Bitkisel Üretimde Yapay Işık Kaynaklarının Kullanımı

Abstract

Işık bitki gelişimi için gerekli olan çevresel faktörlerden birisidir. Doğal ışık bitkideki fotosentez faaliyeti harekete geçirerek bitkinin inorganik maddeleri organik maddelere dönüştürmesini sağlar. Bu temel işleviyle ışık tarımsal üretimde önemli bir role sahip bir üretim girdisi olarak yer alır. Yetersiz ya da düzensiz aydınlatma bitkisel üretimi kısıtlamaktadır. Bu sebeple doğal ışığın üretimi kısıtladığı yerlerde ek aydınlatma olarak yapay ışık kaynaklarının kullanımı yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Kapalı ortamlarda da yapay aydınlatma ile bitkisel üretim mümkün hale gelmiştir. Yapay ışık kaynağı ve kaynaktan çıkan ışığın nitelikleri temel alınarak bitkisel üretimde yapay ışıklandırma konusunda daha iyi çözümleri öne sürmek üzerine araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. LED teknolojisi düşük enerji tüketimi ve bitkisel üretim üzerindeki olumlu etkileriyle geleneksel yapay ışık kaynaklarının yerini alarak yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bitkinin ışık enerjisi ile ilişkisi incelenmiş, yapay ışıklandırma kaynaklarının nitelikleri ve LED ile yapılan aydınlatmanın çeşitli türlerdeki etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur.

Keywords

• Yapay ışıklandırma
• sebze yetiştiriciliği
• LED
• kontrollü çevre

Artificial Lighting in Vegetable Production

Abstract

Light is one of the environmental factors necessary for plant growth. Natural light provides energy for photosynthesis process which plant can convert inorganic substances into organic substances. With this basic function, light plays a crucial role as an important production input in plant production. Insufficient or irregular lighting often limits crop production. Accordingly, artificial light sources have started to become popular since they serve as additional lighting in places where lighting levels should be optimized. With the help of artificial lighting systems, indoor plant production has become possible. Research on the characteristics of sources and light emitted are carried out to suggest better solutions for artificial lighting. LED technology is becoming widespread by replacing traditional artificial light sources with LEDs’ low energy consumption and positive effects on crop production. In this review, the relation between plants and light energy was emphasized, the qualities of artificial lighting sources and the effects of LED lighting on various species were examined.

Keywords

• Artificial lighting
• vegetable cultivation
• LED
• controlled environment

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