Determination of Onion yellow dwarf virus; (OYDV) in Allium Genus Plants in South Marmara Region by Elisa Method

Abstract

Besides their economic value, onion, garlic and leek have huge importance in agricultural production due to their nutritional properties and their medicinal aromatic plant characteristics. According to 2014 statics, onion production was 1.938.225 tons, garlic production was 116.089 tons and leek production was 223.303 tons in Turkey. There a lot of diseases that restricts production of plants from Allium genus. One of these diseases is Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) which causes important loses in yield and product quality. The aim of this study is to determination of the presence of OYDV in garlic, onion and leek production areas in Çanakkale, Bursa and Balıkesir provinces. As regards to this aim, a survey for OYDV infected plants was conducted in 2014-2015 production seasons. A total of 165 samples was collected including 78 leek samples, 52 onion samples and 35 garlic samples, which shows symptoms like chlorosis, dwarfing and leaf roll. These samples were tested by DAS-ELISA with using special polyclonal antibodies for OYDV. As a results of DAS-ELISA tests, out of 165 samples 68 were positive and eight was found as suspicious of OYDV.

Keywords

• South Marmara Region
• Onion yellow dwarf virus
• OYDV
• Elisa

Güney Marmara Bölgesinde Allium Cinsi Bitkilerde Soğan Sarı Cücelik Virüsünün Elisa Yöntemi İle Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Soğan (Allium cepa), sarımsak (Allium sativum) ve pırasa (Allium porrum) ekonomik değerlerinin yanı sıra besleyici özellikleri ve tıbbi aromatik bitki özelliği taşımaları nedeni ile tarımsal üretimde büyük önem taşırlar. 2014 yılı verilerine göre ülkemizde 1.938.255 ton soğan, 116.089 ton sarımsak ve 223.303 ton pırasa üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Allium cinsi bitkilerin üretimini sınırlandıran birçok hastalık bulunmaktadır. Bu hastalıklardan birisi de verim ve kalite kayıplarına neden olan Soğan sarı cücelik virüsü (Onion yellow dwarf virus; OYDV)’dür. Bu çalışmada Çanakkale, Bursa ve Balıkesir illerinde pırasa, sarımsak ve soğan üretimi yapılan alanlarda OYDV’nin varlığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda 2014-2015 üretim sezonu içerisinde bir sörvey gerçekleştirilerek OYDV ile infekteli olduğu düşünülen ve kloroz, bodurluk, yapraklarda kıvrılma ve bükülme belirtileri gösteren 78’i pırasa, 52’si soğan ve 35’i sarımsak olmak üzere toplam 165 bitki toplanmış ve OYDV’ye özgü ticari poliklonal antibadiler kullanılarak DAS-ELISA ile test edilmiştir. DAS-ELISA testleri sonucunda 165 örnekten 68’i pozitif olarak saptanırken, 8 örnek ise şüpheli olarak değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

• Güney Marmara Bölgesi
• Soğan sarı cücelik virüsü
• OYDV
• Elisa

References

1. Abd El-Wahab A.S., 2009. Aphid-transmission efficiency of two main viruses on garlic in Egypt, Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus (OYDV-G) and Leek Yellow Stripe Virüs (LYSV-G). Academic Journal of Entomology, 2(1):40-42.
2. Abd El-Wahab A.S., Elnagar, S., El Sheikh, M.A.K., 2009. Incidence of aphid-bome Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) in Alliaceae crops and associated weeds in Egypt. 4. Conference on Recent Technologies in Agriculture, 21-33.
3. Arya, M., Baranwal, V.K., Ahlawat, Y.S., Singh, L., 2006. RT-PCR detection and molecular characterization of Onion yellow dwarf virus associated with garlic and onion. Current Science 91 (9):1230-1234.
4. Bagi, F., Stojsin, V., Budakov, D., El Swaeh, S.M.A., Gvozdanovic-Varga, J., 2012. Effect of onion yellow dwarf virüs (OYDV) on yield components of fail garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Serbia. African Journal of Agricultural Research 7 (15):2386-2390.
5. Bos, L., 1976. Onion yellow dwarf virus. CMI/AAB. Descriptions of plant viruses, vol 158, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
6. Clark, M.F., Adams, A.N., 1977. Characteristics of the microplate method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of plantviruses. J. Genet. Virol., 34:475-483.
7. Conci, V.C., Canavelli, A., Lunello, P., 2003. Yield losses associated with virus-infected garlic plants during fıve successive years. Plant Disease 87:1411-1415.
8. Dovas, C.I., Hatziloucas, E., Salomon, R., Barg, E., Shiboleth, Y., Katis, N.I., 2001. Incidence of viruses infecting Allium spp. in Greece. European Journal of Plant pathology 107, 677-684.Pathology 99 (Suppl.) 2, 1-48.

9. Drake, C.J, Tate, H.D., Harris, H.M., 1933. The relationship of aphids to the transmission of yellow dwarf of onion. Journal of Economic Entomology 26:841-846.
10. Elnagar, S., El-Sheikh, M.A.K., AbdEl-Wahab, A.S., 2011. Effect of natural infection with onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) on yield of onion and garlic crops in Egypt. Journal of Life Science 5:634-638.
11. Fayad-Andre, M. de S., Dusi, A.N., Resende, R.O., 2011. Spread of viruses in garlic fields cultivated under different agricultural production systems in Brazil. Tropical Plant Pathology 36:341-349.
12. Fidan, H., 2010. Sarımsak, soğan ve pırasadaki virüs hastalıklarının saptanması ve Taşköprü 56 sarımsak tipinin en yaygın virüse karşı reaksiyonunun belirlenmesi. Doktora Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
13. Katis, N.I., Maliogka, V.I., Dovas, C.I., 2012. Viruses of the genus Allium in the Mediterranean Region. In: Lecoq H., Loebenstein G., (Ed.), Viruses and Virus Diseases of Vegetables in the Mediterranean Basin. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, 163-208.
14. Klukackova, J., Navratil, M., Vesela, M., Havranerek P., Safarova, D., 2004. Occurrence of garlic viruses in the Czech Republic. Proceedings Conference Organized at Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Slovakia. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, 126-128.
15. Kumar, P., Dhawan, P., Mehra, R., 2011. Characterization, transmission and hoşt range of onion yellow dwarf virus. Plant Disease Research 26 (2):176.
16. Kumar P., Dhawan, P., Mehra, R., 2012. Symptoms and losses caused by onion yellow dwarf virus and iris yellow spot virus diseases of onion crop in Northen India. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 42 (1):153-160.
17. Sevik, M.A., 2012. Determination of onion yellow dwarf virus concentration levels on onion bulb and leaf by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 45:3:339-343.
18. Melhus, I.E., Reddy, C., Shenderson, W.J., Vestal, E., 1929. A new virus disease epidemic on onions. Phytopathology 19:73-77.
19. Satfar, Z.N., Torabi, S., Naghavi, M., Golnaraghi, A.R., Aryakia, E., 2013. Onion yellow dwarf virus on leek, onion, shallot and Welsh onion in Iran. Journal of Plant Pathology 2013 Vol. 95 No. 4, Supplementpp. S4.73.
20. TUIK, 2014. http://tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul (Erişim: Temmuz 2015).
21. Van Dijk, P., 1993. Survey and characterization of potyviruses and their strains of Allium species. Netherlands. Journal of Plant.