Viognier (Vitis vinifera L.) Üzüm Çeşidinde Farklı Sıra Yönleri ve Salkım Seyreltme Uygulamalarının Kalite ve Verim Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Bu araştırma Viognier üzüm çeşidinde farklı dikim yönü ve salkım seyreltme uygulamalarının verim ve kalite üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla Şarköy ilçesinde, 2011 yılında 40°38’13,27”K ile 27°03’38,96”D enlem ve boylamlarında ve 198 m ortalama rakımda yürütülmüştür. Viognier/420A omcaları 5 yaşında; Tek Kollu Kordon Royat Terbiye Şeklinde 2.20×1.25 m mesafe ile dikilmiştir. Bölünmüş parsellerde iki faktörlü faktöriyel deneme desenine göre kurulmuş olan araştırmada; Ana parsel uygulamalarında her bir parsel bir dikim yönü konusunu K-G ve D-B; her alt parsel de bir salkım seyreltme uygulamasını (SSU) alttaki salkımların alınması (ASA), üstteki salkımların alınması (ÜSA), karışık salkım alınması (%50 Alt + %50 Üst) (KSA), kontrol (hiç salkım alınmamış) (K) konusu oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada farklı dikim yönünün ve salkım seyreltme uygulamalarının; salkım (eni, boyu, ağırlığı ve hacmi), tane (tane ağırlığı, 100 tane ağırlığı ve % kuru ağırlık) ve şıra özellikleri (SÇKM, toplam asitlik, pH, TPİ, malik ve tartarik asit, potasyum ve kalsiyum) üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak K-G doğrultusunda dikimin D-B doğrultusunda dikime göre kısmen daha olumlu sonuçlar verdiği, D-B yönü ile SSU’ların interaksiyonlarının incelenen kalite kriterleri (salkım, tane, şıra özellikleri) ve verim açısından dalgalı dağılım gösterdiği söylenebilir. Belirli bir terroirda K-G yönünde; çeşidin gösterdiği tepkiye göre ÜSA, ASA veya KSA gibi farklı salkım seyreltme uygulamaları tercih edilmelidir.

Keywords

• Viognier
• salkım seyreltme
• dikim yönü
• verim
• kalite

Different Row Orientation and Cluster Thinning Applications Effect on Quality and Yield Characteristic in Viognier (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Variety

Abstract

This research has been conducted during the 2011 vegetation period in Şarköy district of Tekirdağ on cv. Viognier (Vitis vinifera L.) at a vineyard with 198 m altitude, 40°38’13,27”N latitude and 27°03’38,96”E longitude in order to identify the effects of various row orientation and cluster thinning practices on efficiency and quality. Grapevines are 2.20×1.25 m spaced and trained single cordon royat system. Viognier cv. was grafted on to 420A rootstock and 5 years old. Research is setup in divided parcels according to the two-factor factorial design pattern in such a way that it has been conducted with 96 vines in total, 2 parcels, 4 replicates, 4 sub-practices of each with 3 vines. Main parcel applications involved two row orientation; N-S (North-South), E-W (East-West). Each sub parcel ones, however, included cluster thinning applications, LCT (lower cluster thinning), UCT (upper cluster thinning), MCT (mixed cluster thinning), C (control/no cluster thinning). In this experiment, the effects of different row orientation and cluster thinning applications on cluster (cluster width, length, weight and volume), berry (berry weight, 100 berry weight, % dry weight), must specifications (WSDM, total acidity, pH, TPI, malic and tartaric acid, potassium and calcium) and yield have been analyzed. As a result, planting to N-S row orientation has partially more positive results than E-W row orientation and N-S row orientation has been found optimal for vineyards to insure consistent canopy light interception. In terms of inspected quality criteria’s (cluster, berry, must specifications) and yield, we could assert that interactions between E-W row orientation and cluster thinning applications showed a wavy dispersion. In particular terroir, N-S direction for according to the cultivars response; different cluster thinning applications like LCT, UCT or MCT should be preferred.

Keywords

• cv. Viognier
• cluster thinning
• row orientation
• viticulture
• Vitis vinifera L.

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