019. Effects of pre-sowing treatments with allelopathic material on seedling emergence and performance in tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.). Third International Mediterranean Congress on Natural Sciences, Health Sciences and Engineering, Mensec III, The Future of Organic Agriculture in Mediterranean Basin, Abstract Book, University of Donja Gorica, Podgorica, Montenegro, p:123.
18. Mavi, K., 2014. Use of extract from dry marigold (Tagates spp.) flowers to prime eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seeds. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Hortorum Cultus, 13:3-12.
19. Mavi, K., 2016. The effect of organic priming with marigold herbal tea on seeds quality in aji pepper (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum Willd.). MKU Journal of Agricultural Faculty 21:31-39.
20. Mavi, K., 2018. Evaluation of organic priming to improve the emergence performance of domesticated Capsicum species. Seed Science and Technology 46(1):131-137.
21. Moon, S.B., Y.O. Jeong, J.L. Cho, 1999. Seed treatment to improve germ inability of gourd (Lagenaria siceraria Standl.). Korean Journal Horticulture Science Technology 17(6):747-749.
22. Orchard, T., 1977. Estimating the parameters of plant seedling emergence. Seed Science and Technology 5:61-69.
23. Szopinska, D., 2011. Enhancement of Zinnia seeds by osmopriming and grapefruit extract treatment. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 10(2):33-47.
24. Vasudevan, P., S. Kashyap, S. Sharma, 1997. Tagetes: A multipurpose plant. Bioresource Technology 62:29-35.
25. Xu, L.W., G.Y. Wang, Y.P. Shi, 2011. Chemical constituents from Tagetes erecta flowers. Chemistry of Natural Compounds 47(2):281-283.
26. Yıldırım, E., İ. Güvenç, 2005. Deniz yosunu özü uygulamalarının tuzlu koşullarda pırasada tohum çimlenmesi üzerine etkisi. Bahçe 34(2):83-87.