DÜNYA ELMA ISLAH PROGRAMLARINA GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Öz

Elma dünyanın beş kıtası üzerinde yoğun olarak yetiştiriciliği yapılan bir meyve türüdür. Tüm dünyada elmada çeşit geliştirmeye yönelik çalışmalar çok uzun yıllar önce başlatılmıştır. Bugün, hem özel hem de kamu sektörü tarafından yürütülen çok sayıda çeşit ıslah programı bulunmaktadır. Yeni bir çeşidin ortaya çıkarılması genellikle 15-20 yıllık bir süreci gerektirmektedir. Bununla birlikte, dünyada 6000’den fazla kaliteli elma çeşidi olduğu bilinmekte ve bu sayıya sürekli yenileri eklenmektedir. Elma yetiştiricisi ülkelerin hemen tamamında bir ya da daha fazla elma ıslah programı yürütülmektedir. Bu çalışmada dünyada yürütülmekte olan önemli elma ıslah programları incelenmiş, elde edilen bilgiler özetlenerek Türkiye’nin bu alandaki durumu değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elma, Islah, Çeşit

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