Production and Characterization of Silver and Copper Nanoparticles with Grape Seed Extract by Green Synthesis Method

Year 2024, Volume: 53 Issue: Özel Sayı 1, 180 - 188, 16.07.2024

Zeki Kara Basma Humam Ezzaldeen Ezzaldeen Metin Doğan Ahmet Avcı

https://doi.org/10.53471/bahce.1483062

Abstract

Nanotechnology has become a rapidly developing multidisciplinary field of sciences. Efforts to benefit from nanotechnology have accelerated in adapting the increase in agricultural production to the rapid increase in population growth and the resulting food demand on a global scale. For this purpose, nanoproducts are increasingly used to increase agricultural productivity and product quality and to cope with environmental, biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Cu nanoparticles (CuNPs) encapsulated with seed extracts of two grape varieties (Ekşi Kara and Gök Üzüm) were produced by the green synthesis method. Four different nanomaterials were synthesized by using silver nitrate (AgNO₃) in the synthesis of AgNPs and copper chloride (Cu₃(OH)₃Cl) in the synthesis of CuNPs. In the FTIR (Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy) analysis of AgNPs and CuNPs, both loaded into the solution, as well as adsorbed grape seed extracts, were successfully incorporated into the nanoparticle (NPs) skeleton structure, and different functional groups emerged through surface interaction. It was confirmed by the release. In XRD analysis, it was observed that AgNPs and CuNPs formed crystal structures and spectra. The peaks were attributed to the tetragonal crystal structure and were considered as strong evidence of complex formation between the grape seed extract component in AgNPs and CuNPs. Determination of the morphological structures of NPs were characterized by TEM (Transmission electron microscopy). In the TEM analysis, it was determined that the NPs were spherical or spherical in shape and their sizes were in the range of 10-20 nm. It can be said that the produced AgNPs and CuNPs will be suitable for use in plant growth, biomedical, medical and pharmacological fields.

Keywords

Grape seed extract, green synthesis, silver nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles

Gümüş ve Bakır Nanoparçacıkların Üzüm Çekirdeği Ekstresiyle Yeşil Sentez Yöntemiyle Üretimi ve Karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Nanoteknoloji, bilimlerin hızla gelişen çok disiplinli bir alanı haline gelmiştir. Global ölçekte nüfus artışı ve buna bağlı gıda talebindeki hızlı artışa bağlı olarak tarımsal üretim artışının uyum sağlamasında nanoteknolojinden yararlanma çabaları hız kazanmıştır. Bu amaçla, nano ürünler tarımsal verimlik ve ürün kalitesinin artırılmasında, biyotik ve abiyotik streslerle başa çıkmada giderek daha yoğun kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmamızda iki üzüm çeşidinin (Ekşi Kara ve Gök Üzüm) çekirdek ekstreleriyle enkapsüle edilmiş Ag nanoparçacıklar (AgNP’ler) ve Cu nanoparçacıklar (CuNP’ler) yeşil sentez yöntemiyle üretilmiştir. AgNP’lerin sentezinde gümüş nitrat (AgNO₃), CuNP’lerin sentezinde bakır klorür (Cu₂(OH)₃Cl) kullanarak dört farklı nanomalzeme sentezlenmiştir. AgNP’ler ve CuNP’lerin FTIR (Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy) analizinde, solüsyon içerisine yüklenen her iki AgNP’ler ve CuNP’l’erin ve ayrıca adsorbe edilen üzüm çekirdeği ekstreleriyle başarılı bir şekilde nanopartikül (NP) iskelet yapısına dâhil olduğu ve yüzey etkileşimi ile farklı fonksiyonel gurupların ortaya çıkmasıyla doğrulanmıştır. XRD analizinde, AgNP’lerin ve CuNP’lerin kristal yapıları ve spektrumların oluşturduğu gözlenmiştir. Zirve noktaları tetragonal kristal yapıya atfedilerek üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi bileşeni ve AgNP’ler ve CuNP’ler arasındaki kompleks oluşumunun güçlü bir kanıtı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Nanopartiküllerin morfolojik yapılarının belirlenmesi TEM (Transmission electron microscopy) ile karakterize edilmiştir. TEM analizinde, NP’lerin küre veya küreye yakın şekillerde oldukları ve boyutlarının 10-20 nm aralığında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Üretilen AgNP’ler ve Cu NP’lerin bitki gelişinde, biyomedikal, tıbbi ve farmakolojik sahalarında kullanımına uygun olacağı söylenebilir.

Keywords

Üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi, yeşil sentez, gümüş nanoparçacıklar, bakır nanoparçacıklar

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